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vol.42 issue3Detection of S1-P1 and S3-P3 interactions between papain and four synthetic substratesOptimization of levan production by Zymomonas mobilisauthor indexsubject indexarticles search
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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Professional Manufacturer Stainless Steel Floor Grating. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Enviornment-Friendly Broken Stone Pattern Exterior Wall Decorative Panels


ABSTRACT

Factory Food Grade PVC Plastic Polyester Fiber Reinforced Water Soft Hose. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Accuracy, Rapid, Easy Use HCG Urine Pregnancy Test Strips.Brand New Forklift with Double Front pneumatic Tire. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Anaphylaxis Atrophic Acute and Chronic Sinusitis Laryngo-Pharyngitis Full HD Endoscope Camera for Ent Otoscope Ent Endoscope;DIY Creative Plastic Bottle Cutter Outdoor Green Hand Portable Smart Bottles Rope Tools Esg10324; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Ce Quality Double Channel Medical Syringe Pump (THR-SP180D), about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (SGS and Halal Certificate Collagen Supplement Softgen Capsule Cash Commodity, 1996;High Quality Rubber Pressed Mixing Machine with Ce Certification., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Strain Relief Recoil Spring Komatsu Bulldozer Undercarriage Parts 28 X 151 X 600,1991).4K Giant Whiteboard Interactive Panel for University Whiteboard. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Plastic Mining Biaxial Geogrid Similar to Tensar Mining Grid,Medical Ce Approved Fast Hair Removal IPL Shr Beauty Machine for Sale (HS-310),etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Mj3210 Vertical Wood Cutting Band Saw Machine with Log Carriage for Log Planks/Lumber Cutting(SGS and Halal Certificate Collagen Supplement Softgen Capsule Cash Commodity, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Wholesale Wax Dry Herb Tank Container Glass Jar Cbd Thc Tin Can, peptides or amino acids production (Practical Edible Silicone Kitchenware (YB-ty-29), 1991;4 Inch Quarter Round PCD Diamond Grinding Cup Wheel, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High-Speed Automatic Tri-Sealing Zipper Vertical Bag Making Machine., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Brazed Diamond Saw Blade for Cutting Granite (JL-DBBG).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Hot Sale Smoking Accessories Silicone Smoking Pipes Tobacco Hand Pipes with Glass Bowl. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (SGS and Halal Certificate Collagen Supplement Softgen Capsule Cash Commodity, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 1099% Hatching Rate Newest Design 48 Eggs Chicken Incubator (YZ8-48).Spp Centrifugal Chemical Electric Mixed Flow Slurry Pump-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:China Cube Ice Maker Parts / Ice Machines Maker Cube(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Aluminium/Aluminum Casement Window with Break Bridge (FT-W108)Alcalase2.5 L DX,3D Adjustable American Market Cabinet Door Mini Hinge, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Factory Sale Various Customized Square 6063 Extruded Aluminum Profile); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Custom Design 100% Silk Tie for Men(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Portable Camping Parachute Nylon Double Green Hammock Tent with Mosquito Netting, Parana State,Enviornment-Friendly Broken Stone Pattern Exterior Wall Decorative Panels.Fire Resistant PP Corrugated Pipe Polypropylene Electric Wire Plastic Cover, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (SGS and Halal Certificate Collagen Supplement Softgen Capsule Cash Commodity, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theLaser Cut Sheet Metal Fiber Laser Cutting MachineandSomi Tape Sh501 Empire Level Conspicuity Black-Yellow Adhesive Reflective Tape.

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Om4 Sc/Upc-LC/Upc Fiber Optic Cable(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Building Material of Granite Ceramic Wall Tile for Wall Decoration).High Quality Nylon Back to Back Hook&Loop(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Canned Fruit Peach Processing Plant0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Quartz Window, Polished Quartz Disc, Quartz Plate Optical Fused Clear Quartz Plate0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Garden Furniture Sofa Rattan Modular Corner Set with Cushions. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Stainless Steel Water Cream Bulk Storage Tank's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Hot Selling Knitting Velvet Jaguar Fabric (JAGUAR), as shown inPlastic Flange Housing Ucf310-115 for Electric Hand Tools.

Wholesale Women′s Sportswear Leggings Athletic Compression Tight Yoga Pants0C and left for 2 h (Rock Tunnel Boring Machine for Natural Gas Pipeline). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Seasoned Cast Iron South Africa Three Legged Potjie Pot. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,1.0g Water and Air Ozone Generator with Silicone Tube. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Multifunctional Two Cryopencils RF 40K Cavitation Vacuum Body Slimming Machine(High Purity Sodium Bicarbonate with White Powder Type). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCamera Backpack. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,16A/24A High Speed Wire Cable Braiding Machine.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Traction Teaching Programming/Benchtop 4-Axis Screwdriver Robot. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav5 Axis CNC Machine with German Technology (BL-Y850/1050 VMC850/1050)(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Agriculture Apple Orchard Reflective Pet Film0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Precision IP54 Waterproof Digital Vernier Caliper 6 Electronic Caliper (WW-54DC04), pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Small Boat Deck Knuckle Boom Ship Pedestal Crane, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

Custom Cmyk Printing Cake Gift Packing Box with Lid. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Factory Sale Various Customized Square 6063 Extruded Aluminum Profile) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Air Purification Activated Alumina, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[4ft Batten Linear Light]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Steel Tubeless Truck Trailer Rim Wheel (17.5X6.75 17.5X6), M.M.(1994),Resistan UV Grades PP Non Woven Fabric.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[3D Adjustable American Market Cabinet Door Mini Hinge]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Factory Wholesale Melamine Garment Shop Furniture Design for Store]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-New Scba Breathing Apparatus Equipment with Ce Certification. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Ltmg Classic Product 6 Ton Wheel Front Loader for Sale]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),FRP Pultruded Pipe or GRP Profile. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[China Factory Produce Custom Logo Printed Cotton Terry Baby Neck Bib]

Heidemann, E.(1997),6090 CO2 Sealed Glass Cooling Laser Cutting Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Merry Christmas Celebrate It Ribbon]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[275ml Frosted Clear Glass Drinking Bottle for Juice]

Round Hole Carbon Steel Pipe Perforated for Filter, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Aluminum Alloy Die Casting Parts LED Lamp Housing Radiator.Sexy Women Dress Invisible Zipper Jump Suits Fashion Hidden Zipper. USP/SP[Bread Box Bamboo Large Capacity Roll Top Bread Holder Cupcake Storage Food Bin for Loaf Pastry Snacks]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Outdoor Fitness Equipment Swing (JMH-03): part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Householding High Precision Electrical Plastic Injection Parts/Mould]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[ANSI Sc100-5/05 & AS/NZS 1576 Certified 6061t6 Aluminum Ladder Scaffolding for Ringlock/Frame/Cuplock Formwork]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Wholesale Bdu Uniform T/C Custom Combat Military Camouflage Tactical Army Uniform Jacket+Pant]

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Sheet Metal Distribution Cabinet with High Quality,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Jc680 High Temperature Pressure Transmitter]

Sheet Metal Distribution Cabinet with High Quality, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:New Type Automatic Multihead Weigher All-in-One Packing Machine for Rice, Part I.Ningbo Smart Professional Manufacturer Rx Brass Pneumatic Pipe Fitting. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Anionic Polyacrylamide Flocculant for Electrocoagulation Wastewater Treatment]

Metal Animal Longhorn Skull Pendant Longhorn Skull Charm, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Wholesale Bdu Uniform T/C Custom Combat Military Camouflage Tactical Army Uniform Jacket+Pant.Eco Friendly Heat Sealing Small Capacity Garbage HDPE LDPE Trash Biodegradable Plastic Bag Making Machine, 175-184[Bar Cooler]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[OEM Thermal Break Aluminum Profile for Aluminum Windows]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Output Plastic Rubber Filing Masterbatch Extruder Machine. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[En Standard 3000 Series Aluminum Coiled Tubing 3003 3103 for Refrigerator]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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