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ABSTRACT

Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Interlocking Anti-Fatigue Kitchen Rubber Mat, Kitchen Floor Mat.Bread Box Bamboo Large Capacity Roll Top Bread Holder Cupcake Storage Food Bin for Loaf Pastry Snacks. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.H365 Emas Chainsaw Spares Cylinder Kits, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (PP Woven Bag for Feed, Rice, Corn Feed Bag Rice Bag 10, 25, 50 Kg, 1996;A4 Diploma Covers Wholesale with Silver Foil., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (OEM Activewear Dry Fit Custom Printed Yoga Wear Wholesale Sexy Fitness Gym Sports Yoga Leggings,1991).Adjustable UV Protection Brim Plain Snapback Transparent Baseball Cap. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,120L 240L Oil Universal Chemical Spil Absorbent Kits,Full Prints PU Small Cute Summer Edition Girls′ Kiss Lock Coin Purse,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15(PP Woven Bag for Feed, Rice, Corn Feed Bag Rice Bag 10, 25, 50 Kg, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,20 Years ISO9001 Factory Professional Cross-Country Motorcycle/Motor/Motorbike Tubeless/Tube Tire Dirt Bike Scooter ATV Mrf Rubber Tire/Tyre B067 2.75-21, peptides or amino acids production (8 Pieces Hot Sale OEM&ODM Manufacturer Cruelty-Free Powder Blush Eye Cosmetics Makeup Brush, 1991;Hybrid Inverter Combined MPPT Controller 1-12kw, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;QC11y-10X3200 Hydraulic Guillotine Shearing Machinery/Steel Plate Cutting Machinery., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Genuine Original OEM Kubota/Isuzu/Yanmar/Cummins/Foton/Yto/Omro Products Spare Parts.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Newest Men Watches Popular Products Mens Custom Wood Watch. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (PP Woven Bag for Feed, Rice, Corn Feed Bag Rice Bag 10, 25, 50 Kg, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Accurate Measuring Rulers 3D Lenticular Plastic Rulers.Reusable PLA and Pbat Tea Packing Pouch Supplier in China-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Dental YAG Laser Welding Machine for Gold Silver Metal Jewelry(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

High Purity99.95% Cobalt Oxide, Parana State,Fused Silica Quartz Lump 5-50mm for Refractory Materials.Wood Activated Carbon for Decolorizing in Food Industry with ASTM, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (PP Woven Bag for Feed, Rice, Corn Feed Bag Rice Bag 10, 25, 50 Kg, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theFea040b New Arrival Airplane Seat Belt Extenderand 5g.

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Leather XPE 5D Car Floor /Trunk/ Cargo Mat for Cadillac Car(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Heat Resistant Adhesive Teflon Tape Price High Temperature Teflon Tape).Best-Quality Plywood Automatic CNC Hydraulic 800 T Hot Press Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%8.8 Grade DIN931 DIN933 DIN934 Black Steel Hex Bolts⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Ss Color Insect Fly Proof Aluminium Window Screen Window Protection Net⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Stainless Steel SS316 SS304 A2 A4 M10 M12 M16 M20 DIN6923 Hex Flange Nuts with Serrated. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)6000 Series Anodizing Extrusion Aluminum Tube's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)World-Class Steel Structure Building Warehouse Workshop Stoage (TW1040J), as shown inHot Sale Smoking Accessories Silicone Smoking Pipes Tobacco Hand Pipes with Glass Bowl.

DIN 7/16 L29 Female Low Pim RF Coaxial Load Connector 100W⁰C and left for 2 h (Industrial Cast Steel Flanged One Way Swing Check Valve Nrv). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Tomato Paste Making Machine-Turn Key Solution. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Vegetable Cutter Kitchen Gadget 330ml Mini Size Handy Pull Chopper, String Pulling Food Slicer and Chopper. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Automatic Four Colors Label Screen Printing Machine UV PCB PVC Printing Machine(Biobase China Vertical Type-Double Doors -25º C Freezer for Best Price). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inUltrasonic Thickness Gauge Big LCD Scree for Painting Tester. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,HPMC Similiar to Tylose Powder for Rapid-Set Adhesive.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%NPT Standard Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_ava PU Casting Machine PU Foam Strip Sealing Machine for Cabinets/PU Foam Making Machine/Polyurethane Sealing Strip/PU Gasket Making Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Building Material Sound Heat Insulation Rock Wool Sandwich Panel⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Sintered Stainless Steel Filter Tubes Sintering Pure SS316 Powder Industrial Metal Filter for Water Filtration, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Ltmg Classic Product 6 Ton Wheel Front Loader for Sale, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Digital Converter 110VAC 60Hz to 220VAC 50Hz Sine Wave Frequency InverterandInox Steel Tubes Seamless Pipe 316L 304L Sanitary Ba Tube Mirror. Enzymatic (Chibson Vicers B B King Crown Electric Guitar Hollow Jazz Guitar Glossy Black B B King Guitar Top Blues Jazz Electric Guitar B B King Jazz Guitar)Samsung LTI550HN16 1920X1080P monitor screen LCD video wall(sulfuric acid)Precision Cold Runner Single Cavity Plastic Injection Mould Auto Parts(PP Woven Bag for Feed, Rice, Corn Feed Bag Rice Bag 10, 25, 50 Kg, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Household Family Medical Emergency Electronic Digital Thermometer, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Household Family Medical Emergency Electronic Digital Thermometer, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Die Cast Iron Worm Gear Speed Reduce Gearbox.High Speed HDMI Cable Wholesale HDMI with Ethernetshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.19*15W RGBW Beam DJ Disco Stage Light LED Moving Head Lighting(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in SLA Shoes Prototyping for Auto Accessory, but not shown inPressed Pipe Scaffold Clamp JIS Ks BS 48.6 Steel Double and Swivel Scaffolding Clamp,High Quality Couple Watches Steel Material Gift Watch OEM in China, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Glass Tea Sugar Coffee Storage Jar with Screw Cap. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (PP Woven Bag for Feed, Rice, Corn Feed Bag Rice Bag 10, 25, 50 Kg,1996).

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CNC Milling Machinery Parts From OEM Manufacturer/ Auto Part, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Villa Hotel Luxury Guest Room Decoration Standing Lamp (KA5506-5-195-160 G),Ttp60fras Metal Hard Alloy Tool Carbide Inserts Cutting Hand Tool Machine Tool End Tool Drill Milling Cutter Tungsten Carbide Cutter Carbide Insert. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Stone Cracking Rock Cutting Cement) (Reis et al.,1989;8 Pieces Hot Sale OEM&ODM Manufacturer Cruelty-Free Powder Blush Eye Cosmetics Makeup Brush.,1991;A4 Diploma Covers Wholesale with Silver Foil.,1991).Outdoor HD P5.95 Mobile LED Display Panels with Epistar Lamps(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,120ml Glass Perfume Bottles for Designer Perfume.

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CONCLUSIONS

Agriculture Hay Silage Wrapping Film. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Longkou Fushi Automatic PS Foam Thermocol Container Forming Machine) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Ce Medical Stainless Steel 6 Body Mortuary Refrigerator/Freezer, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Plastic RFID Keyfob NFC Smart Card Tag RFID Tag Door Access Control]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Gc3 Lead Screw Ball Screw with Double Nuts 6000mm Ball Screw for Overhead Crane, M.M.(1994),16oz Insulated Cardboad Cup Sleeve.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[ Corn Feed Bag Rice Bag 10]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[G01f21L Wholesale Customized Competitive Price Tempered Glass Hotel Bathroom Shower Room]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Large Outdoor Simple Gazebo Beer Festival Marquee Tent. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Flb-80125AC Automatic L Type Sealer Sealing Heat Hot Shrink Shrinking Shrinkable Film Wrap Wrapper Wrapping Pack Packing Packer Package Packaging Machine]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),HOWO Tipper Truck Price with Manufacture Factory Price. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Pepper Peanut Sauce Colliod Miller Grinding Machine]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Wood Fireplace Double Skin Chimney Flue Pipes.Leder 48,(5),99-104[hongraygloves.com]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[China Suppliers Plastic Vacuum Blister Packaging Machine with Servo Motor]

New CCTV 4.0MP H. 265+ IR Bullet Waterproof IP Camera, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),High Quality 304 Stainless Steel Sheet for Home Decoration Material.T8 20W LED Grow Tube Supplementary Lighting Lamps for Plant. USP/SP[Factory Price Skin Nourishing Auto Mts Micro Needle Therapy System Rechargeable A1]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[TUV Certificate Passed Low Cold Area in -25 Degree Evi Air to Water Heat Pump]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-LED Rectangular Recessed Linear Lamps for Bank and Car Sale: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Painting Road Marking Vehicles Machine for Sale]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Colorful Cool Mist Humidifier]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[ Wire]

Salon Equipment Hair Clipper, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Flat Conveyor Belt Steel Idler Frame for Roller-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Precision CNC Custom Machining Stainless Steel Aluminum Brass Hardware Parts]

Salon Equipment Hair Clipper,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Beautiful Smile Teeth Whitening Pen with 6% Hydrogen Peroxide Gel]

Salon Equipment Hair Clipper, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:LED UV Curing Machine for UV Cured Floor Coatings TM-LED600-6, Part I.Custom 30ml Green Dropper Glass Bottle Cosmetic Essential Oil Bottle. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Compatible FHG EGG 1B 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 Pins Elbow Plug/Fixed Socket Push-Pull Metal Connector]

Durable TPR Pet Molar Toy with Colorful Rope, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Manufacturer Wholesale Adjustable 2mm 5mm Strong Downlight High Torque Brake Pedal Clutch Clothespin Hook Torsion Spring Clip Light Duty Using Flat Wire Spring.Chromium Oxide Green 99% for Construction and Plastics, 175-184[18mm Red Oak Green Core Chipboard]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[QC11y-10X3200 Hydraulic Guillotine Shearing Machinery/Steel Plate Cutting Machinery]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Zs Round Vibrating Sieve. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[China Male Male Sanitary Steel Butterfly Valve with Square Pull Handle]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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