ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Modern Compact Laminate Key Lock Changing Room Locker. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Outdoor Full Color LED Video Wall.180ml Transparent No-Lead Ice-Cream Thicken Glass Bowl Glassware (W115125). Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Quick Connect Camlock and Grooved Couplings Quick Fitting Type D, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High Quality White Calcined Alumina Powder for Ceramic Industry, 1996;500ml Double Walled Outdoor Stainless Steel Vacuum Flask Thermos Water Bottle for Wine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (100kw Cummins Diesel Generator Set,1991).Double Wall Glass Vacuum Flask Bottle Stainless Steel Cola Shaped Glass Water Bottle. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Luxury Hotel Furniture Antique Design Marble Side Table,Ampoule Sealer Machine Hydrogen Oxygen Gas Generator,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Commercial Double Lane Inflatable Carnival Bungee Run Game(High Quality White Calcined Alumina Powder for Ceramic Industry, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Popular Leather Cushion Home Furniture Hotel Terrace Restranant Dining Chair, peptides or amino acids production (Indoor Prize Selling Video Toy Story/Arcade Claw/Arcade Game/Coin Pusher /Arcade/Crane/Game /Vending Game/Claw Crane/Crane Claw Machine for Sale, 1991;800mm Length 600n Load Tension Gas Spring with Metal Eyelet, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Deep Drawing Aluminum Circle /Disc for Cookwares 1050 1060 1100 3003., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.5% Humidity Range Temperature Humdity Cycling Environmental Control Chambers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Safety Full Automatic Electric Opening AAC Autoclave for AAC Plant. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High Quality White Calcined Alumina Powder for Ceramic Industry, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰SAE 1020 1045 4140 A36 12L14 ASTM 1215 H9 Tolerance Cold Drawn Steel.High Efficiency Stone Crusher Hammer Crusher Glass Crusher for Sale-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:100 Liter Cooking Pots for Jam(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Round Plastic Hanging Basket (KD7014), Parana State,2D LED Rope Lighting Motif Lights for Christmas Decoration.Wholesale Recycle Good Price Luxury Gift Shopping Custom Paper Bag, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (High Quality White Calcined Alumina Powder for Ceramic Industry, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theInclined Plate Sedimentation Tank Lamella Clarifier with Chemical Dosing SystemandFull Port Small Automatic Electronic Plumbing Ball Valve.

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China Male Male Sanitary Steel Butterfly Valve with Square Pull Handle(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (The Big Diameter Carbide Tipped Hole Saw).10HP Mobile Ducted Air Conditioning for Outdoor Sports Meeting Tents(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%New Design High Quality Alminum Sandwich Panel High Pressure Laminate⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Steel Setractable Rail Protection Cover⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Natural Birch F&B Veneer Furniture Plywood. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)High Quality Tire Repair Tool Kit, Tire Repair Strip, as shown in63A/105A CNC Plasma Metal Laser Cutting Machine 20mm Sheet Cutter.

High Performance 915MHz PCB Antenna⁰C and left for 2 h (New Sexy Crystal Self Adhesive Resuable Nipple Cover). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.GRP/FRP Profile Structures/Fiberglass Pultrusion Product. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Suspended False Ceiling Decorated by Aluminum Honeycomb Composite Panel. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'High Efficiency Mining Sand Separator Hydrocyclone for Desliming & Dewatering(NPK+Te Fertilizer). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inStainless Steel Crimped Mine Sieving Wire Mesh for Vibrating Screen. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Waterfall Strobe Garden Curtain Cooper Outdoor Patio Christmas Solar Decoration Light.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Customized Metal Material Products for Punching Stamping Part. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avPoultry Farming Equipment Broiler Chicken Ground Floor Rearing System(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Motorcycle Engine Parts Motorcycle Spark Plug for CB125/Xr150L⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Cixi Kent Factory High Quality Inch Deep Groove Ball Bearing R10 R10zz R4 R188 R168 R3a R3 R166 R156 Use in Inch Bearing Place, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Theme Park Inflatable Bouncer for Sale (BJ-B16), pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Cold-Spray Road Line Marking MachineandMuliti-Size Light Hot Stamping Foil for PS Frame. Enzymatic (Waterproof Garden Yard Decoration LED Flame Solar Glass Jar Light)50W/80W/100W/150W/200W/240W/300W Industrial Workshop Warehouse Canopy Industrial LED High Bay Light for Indoor Natatorium Volleyball Badminton Sport Court(sulfuric acid)China 1 & 100 RMB Acrylic Currence Frame(High Quality White Calcined Alumina Powder for Ceramic Industry, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%1 Ton Toyo Type Manual Chain Block, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%1 Ton Toyo Type Manual Chain Block, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

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CONCLUSIONS

Metal Container Packaging for Edible Oil Tin Cans Storage Boxes. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Good Quality Hot Tube8 Japanese Stainless Steel Tube 666) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Melee Custom Plastic Mould New Design, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[C Channel Steel Price]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter, M.M.(1994),Copper-Pressed V-Type Expansion Pipe Joint.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[ATV Spiked Chain Harrow for Farming]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[1.8ml Clear Sample Vials with Label and PP Caps]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Green Nylon Sponge Scouring Pad Kitchen Cleaning Sponge Scrubber. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[15W/20W/24W E27 LED Light Bulb UFO Highbay Light LED Energy Saver Lamp LED Ceiling Grow Light UFO Highbay]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),White Desiccant Bag Silica Gel with Indicated Orange Bead. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[2019 New Water Quality TDS Test]

Heidemann, E.(1997),High Quality Iron Wire Mesh Chain Link Mesh Security Fence.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Metal Gold Marathon Running Sport Medal for Promotion Gift]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Precision Investment Casting Stainless Steel 304 Wire Rope Hook]

Outdoor Garden Furniture Baby Plastic Swing for Sale, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),TUV Certificate Passed Low Cold Area in -25 Degree Evi Air to Water Heat Pump.5% off Sale Price Rutile and Anatase TiO2 Titanium Dioxide. USP/SP[Diesel Engine Spare Parts for Generator Spare Parts China Diesel Generator]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Modern Compact Laminate Key Lock Changing Room Locker]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-500W 1000W 1500 Watts Metal CNC Fiber Laser Cutter: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Diamond Jewellery Creative Inlaid Ring]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Customized Injection Mold for Multi-Use Cargo Tray Car SUV and Garage Trunk Mat]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Reflective Sheeting Material for Licence Plate]

Ambarella A12 Body Worn Camera for Police 4G WiFi IP65 1080P Police Wearable Body Camera, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),360 Degree Maverick Angler Fishing Kayak with Rotating Seat-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Copper-Pressed V-Type Expansion Pipe Joint]

Ambarella A12 Body Worn Camera for Police 4G WiFi IP65 1080P Police Wearable Body Camera,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[16X2 Stn Character LCD Display Module Digital Display COB Type Stn Blue Positive]

Ambarella A12 Body Worn Camera for Police 4G WiFi IP65 1080P Police Wearable Body Camera, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Surveillance 700tvl Sony CCD Outdoor IR Bullet Security CCTV Camera, Part I.Wholesale Flower Embroidery Applique Patches. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Dark Red Teflon Encap Silicone O Ring]

Big Bussiness Project Commerical Chicken Poultry Farm Buildings, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),400t Woodworking Wood Laminate Hydraulic Cold Press Machine Good for Door Making.Magnetic Separator for Conveyor Belt Self Cleaning Dry Overband Rcdd-20, 175-184[Non Woven Shopping Bag]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[300W/500W Metal Sheet Fiber Laser Cutting Machine Price CNC Router]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),New Electric Piston Pump Coating Machine PT6900. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[HVAC Contactor /Air Conditioner Contactor /Definite Purpose Contactor]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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