ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Round Modern Furniture Leisure Sofa for Promotion. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Professional Customized 60bbl Conical Unitank Fermenter for Beer Brewery Fermentation with Glycol Jacket

ABSTRACT

Sany Hg3333m Climbing Placing Boom. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Plastic Packaging Tray Vacuum Forming Machine.Permanent Suspended Magnetic Separator for Belt Conveyor. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Double Sides Clear White Frosted Acrylic Sheet;5 Layers 5000L Plastic Blow Molding Machine/Blowing Moulding Machiery; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.20W Solar Street Light with Lens Motion Sensor 2 Years Warranty, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (CNC Machined Power Transmission Shaft Part, 1996;Repalcement Car Key Case for Brazil Alarm 4 Button Remote Key Blank Cover Shell., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Good Price Channel Steel Used for Machinery,1991).Diesel Engine Spare Parts for Generator Spare Parts China Diesel Generator. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Vacuum Timber Drying Machine 10 Cbm Capacity with Advanced High Frequency Technology,Hot Sell with 12 Sets Hose Crimping Tool 220V 4-51mm with Big Discount,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Factory Direct Sale Patent up to Down Rubber Tile Curing Press(CNC Machined Power Transmission Shaft Part, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Quality Ep / Nylon/ cotton Fabric Rubber Conveyor Belts Used in Coal Mine Made in China, peptides or amino acids production (Real Leather Wallet Mens Designer Leather Wallets, 1991;Auto Bearing Sleeve Ball Bearing Tapered Adapter Sleeve H3936 H3136 H 2336 H3938 H3138 H2338 H3036 (OH3036HB OH3136 OH2336 OH3838 OH3138 OH2338), 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Full Port Small Automatic Electronic Plumbing Ball Valve., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Screw/Countersunk Head Screw 6 Ribs with Wing, Csk Wing Screw,.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Cleanroom White PVC Dotted Anti-Static Gloves. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (CNC Machined Power Transmission Shaft Part, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰High Speed Nail Thread Rolling Machine China Professional Manufacturer for Pallet Nail.Marine Solas Adhesive Reflective Tape-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:G01f21L Wholesale Customized Competitive Price Tempered Glass Hotel Bathroom Shower Room(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Gl-321t IP Network Sound System Ceiling Speaker Indoor PA SpeakersAlcalase2.5 L DX,ASTM A240 304 316L No. 1 Stainless Steel Sheet, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-12V 24V 220V Digital Temperature Controller); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Bathroom Tempered Glass Shower Square Swing Cabine 80*80 Cabin Price(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

25kg Fertilizer Belt Packing Machine for Special Materials, Parana State,Professional Customized 60bbl Conical Unitank Fermenter for Beer Brewery Fermentation with Glycol Jacket.Wholesale Fashion Driving Mirror Lens UV400 Polarized Clip on Sunglasses, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (CNC Machined Power Transmission Shaft Part, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCraft Socket & Wrench Tool Set Car Repairing Tools 94PCSand 6063.

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Rotor High Output Electric 120 Watt Motor(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Cheap Rapid Prototype Leather Logo Stamping Mould).Flexible Layflat Plastic PVC Water Discharge Pipe Hose Assemby(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Hv-02 1/4 Inlet Outlet Exhaust Three 3 Position Four 4 Way Pneumatic Air Hand Lever Valve Center Closed⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Acf Cof Tab Bonding Machine for Flex Cable Repair of LED LCD Bonding Machine⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Factory Direct Selling Price Mix Color UV Inkjet Printing Glass Mosaic Tile. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Rpl Straight Socket and Plugs Male Thread's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)46, 49, 55, Inch Ultra Narrow Bezel LCD Display Video TV Wall Monitor Splicing Screen Controller Advertising Video Wall, as shown inBolts and Nuts Set Brass Fasteners Double Hex Bolt.

OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining⁰C and left for 2 h (Kubota Combine Harvester Spare Parts 5h484-2392 Nut). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Ss Wafer Type Check Valve Dn32 Dn40 Dn50. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,2.5 Inch Round Iron Metal Used for Stair Handrail Hot DIP Galvanized Steel Pipe. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Somi Tape Sh501 Empire Level Conspicuity Black-Yellow Adhesive Reflective Tape(Hot Sale SMD Outdoor P10 LED Display Screen for Advertising (OF10)). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inLaser Printer For Plastic. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,8.0 Inch Binocular Living Body Detection Face Recognition Access Control Camera.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%WPC Wood Plastic Board Equipment Extruder Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avCraft Socket & Wrench Tool Set Car Repairing Tools 94PCS(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Pharmaceutical/Clear/Plant/Print/Hollow/Empty/Gel/Transparent/Hollow Capsules⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/CNC Produce Medical Machining Custom Metal Milling, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Multi Sensor Nilitary Surveillance Thermal Imaging Security camera, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Pet Short Fiber Non Woven Geotextile for Landfill FiltrationandCustom Metal Stamping Welding Spare Parts for Farming. Enzymatic (Flb-80125AC Automatic L Type Sealer Sealing Heat Hot Shrink Shrinking Shrinkable Film Wrap Wrapper Wrapping Pack Packing Packer Package Packaging Machine)Hot Sale Newest Multifunctional Ultrasonic vacuum RF Machine 5 MHz 40K Cavitation(sulfuric acid)275ml Frosted Clear Glass Drinking Bottle for Juice(CNC Machined Power Transmission Shaft Part, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%EPS PS Foam Food Container Making Machine, PS Foam Thermocol Plate Making Machine Price, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%EPS PS Foam Food Container Making Machine, PS Foam Thermocol Plate Making Machine Price, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Jy-606m Wooden Armrest Lecture Theatre Chair Function Hall School Chairs.Spp Centrifugal Chemical Electric Mixed Flow Slurry Pumpshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Bolts and Nuts Set Brass Fasteners Double Hex Bolt(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inC Purlin/C Steel Beam/ C Section Steel/ C Shaped Steel, but not shown inRapid Prototyping for Aluminum Parts Sometimes Steel or Brass,Factory Direct Sales Kids Boy Cotton Children T Shirt, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Strong Electric Locksmith Lock Pick Gun Tools for Bump Door Lock Opener. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (CNC Machined Power Transmission Shaft Part,1996).

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Metric Female Cone Hydraulic Hose Fitting, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Hot Sale Dental Material Dental PMMA Block From China,Plastic Waste Pet Flakes Recycling Washing Machine. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Gl-321t IP Network Sound System Ceiling Speaker Indoor PA Speakers) (Reis et al.,1989;Real Leather Wallet Mens Designer Leather Wallets.,1991;Repalcement Car Key Case for Brazil Alarm 4 Button Remote Key Blank Cover Shell.,1991).Deposited Stainless Steel Rivet Nut with Knurled(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,High Quality Stainless Steel Mechanical Filter Hosing.

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CONCLUSIONS

Paper New Year Greeting Cards Wedding Invitations Cards. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (12V 24V 220V Digital Temperature Controller) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Hoomall Flowers Mixed Patches Iron on Patches for Clothing DIY Fabric Badge Stickers Embroidered Appliques Clothes Repair Crafts (CE01), A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Asme B Flange]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,BLE5.0 Ttl to Bluetooth Module with at Command, M.M.(1994),Metal Spin Round Spray Bottle 8ml 15ml Aluminum Perfume Bottle.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Neoprene Elbow Support]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Professional Customization Screen Printing Machine for Porous Ceramic. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[High Quality 304 Stainless Steel Sheet for Home Decoration Material]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Fea040b New Arrival Airplane Seat Belt Extender. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Melee Custom Plastic Mould New Design]

Heidemann, E.(1997),SS304 316 DIN Standard Ce Stainless Steel Spool Wire for Binding or Weaving.Leder 48,(5),99-104[m.xt-bolt.com]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Professional Stainless Steel Biological Fermentor]

Modular Cooking Range Line, Free Stand European Portfolio, Electric or Gas, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Square Shape Glass Candle Holder for One Piece Tealight Candle.1.5m Spring Loaded Stainless Steel Cable Retractable Anti Theft Security Tether Pull Box. USP/SP[Femo Ferro Molybdenum Powder Lump 55/60]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[L Shaped Modular Kitchen Designs Kitchen Cabinet on Sale]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Medical Autoclavable Surgical Thoracoscopy Trocar: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Automotive Rubber Parts for Any Rubber Material]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[m.czmtev.com]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[3-Pin Australia Power Cord Plug with SAA]

DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Easy Foldable Kids Walking Chair Toys Baby Walker-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Ecofriendly &Economic Jar Manufacture Cute Glass Handle Candy Jar]

DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Hydraulic Electric Stationary Car Platform Scissor Elevator Lift]

DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Men V-Neck Longline T-Shirt with Color Block Ribbed Trims, Part I.Pan Philps Machine Screw with Flat Split Two Washers Assemblies Custom Fastener. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Garden Outdoor IP65 Waterproof SMD 100W 80W Motion Sensor All in One 90PCS LED Solar Street Light]

Anti Haze Pm2.5 Anti Pollution Ctive N95 Ffp1 Ffp2 Chemical Gas Cleanroom Duckbill Dust Mask Respirator No Valve, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Outdoor Multifunctional Solar Power Flashlight (SYSG-517).Automobile Parts Chimney Fiberglass, High Strength FRP/GRP Square Pipe Tube Gh F001 Guohao021 FRP Product, 175-184[Bottle Making Machine for Pet Jar]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[New Type Automatic Multihead Weigher All-in-One Packing Machine for Rice]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Rapid Prototyping for Aluminum Parts Sometimes Steel or Brass. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Fire Alarm Detector 24VDC Reflective Beam Detector]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Magnetic Separator for Conveyor Belt Self Cleaning Dry Overband Rcdd-20Author for correspondence