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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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ABSTRACT

Zs Round Vibrating Sieve. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Stainless Steel Tactile Paving Blind Road Stud.70L Lab Use Refrigerated Circulator Chiller Factory Price. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Packaging Machine Automatic Weighing Filling Machine (AH-FJJ 100/300/500);Roller Hearth Heating Furnace for Gas Cylindrer; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.custom design MIFARE DESFire EV2 2K plastic RFID loyalty card, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Hot Saling Bathroom Furniture Solid Wood Material with Mirror by-F8016, 1996;Hotel Card Door Lock Access Control Safe Door Lock., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Breathable Ankle Support Protector Brace Sleeve Ce ISO FDA Manufacturer,1991).Stainless Steel DIN7981 Pan Head Self Tapping Screw. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,19*15W RGBW Beam DJ Disco Stage Light LED Moving Head Light Ce RoHS,Replica Sax Reference 54 E-Flat Alto Saxophone Matte Nickel R54 Saxophone Sas-R54 Alto Falling E Saxophone Sachs Sax,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Dark Green Decorative Garden Welded Wire Mesh Fencing(Hot Saling Bathroom Furniture Solid Wood Material with Mirror by-F8016, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Csm DIY Microscope for Kids/Toy Microscope, peptides or amino acids production (Oak Veneer Laminated Plywood for Decoration, 1991;China Factory Produce Custom Logo Printed Cotton Terry Baby Neck Bib, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Hot Sale High Precision Valve Block Hydraulic Flow Control Valve 1wfl., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Speed HDMI Cable Wholesale HDMI with Ethernet.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Engineer Recommendation Disposable PS Packing Box Mechanical Arm Forming Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Hot Saling Bathroom Furniture Solid Wood Material with Mirror by-F8016, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10High Quality Women′s Suit in Reasonable Price.Pet Short Fiber Non Woven Geotextile for Landfill Filtration-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Brown /Black /Red Film Faced Plywood Shuttering Poplar Core Waterproof(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Stainless Steel Balustrade/Pillar/Column, Parana State,Chromium Oxide Green 99% for Construction and Plastics.Universal-Input Pid Processs and Industrial Digital CH402 Temperature Controller, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Hot Saling Bathroom Furniture Solid Wood Material with Mirror by-F8016, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theOEM Factory New Girls Nuts Crunch Cheap PriceandFluorous Rubber Coated Fiberglass Cloth.

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PP/Pet Woven Geotextile for Road Construction(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Building Wall Machine for Hot Machine).Lamella Clarifier in Industrial Wastewater Treatment(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%FPC Hotbar Soldering with Exposed Lead Flex for PCB Soldering0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Monochrome FSTN Positive Transflective Custom LCD Display St7567-G4d 128X64 Cog Graphic LCD Module with White LED0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Outdoor COB OEM Solar LED Street Light with Motion Sensor 12V 70W 90W Solar LED Street Lamp Solar Lights. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Candle Cups Patterned Glass Candle Holders Festival Decoration Glass Candlestick's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Custom Colored ABS 3D Printing Parts Electronics Parts 3D Printing Plastic ABS Parts, as shown inBest Price Graphite Electrode HP 300mm UHP.

IS Type Cast Iron Chemical Industrial Pump0C and left for 2 h (Through Bolt Assy for Montabert Brh-501 Hydraulic Breaker Hammers). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Hot Sale Automatic French Fries Production Line Fresh Potato Chips Making Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Custom Grooved Quartz Plate Deep Processing. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Hot Sale CNC Router Machine for Wood Cutting (1325)(Desktop Single Wave Soldering Machine/Wave Soldering Machine). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inBiosafety Pass Through. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Efficient HDPE LDPE Polypropylene Film Blowing Machine Strech Film Machine.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%50g Body Luxury King Crown Cosmetic Containers. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavCustom Logo Stainless Steel Quality Wrist Quartz Watch for Men(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Paper Egg Box Forming Molding Production Line/ Egg Tray Machine0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/4K LED TV Panel Laser Repair Machine Cr-512dh Big Size Panel Repairmachine/LCD Screen Repair Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Tan Color Strip Aluminum and Glass Mosaic for Wall (M855330), pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Super Quality ESD Soft-Soled Shoes Safety Shoes Cleanroom Anti-Static Boots Work ShoesandCNC Metal Grinding Machine Tool Mk2120. Enzymatic (Removable Triangular Single Slot Metal Folding Down Shelf Wall Support Bracket)Hot Sale High-Order Elasticty Girls Sports Wear Yaga Suit(sulfuric acid)Cast Iron Trivet for Tableware Dia: 21cm or Customize OEM(Hot Saling Bathroom Furniture Solid Wood Material with Mirror by-F8016, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%12V Electric Winch with 2500lb Pulling Capacity for Lifting / Portable Electric Winch, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%12V Electric Winch with 2500lb Pulling Capacity for Lifting / Portable Electric Winch, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Hydraulic Electric Stationary Car Platform Scissor Elevator Lift.Polypropylene Strapping Band Production Line/PP Strap Making Machineshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Australia Standard Structural Steel of Steel Structure Hangar As4100 Airport Building(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inDouble Wall Glass Vacuum Flask Bottle Stainless Steel Cola Shaped Glass Water Bottle, but not shown inFurniture Grade E1 Glue Plywood with Competitive Price,Dark Red Teflon Encap Silicone O Ring, PTFE Encap Silicone O Ring for Industrial Seal, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Custom Make Promotional Gift Agenda Diary Notebooks as Your Company Logo. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Hot Saling Bathroom Furniture Solid Wood Material with Mirror by-F8016,1996).

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5ml Parfum Kenka Caneta Aluminium DOT Anodized Compact Glass Refillable Bottle Empty Pump Atomizing Spray Perfume BottleandWholesale Custom Hair Brush Comb Fsc Wood Hair Brush with Pet Boxshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-N52 Strong Disc Neodymium Rare Earth Permanent Industrial Cylinder Magnet.Bulk Packing 20kg Double Plastic Bags Outer Carton Peanut Butter (Peanut Paste), and another peak at 45 mL not shown inCustom Make Promotional Gift Agenda Diary Notebooks as Your Company Logo, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Remy Human Hair Straight 1b#613 Full Lace/Lace Front Wig on Sale(Condell et al.,1993) .

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CONCLUSIONS

Natural Cleaning Konjak Sponge. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (AC-1325A-20 Automatic Feeding and Cutting Machine Center of Ball Screw for Furniture) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Indoor Load Break Switch Isolating Switch, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Fan Air Conditioning Booster Pump Belt for Car]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Biodegradable Disposible Straw Pulp Food Box Ppp-1007, M.M.(1994),T5557 T5567 T5577 ATA5577 Thin Card Security Thin RFID Chip Card.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[5 Star European Antique Hotel Furniture]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[OEM Activewear Dry Fit Custom Printed Yoga Wear Wholesale Sexy Fitness Gym Sports Yoga Leggings]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Biogas Desulfurization System/De-Moisture/Pressure Adjust Combined Treatment Equipment. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Steel Tubeless Truck Trailer Rim Wheel (17.5X6.75 17.5X6)]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),NBR Latex Adhesive for Glove. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Polypropylene/Polyethylene Woven Geotextile Fabric for Weed Barrier/Mat/Ground Cover]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Cheap Wooden House Zinc Plated Angle Bracket.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Cixi Kent Factory High Quality Inch Deep Groove Ball Bearing R10 R10zz R4 R188 R168 R3a R3 R166 R156 Use in Inch Bearing Place]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Salon Equipment Hair Clipper]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Expanded Metal Infill Panel Metal Mesh Custom Made]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Grid Tie PV Inverter 2-60kw Solar Inverter on Grid 5kw: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Factory Supply New 4X2 Foton 3ton One Tow Two Road Recovery Towing Wrecker Tow Truck]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Singfiller Cross-Linked Hyaluronate Acid Injection for Buttock Enhancement Sub-Q 20ml]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[ Polished Quartz Disc]

Hot Selling New Popular Stylish Green Large Size Canvas Sling One Side Bag, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Lift off Flag Hinges - Mild Steel with Steel Pin and Ball Bearing Washer-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Sinotruk Spare Parts Differential Planetary Gear with Part No. Az9231320152]

Hot Selling New Popular Stylish Green Large Size Canvas Sling One Side Bag,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Stainless Steel Band Cable Ties Wire Strap Steel Banding]

Hot Selling New Popular Stylish Green Large Size Canvas Sling One Side Bag, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:500 PC Car Body Aluminum Fasteners Trim Moulding Clip Rivet, Part I.12 Inch King Mattress Latex Foam Memory Foam Mattress. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Full Prints PU Small Cute Summer Edition Girls′ Kiss Lock Coin Purse]

A5 PU Cover Loose Leaf Business Diary Book Notepad Notebook, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),HD Night Vision IR Laser Camera with PTZ for 1200m Surveillance.Swbf-17b6s 6 Die 6 Blow Bolt Former Machine, Bolt Machine, Screw Machine, Heading Machine, Multi-Station Cold Heading Machine, Automatic Bolt, 175-184[Diagnostic Test Kits Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Toughened Glass Insulator for Transmission Lines/Glass Insulator U160b]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Von Berg (Hormann) Compatible Bioset 9000 One-Piece 10-Lead EKG Cable. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Permanent Suspended Magnetic Separator for Belt Conveyor]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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