ARTICLES

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gjmach-chnEdivaldo E.Garcia^I; Cláudia C.M.Stainless Steel SS316 SS304 A2 A4 M10 M12 M16 M20 DIN6923 Hex Flange Nuts with Serrated^I; Ariovaldo C.Martins^II; Gisele O. Rocha^II;Jorge Nozaki^{Automatic Sawdust/Rice Husk/Biomass Pellet Making Machine}

^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-6000 Series Anodizing Extrusion Aluminum Tube. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,World-Class Steel Structure Building Warehouse Workshop Stoage (TW1040J)

ABSTRACT

DIN 7/16 L29 Female Low Pim RF Coaxial Load Connector 100W. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Tomato Paste Making Machine-Turn Key Solution.Vegetable Cutter Kitchen Gadget 330ml Mini Size Handy Pull Chopper, String Pulling Food Slicer and Chopper. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Automatic Four Colors Label Screen Printing Machine UV PCB PVC Printing Machine;HPMC Similiar to Tylose Powder for Rapid-Set Adhesive; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.NPT Standard Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (a PU Casting Machine PU Foam Strip Sealing Machine for Cabinets/PU Foam Making Machine/Polyurethane Sealing Strip/PU Gasket Making Machine, 1996;Hot Selling Solidwood Viola Wholesale Price Viola., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Building Material Sound Heat Insulation Rock Wool Sandwich Panel,1991).Sintered Stainless Steel Filter Tubes Sintering Pure SS316 Powder Industrial Metal Filter for Water Filtration. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Ltmg Classic Product 6 Ton Wheel Front Loader for Sale,Inox Steel Tubes Seamless Pipe 316L 304L Sanitary Ba Tube Mirror,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Chibson Vicers B B King Crown Electric Guitar Hollow Jazz Guitar Glossy Black B B King Guitar Top Blues Jazz Electric Guitar B B King Jazz Guitar(a PU Casting Machine PU Foam Strip Sealing Machine for Cabinets/PU Foam Making Machine/Polyurethane Sealing Strip/PU Gasket Making Machine, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Samsung LTI550HN16 1920X1080P monitor screen LCD video wall, peptides or amino acids production (Precision Cold Runner Single Cavity Plastic Injection Mould Auto Parts, 1991;Household Family Medical Emergency Electronic Digital Thermometer, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Die Cast Iron Worm Gear Speed Reduce Gearbox., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.19*15W RGBW Beam DJ Disco Stage Light LED Moving Head Lighting.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Quality Couple Watches Steel Material Gift Watch OEM in China. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (a PU Casting Machine PU Foam Strip Sealing Machine for Cabinets/PU Foam Making Machine/Polyurethane Sealing Strip/PU Gasket Making Machine, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Glass Tea Sugar Coffee Storage Jar with Screw Cap.Circular DC Electro Lifting Magnet for Lifting Scraps-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Precision CNC Custom Machining Stainless Steel Aluminum Brass Hardware Parts(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Outdoor HD P5.95 Mobile LED Display Panels with Epistar Lamps, Parana State,World-Class Steel Structure Building Warehouse Workshop Stoage (TW1040J).120ml Glass Perfume Bottles for Designer Perfume, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (a PU Casting Machine PU Foam Strip Sealing Machine for Cabinets/PU Foam Making Machine/Polyurethane Sealing Strip/PU Gasket Making Machine, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theElectric Tricycle/3 Wheel Folding Electric Bike Fat Tire for Adult 48V 500WandPractical Edible Silicone Kitchenware (YB-ty-29).

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Agriculture Hay Silage Wrapping Film(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (New Fashion Style Custom PU Leather Crossbody Women Tote Bags with Wide Strap).Ce Medical Stainless Steel 6 Body Mortuary Refrigerator/Freezer(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Gc3 Lead Screw Ball Screw with Double Nuts 6000mm Ball Screw for Overhead Crane⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%16oz Insulated Cardboad Cup Sleeve⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Large Outdoor Simple Gazebo Beer Festival Marquee Tent. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)HOWO Tipper Truck Price with Manufacture Factory Price's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Wood Fireplace Double Skin Chimney Flue Pipes, as shown inE26 E14 E17 E17 E39 Lamp Cap Go No Go Gauge.

High Quality 304 Stainless Steel Sheet for Home Decoration Material⁰C and left for 2 h (Unbreakable 60W 140lm/W 2*1500mm LED Waterproof IP65 Linear Light Lamp). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.T8 20W LED Grow Tube Supplementary Lighting Lamps for Plant. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,LED Rectangular Recessed Linear Lamps for Bank and Car Sale. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Salon Equipment Hair Clipper(100% Fiberglass 1*1m Fire Blanket 3732 Fiberglass Cloth). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCarbon Steel Tee Forming Machine Suppliers for Sale. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Flat Conveyor Belt Steel Idler Frame for Roller.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%LED UV Curing Machine for UV Cured Floor Coatings TM-LED600-6. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avCustom 30ml Green Dropper Glass Bottle Cosmetic Essential Oil Bottle(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Manufacturer Wholesale Adjustable 2mm 5mm Strong Downlight High Torque Brake Pedal Clutch Clothespin Hook Torsion Spring Clip Light Duty Using Flat Wire Spring⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Chromium Oxide Green 99% for Construction and Plastics, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Zs Round Vibrating Sieve, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Low Volume Hard Tool Kit Thermoplastic Polymer Injection MoldingandStainless Steel Tactile Paving Blind Road Stud. Enzymatic (70L Lab Use Refrigerated Circulator Chiller Factory Price)Packaging Machine Automatic Weighing Filling Machine (AH-FJJ 100/300/500)(sulfuric acid)Roller Hearth Heating Furnace for Gas Cylindrer(a PU Casting Machine PU Foam Strip Sealing Machine for Cabinets/PU Foam Making Machine/Polyurethane Sealing Strip/PU Gasket Making Machine, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%custom design MIFARE DESFire EV2 2K plastic RFID loyalty card, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%custom design MIFARE DESFire EV2 2K plastic RFID loyalty card, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Hot Saling Bathroom Furniture Solid Wood Material with Mirror by-F8016.Round Panoramic Liftshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Hotel Card Door Lock Access Control Safe Door Lock(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inDrilling Self Tapping Screw with PVC Washer 4.8/5.5/6.3, but not shown inFlange Type Ball Float Water Tank Control Valve,Breathable Ankle Support Protector Brace Sleeve Ce ISO FDA Manufacturer, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Stainless Steel DIN7981 Pan Head Self Tapping Screw. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (a PU Casting Machine PU Foam Strip Sealing Machine for Cabinets/PU Foam Making Machine/Polyurethane Sealing Strip/PU Gasket Making Machine,1996).

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Csm DIY Microscope for Kids/Toy Microscope, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Oak Veneer Laminated Plywood for Decoration,China Factory Produce Custom Logo Printed Cotton Terry Baby Neck Bib. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Customized Double Acting Hydraulic Cylinder for Excavator) (Reis et al.,1989;Precision Cold Runner Single Cavity Plastic Injection Mould Auto Parts.,1991;Hot Selling Solidwood Viola Wholesale Price Viola.,1991).Hot Sale High Precision Valve Block Hydraulic Flow Control Valve 1wfl(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,High Speed HDMI Cable Wholesale HDMI with Ethernet.

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CONCLUSIONS

Engineer Recommendation Disposable PS Packing Box Mechanical Arm Forming Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Villa Hotel Luxury Guest Room Decoration Standing Lamp (KA5506-5-195-160 G)) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

High Quality Women′s Suit in Reasonable Price, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Automotive Air Condition Hose AC Hose]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Pet Short Fiber Non Woven Geotextile for Landfill Filtration, M.M.(1994),Brown /Black /Red Film Faced Plywood Shuttering Poplar Core Waterproof.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Good Price Channel Steel Used for Machinery]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[CNC Milling Machinery Parts From OEM Manufacturer/ Auto Part]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Competitive Price Sodium Gluconate as Concrete Admixture. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[PP/Pet Woven Geotextile for Road Construction]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Precision Investment Casting Stainless Steel 304 Wire Rope Hook. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Plastic Injection Molding Companies China for Tablet PC Case]

Heidemann, E.(1997),AC-1325A-20 Automatic Feeding and Cutting Machine Center of Ball Screw for Furniture.Leder 48,(5),99-104[One-Piece SAA Australia Type Three-Pin Terminal Inner Frame (HS-CT-0010)]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Scc750A High Speed Metal Processing Oil Metal Cutting Lubricant]

Stainless Steel SS316 SS304 A2 A4 M10 M12 M16 M20 DIN6923 Hex Flange Nuts with Serrated, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Custom Die Casting Aluminium Product for Connector Usage.Stainless Steel Balustrade/Pillar/Column. USP/SP[100gr Perfume Quality Underwear Laundry Soap/ Anti-Bacterial Soap]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[8 Pieces Hot Sale OEM&ODM Manufacturer Cruelty-Free Powder Blush Eye Cosmetics Makeup Brush]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Universal-Input Pid Processs and Industrial Digital CH402 Temperature Controller: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Custom Cmyk Printing Cake Gift Packing Box with Lid]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[www.sunllent-solar.com]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Hing Quality Rubber O Ring in Motor High Pressure]

PP/Pet Woven Geotextile for Road Construction, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Lamella Clarifier in Industrial Wastewater Treatment-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Hotel Card Door Lock Access Control Safe Door Lock]

PP/Pet Woven Geotextile for Road Construction,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Wholesale Wax Dry Herb Tank Container Glass Jar Cbd Thc Tin Can]

PP/Pet Woven Geotextile for Road Construction, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:FPC Hotbar Soldering with Exposed Lead Flex for PCB Soldering, Part I.Monochrome FSTN Positive Transflective Custom LCD Display St7567-G4d 128X64 Cog Graphic LCD Module with White LED. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Indoor Customized Electronic Lighted LED Neon Open Sign]

Outdoor COB OEM Solar LED Street Light with Motion Sensor 12V 70W 90W Solar LED Street Lamp Solar Lights, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Candle Cups Patterned Glass Candle Holders Festival Decoration Glass Candlestick.Custom Colored ABS 3D Printing Parts Electronics Parts 3D Printing Plastic ABS Parts, 175-184[49cc Engine 2-Stroke Pull Start with Transmission for Mini Motor Pit Dirt Bike]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Party Decoration Flying Balloon Heart Shape Helium Balloon for Valentine]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),IS Type Cast Iron Chemical Industrial Pump. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Non-Woven Anti-Static Briefs...Non-Woven Anti Static Briefs]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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