ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Wholesale Fashion Handbags Clutch Coin Purse White Ladies PU Wallet. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk

ABSTRACT

Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Precision Ball Screw with Two Nut.EV Car Charger Connector Type SAE J1772/IEC 62196-1 USA Standard 16A 32A 70A 5 Meter for Electric Vehicle Connection. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Low Density Cleaner in Paper Making Machine;En471 Reflective Fabric Tape Cintas Reflectantes De Tela Plateada; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Customized Stainless Steel Laser Cutting, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale, 1996;Indoor UTP Cat 6 with Rj 45 Connector Length 20 Meter Cable., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (OEM Stainless Steel Stamping Parts Custom Stainless Steel Sheet Fabrication Metal Stamping Fabricate,1991).Handmade Natural Bamboo Basket / Bamboo Flower Pot. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Stainless Steel Handrail Bar Holder for 16mm Pipe,Shac Flange Linear Bearing,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,China Supplier Hot Sale Electric Hydraulic Vertical Freight Lift with Cheap Price(Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Heat Resistant Adhesive Teflon Tape Price High Temperature Teflon Tape, peptides or amino acids production (CNC Router for Engraving Cutting Carving Drilling Milling, 1991;Electric Manual Ice Crusher Ice Shaver Industrial Ice Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Horizontal Rustproof Multi-Function Blood Storage Refrigerator Yj-40-60-Wa., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Empty 20ml Pocket Perfume Spray Bottles 20 Ml PP Plastic Card Shape Bottle with Sprayer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Quality Hot Rolled Steel U Channel China Supplier. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰M Type Metallic Yarn Lurex Yarn Embroidery Yarn.Electric Tricycle/3 Wheel Folding Electric Bike Fat Tire for Adult 48V 500W-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Factory Supply New 4X2 Foton 3ton One Tow Two Road Recovery Towing Wrecker Tow Truck(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

500W 1000W Stainless Steel Copper Fiber Metal Cutting EquipmentAlcalase2.5 L DX,YCOM High Quality Displayport to HDMI Cable Dp to HDMI Cable, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Anti-Pollution Modified Acrylic Solid Surface for Countertops); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Double Layers 24 PCS Needles Crochet Lock Plain Stitch Braiding Machine for PVC Fibere Reinforced Hose(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Corrugated Carton Box Fully Automatic Folding Gluing Machine, Parana State,Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk.800lb 1/2 A105 Thread Forged Steel Globe Valve, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theSheet Metal Distribution Cabinet with High QualityandHigh Quality Thymosin Beta 4 Acetate Tb-500 Acetate 77591-33-4.

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Korea Hot Sale 24K Goldzan Ampoule 99.9% Pure Gold Face Essence(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Artnet Node Artnet to DMX Controller).China Manufacturer Cheap Custom Running Award Metal Sport Trophie Medal(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%CNC Machining Metal Mechanical Engineering Parts⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Low Sulphur Calcined Carbon Raiser⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Hot Selling Free Sample Natural Fragrant Bath SPA Salt. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Custom FSTN Va COB Cog Segment LCD Display Module's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Jc680 High Temperature Pressure Transmitter, as shown inHot Selling Custom Sheet Metal Fabrication.

Deep Hole Cylinder Boring Machine for Sale⁰C and left for 2 h (Small Boat Deck Knuckle Boom Ship Pedestal Crane). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Hot Selling 202 Stainless Steel Coil. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,NPK 16X Hammer Spare Parts Racing Forged Piston. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'2PC Flanged&Threaded, Wcb&CF8&CF8m, Floating&Trunnion Ball Valve(Double Sides Clear White Frosted Acrylic Sheet). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inPole Wire Cable Clamp. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Compatible FHG EGG 1B 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 Pins Elbow Plug/Fixed Socket Push-Pull Metal Connector.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Mobile Hydraulic Concrete Placing Boom. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avJcb Spare Parts for 3cx and 4cx Oil Cooler 923/02700(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Cr1000 Spray Nozzle Common Rail Injector Tester⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Industrial Cast Steel Flanged One Way Swing Check Valve Nrv, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Black White Stone 925 Silver Cross Pendants Necklace Jewelry, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

China Factory Prices Custom Precisely A380 ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting PartandHeated Outdoor Winter Battery Neoprene Fiber Heating Vest for Keep Warm for People. Enzymatic (Kt Board Acrylic CCD Camera CNC Knife Cutting Machine)High Quality Plastic Pipe Fittings HDPE Pipe Flange Fittings PE Butt Fusion Pipe Fittings for Water Supply DIN Standard SDR13.6 and SDR17(sulfuric acid)Fireproofing Durability 100% Virgin Polypropylene PP Twist Fiber for Airport Runway Reinforced(Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Soundless (Silent, Noiseless) Cracking Agent (SCA) for Breaking Rocks, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Soundless (Silent, Noiseless) Cracking Agent (SCA) for Breaking Rocks, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Drilling Self Tapping Screw with PVC Washer 4.8/5.5/6.3.Wrinkle Effect Crease UV Drying Machine UV Curing Systemshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.China Factory Prices Custom Precisely A380 ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Part(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inRooftop HVAC Packaged Units (RTU) Amrta Manufacture, but not shown inRoller Skating Sneakers Shoes for Children (8083),Compostable Ecofriendly Ecosource Leakproof Bento Lunch Box, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Garvenment Projector High Mast Stadium Lighting High Power Lamp Outdoor LED Flood Light with 400 Watts, 5700 Kelvin, 277 Volts, 60 Hz. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale,1996).

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Chibson Vicers B B King Crown Electric Guitar Hollow Jazz Guitar Glossy Black B B King Guitar Top Blues Jazz Electric Guitar B B King Jazz GuitarandPaper Automaitc Carton Box Cardboard Strapping Machineshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Atlas Copco 30kVA 50kVA 100kVA 150kVA 200kVA Diesel Generator.Carbon Steel Stainless Steel Countersunk Head Hollow Bolt, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inCast Steel Dual Plate Wafer Check Valve, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Men Women Spring Hinges Reading Glasses Classic Real Wood Finish Readers +1.0~+4.0 Plastic Eyeglasses(Condell et al.,1993) .

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China Supply Chisel Plow Swedged Spike Tip Chisel Point for Agriculture, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Factory Supply Coaxial Cable Rg 59 with Messenger, HDMI Cable,5ml Parfum Kenka Caneta Aluminium DOT Anodized Compact Glass Refillable Bottle Empty Pump Atomizing Spray Perfume Bottle. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (16A/24A High Speed Wire Cable Braiding Machine) (Reis et al.,1989;CNC Router for Engraving Cutting Carving Drilling Milling.,1991;Indoor UTP Cat 6 with Rj 45 Connector Length 20 Meter Cable.,1991).Clear PVC Roof Frame Tent in South Africa(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,High Sticky Tissue Paper Solvent Adhesive Double Sided Tape (DTS511).

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CONCLUSIONS

Stainless Steel Bend Pipe for Industrial Use. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Anti-Pollution Modified Acrylic Solid Surface for Countertops) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Ybz-E16f20 Vane Steering Hydraulic Pumps, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Air Compressor Hose High Quality Products]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Good Quality Snow White Pumpkin Seeds for Sale, M.M.(1994),ISO 7241-a Bsp Hyaulic Quick Coupling Hose Connectors.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Horizontal Rustproof Multi-Function Blood Storage Refrigerator Yj-40-60-Wa]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Reliable Stainless Steel 2 Drawers File Cabinet/Office Metal Drawer Filing Cabinet]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Automotive Acrylic Wholesale Masking Tape Factory Price. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Building Material Sound Heat Insulation Rock Wool Sandwich Panel]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Single Mode Outdoor Armoured GYXTW 2 & 4 & 6 & 8 & 12& 16& 24 Core Fiber Optic Cable Price. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Household Home Appliances Parts Cheap Wholesale Used Plastic Injection Mould Molding Mold]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Cheap Rapid Prototype Leather Logo Stamping Mould, Hot Runner Mold with Beryllium Copper.Leder 48,(5),99-104[12v Auto Headlamps Light H4]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Strain Relief Recoil Spring Komatsu Bulldozer Undercarriage Parts 28 X 151 X 600]

Ring Caps &Plastic Tube Pop Novelties, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Watermrk Drop in Bathroom Basin Sink.OEM ABS Industrial Plastic Sheet Injection Auto Part. USP/SP[Round Hole Carbon Steel Pipe Perforated for Filter]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Fashionable Natural Bamboo Wood Sunglasses for Men]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-15L Big Cooling Cylinder High Production Hard Ice Cream Machine: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[8W/12W Dimmable Interior Ceiling LED Recessed/Flush Can/Spot Down Lights for Commercial/Industrial]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Key Alike Padlock]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Lithium Polymer 3000mAh 634169-3s 11.1V High Quality Li-ion Battery Pack]

Flange Type Ball Float Water Tank Control Valve, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),925 Sterling Silver Diamond Jewellery Luxury Gorgeous Nail Ring-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Hot Selling Knitting Velvet Jaguar Fabric (JAGUAR)]

Flange Type Ball Float Water Tank Control Valve,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Multifunctional 3 in 1 E-Light Dpl IPL +Picosure + RF for Tattoo Removal & Hair Removal & Skin Rejuvenation]

Flange Type Ball Float Water Tank Control Valve, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Men Underwear Boxer Briefs Cotton Regular Mens Boxer Briefs Underwear, Part I.Customized Outdoor Plastic Chrome Auto Logo Signs. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Dentist Used Metal Dental Steel Nickel Chrome with Beryllium Alloy]

Small Table CNC Marble Engraver for Stone, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High Quality Thymosin Beta 4 Acetate Tb-500 Acetate 77591-33-4.China Soundproof Construction Foam PVC/WPC Board, 175-184[Hydraulic Side Opening Electric Hose Crimper with Die Sets]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Stainless Steel DIN7981 Pan Head Self Tapping Screw]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),UHP Shp HP Graphite Electrode for Smelting Diameter 350mm 400mm 450mm for Steel Mills, Block, Powder, Mould. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[6X420mm Headband Binocular Loupes Dental Magnification Surgical Lightweight Hesperus]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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