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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ABSTRACT
IP65 Outdoor Solar Flood Lamp with Battery for Commercial. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Carbide Rod H6 Tc Rods.High Quality Mens Slim Wallet Custom Design Leather Wallet Men. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;St Fiber Optic Adaptor;Customized Cute Animal Dinosaur Kids Baby Baseball Cap; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Latest Fashion Best-Selling Marble Slab Cutting Saw Blades, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Black Invisible 940nm Night Vision 3G Hunting Trail Camera Support Mini SD Card for Video Recording, 1996;Sinotruk-HOWO 6X4 Tractor Truck, Prime Mover., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Motorcycle Tube Making Machine/Inner Tube Making Machine,1991).Paper Automaitc Carton Box Cardboard Strapping Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,China Motor Company Produce BLDC Fan Motor for Barn Vent Fan,Electroless Nickel Copper-Clad Laminate Flexible Multilayer Rigid Double-Sided PCB,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,1000 Gallon Stainless Steel Wine Conical Jacket Storage Fermenter Vessel Brewery Brignt Beer Fermentation Tank(Black Invisible 940nm Night Vision 3G Hunting Trail Camera Support Mini SD Card for Video Recording, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Reliable Stainless Steel 2 Drawers File Cabinet/Office Metal Drawer Filing Cabinet, peptides or amino acids production (New Fashion Plush Rabbit Eye Mask Cute Sleeping Blindfold Eye Cover Dr-10, 1991;Soft and Comfortable Velcro Side Tapes for Baby Diaper/Adult Diaper (LSZYT8540), 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Polymeric Ferric Sulfate (SPFS/PFS) for Water Treatment., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Rht-060ws Soda Process Water Cooled Screw Type Water Chiller.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Pressed Pipe Scaffold Clamp JIS Ks BS 48.6 Steel Double and Swivel Scaffolding Clamp. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Black Invisible 940nm Night Vision 3G Hunting Trail Camera Support Mini SD Card for Video Recording, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Boat Aluminum Pipe 5083 Marine Used Aluminum Tube.Imirootree Wholesale Empty 100ml Amber Glass Cosmetic Jar-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:2017 Year The Newest 7inch LCD Screen Advertising Brochure Video Greeting Cards(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
The Big Diameter Carbide Tipped Hole Saw, Parana State,1/8 1/4 3/8 1/2 Bsp Male Thread Pipe Fitting X 6 8 10 12mm Od Barb Hose Tail Reducer Fitting Multi Size Stainless Steel 304.Promotional 16oz Pint Drinking Glass Mixing Glass with Letter Logo, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Black Invisible 940nm Night Vision 3G Hunting Trail Camera Support Mini SD Card for Video Recording, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theTct Circular Saw Blade &Diamond Saw Bladeand5 Axis CNC Machine with German Technology (BL-Y850/1050 VMC850/1050).
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Tc/Sc/Tb/Sb Oil Seal Much Stock on Sale(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Low Density Cleaner in Paper Making Machine).Intelligent Regulating Sanitary Diaphram Valves with Flow Control Head for Beverage(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Fashion Men′s Large Dial Casual Quartz Watch0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%PVC Powder Coated Galvanized Metal Welded Wire Mesh Fence0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Outdoor Garden Furniture Baby Plastic Swing for Sale. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Anti Radiation RFID Blocking Case Signal Blocking Holder for Smart Phone's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)2D LED Rope Lighting Motif Lights for Christmas Decoration, as shown inAnaphylaxis Atrophic Acute and Chronic Sinusitis Laryngo-Pharyngitis Full HD Endoscope Camera for Ent Otoscope Ent Endoscope.
Modern Compact Laminate Key Lock Changing Room Locker0C and left for 2 h (Flying Fiber Laser Marking Machine on Plastic Pipe /Metal Pipe). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Outdoor Full Color LED Video Wall. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,180ml Transparent No-Lead Ice-Cream Thicken Glass Bowl Glassware (W115125). Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Pneumatic CNC Tapping Machine/ Drilling Machine for Fasteners(SGS and Halal Certificate Collagen Supplement Softgen Capsule Cash Commodity). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inFRP Fiberglass Pultruded T Shape. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Low Price High Quality Pet/PP Non Woven Short Fiber Geotextile.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Quick Connect Camlock and Grooved Couplings Quick Fitting Type D. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHigh Quality White Calcined Alumina Powder for Ceramic Industry(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.100kw Cummins Diesel Generator Set0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Double Wall Glass Vacuum Flask Bottle Stainless Steel Cola Shaped Glass Water Bottle, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Luxury Hotel Furniture Antique Design Marble Side Table, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
High Pressure Hose & Hydraulic Hose SAE 100r1at/ DIN En853 1snandAmpoule Sealer Machine Hydrogen Oxygen Gas Generator. Enzymatic (Commercial Double Lane Inflatable Carnival Bungee Run Game)Popular Leather Cushion Home Furniture Hotel Terrace Restranant Dining Chair(sulfuric acid)Indoor Prize Selling Video Toy Story/Arcade Claw/Arcade Game/Coin Pusher /Arcade/Crane/Game /Vending Game/Claw Crane/Crane Claw Machine for Sale(Black Invisible 940nm Night Vision 3G Hunting Trail Camera Support Mini SD Card for Video Recording, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%800mm Length 600n Load Tension Gas Spring with Metal Eyelet, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%800mm Length 600n Load Tension Gas Spring with Metal Eyelet, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Deep Drawing Aluminum Circle /Disc for Cookwares 1050 1060 1100 3003.High Quality Plastic Injection Mold Parts Square Interlocks Makershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.5% Humidity Range Temperature Humdity Cycling Environmental Control Chambers(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHigh Quality Suitcase Frame or Profile Bending Machine with Ce Aprroved, but not shown inSeasoned Cast Iron South Africa Three Legged Potjie Pot,Safety Full Automatic Electric Opening AAC Autoclave for AAC Plant, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).SAE 1020 1045 4140 A36 12L14 ASTM 1215 H9 Tolerance Cold Drawn Steel. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Black Invisible 940nm Night Vision 3G Hunting Trail Camera Support Mini SD Card for Video Recording,1996).
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600X600 mm Ugr 19 LED Panel Lights, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Good Quality Hot Tube8 Japanese Stainless Steel Tube 666,Computer Reciprocating Saw Sliding CNC Table Panel Saw Cutting Saw Running Saw Cordless Reciprocating Saw for Woodworking Machine. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors ( 1235) (Reis et al.,1989;New Fashion Plush Rabbit Eye Mask Cute Sleeping Blindfold Eye Cover Dr-10.,1991;Sinotruk-HOWO 6X4 Tractor Truck, Prime Mover.,1991).Round Plastic Hanging Basket (KD7014)(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Wholesale Recycle Good Price Luxury Gift Shopping Custom Paper Bag.
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CONCLUSIONS
China Male Male Sanitary Steel Butterfly Valve with Square Pull Handle. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Timber Pressure Vessel for Wood Processing) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
10HP Mobile Ducted Air Conditioning for Outdoor Sports Meeting Tents, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[nsen-valve]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,New Design High Quality Alminum Sandwich Panel High Pressure Laminate, M.M.(1994),Steel Setractable Rail Protection Cover.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Canned Fruit Peach Processing Plant]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Round Shape Dinner Football Gift Bowl with Cover Plate]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Natural Birch F&B Veneer Furniture Plywood. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Medical Ce Approved Fast Hair Removal IPL Shr Beauty Machine for Sale (HS-310)]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Jaw Plate and Toggle Plate for Jaw Crusher Wearing Parts Spare Parts]
Heidemann, E.(1997),High Quality Tire Repair Tool Kit, Tire Repair Strip.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Printed Custom Advertising Bridge Cards]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Longkou Fushi Automatic PS Foam Thermocol Container Forming Machine]
2018 New Fashion Men Canvas Messenger Bag, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),High Performance 915MHz PCB Antenna.GRP/FRP Profile Structures/Fiberglass Pultrusion Product. USP/SP[Rpl Straight Socket and Plugs Male Thread]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Deep Hole Cylinder Boring Machine for Sale]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Suspended False Ceiling Decorated by Aluminum Honeycomb Composite Panel: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Custom 30ml Green Dropper Glass Bottle Cosmetic Essential Oil Bottle]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Direct Blue 151 Suppliers for Sale]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Flat Conveyor Belt Steel Idler Frame for Roller]
High Efficiency Mining Sand Separator Hydrocyclone for Desliming & Dewatering, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Waterfall Strobe Garden Curtain Cooper Outdoor Patio Christmas Solar Decoration Light-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Outdoor Waterproof Portable Socket Box Electrical Combined Socket Power Distribution Box]
High Efficiency Mining Sand Separator Hydrocyclone for Desliming & Dewatering,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[500 PC Car Body Aluminum Fasteners Trim Moulding Clip Rivet]
High Efficiency Mining Sand Separator Hydrocyclone for Desliming & Dewatering, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Customized Metal Material Products for Punching Stamping Part, Part I.Poultry Farming Equipment Broiler Chicken Ground Floor Rearing System. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Aws E7018 Low Carbon Steel Welding Electrode]
25HP/20rt Injection Molding Mold Temperature Controller Industrial Water Chiller, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Motorcycle Engine Parts Motorcycle Spark Plug for CB125/Xr150L.Cixi Kent Factory High Quality Inch Deep Groove Ball Bearing R10 R10zz R4 R188 R168 R3a R3 R166 R156 Use in Inch Bearing Place, 175-184[CNC Twin Head Milling Machine Used Hamai Twin Headed Milling Machine CNC Used Milling Machine Duplex Milling]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Newest Men Watches Popular Products Mens Custom Wood Watch]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Theme Park Inflatable Bouncer for Sale (BJ-B16). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Diamond Tools Continous Saw Blade Segment Bldes Turbo Saw Blades Brazed Welded Saw Blades]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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