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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
M Type Metallic Yarn Lurex Yarn Embroidery Yarn
ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Luxury Hotel Furniture Antique Design Marble Side Table. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Ampoule Sealer Machine Hydrogen Oxygen Gas Generator
ABSTRACT
Commercial Double Lane Inflatable Carnival Bungee Run Game. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Popular Leather Cushion Home Furniture Hotel Terrace Restranant Dining Chair.Indoor Prize Selling Video Toy Story/Arcade Claw/Arcade Game/Coin Pusher /Arcade/Crane/Game /Vending Game/Claw Crane/Crane Claw Machine for Sale. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;800mm Length 600n Load Tension Gas Spring with Metal Eyelet;Deep Drawing Aluminum Circle /Disc for Cookwares 1050 1060 1100 3003; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.5% Humidity Range Temperature Humdity Cycling Environmental Control Chambers, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Safety Full Automatic Electric Opening AAC Autoclave for AAC Plant, 1996;SAE 1020 1045 4140 A36 12L14 ASTM 1215 H9 Tolerance Cold Drawn Steel., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (High Efficiency Stone Crusher Hammer Crusher Glass Crusher for Sale,1991).100 Liter Cooking Pots for Jam. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Food Grade Customized Metal Candy Can Square Mint Tin Box,600X600 mm Ugr 19 LED Panel Lights,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Good Quality Hot Tube8 Japanese Stainless Steel Tube 666(Safety Full Automatic Electric Opening AAC Autoclave for AAC Plant, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Computer Reciprocating Saw Sliding CNC Table Panel Saw Cutting Saw Running Saw Cordless Reciprocating Saw for Woodworking Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Round Plastic Hanging Basket (KD7014), 1991;Wholesale Recycle Good Price Luxury Gift Shopping Custom Paper Bag, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;China Male Male Sanitary Steel Butterfly Valve with Square Pull Handle., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.10HP Mobile Ducted Air Conditioning for Outdoor Sports Meeting Tents.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-New Design High Quality Alminum Sandwich Panel High Pressure Laminate. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Safety Full Automatic Electric Opening AAC Autoclave for AAC Plant, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Steel Setractable Rail Protection Cover.Natural Birch F&B Veneer Furniture Plywood-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
High Quality Tire Repair Tool Kit, Tire Repair StripAlcalase2.5 L DX,High Performance 915MHz PCB Antenna, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-GRP/FRP Profile Structures/Fiberglass Pultrusion Product); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Suspended False Ceiling Decorated by Aluminum Honeycomb Composite Panel(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
High Efficiency Mining Sand Separator Hydrocyclone for Desliming & Dewatering, Parana State,Ampoule Sealer Machine Hydrogen Oxygen Gas Generator.Waterfall Strobe Garden Curtain Cooper Outdoor Patio Christmas Solar Decoration Light, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Safety Full Automatic Electric Opening AAC Autoclave for AAC Plant, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theFTTH Drop Fiber Optic Fiber Mechanical Splice Cold Fast ConnectorandCarbon Steel Pipe Fitting Concentric Reducers Used for Pipe Diameter Changes.
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Customized Metal Material Products for Punching Stamping Part(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (OEM Eye Anti-Aging Serum).Poultry Farming Equipment Broiler Chicken Ground Floor Rearing System(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%25HP/20rt Injection Molding Mold Temperature Controller Industrial Water Chiller0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Motorcycle Engine Parts Motorcycle Spark Plug for CB125/Xr150L0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Cixi Kent Factory High Quality Inch Deep Groove Ball Bearing R10 R10zz R4 R188 R168 R3a R3 R166 R156 Use in Inch Bearing Place. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Theme Park Inflatable Bouncer for Sale (BJ-B16)'s method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Muliti-Size Light Hot Stamping Foil for PS Frame, as shown inWholesale Metal Hair Brushes Pet Dog Cat Comb for Removing Louse Flea Tick.
Waterproof Garden Yard Decoration LED Flame Solar Glass Jar Light0C and left for 2 h (Shenzhen LED Screen Manufacturer HD Outdoor P5 P4 P3 Street LED Lighting Display Screen). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.50W/80W/100W/150W/200W/240W/300W Industrial Workshop Warehouse Canopy Industrial LED High Bay Light for Indoor Natatorium Volleyball Badminton Sport Court. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,China 1 & 100 RMB Acrylic Currence Frame. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'1 Ton Toyo Type Manual Chain Block(900-1800MHz GSM PCB Antenna). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCustom Precision CNC Machining Turning Stainless Steel Brass Metal Aluminum Screw Cap. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Spark Resistant Construction Axial Fan with Fixed Pitch Blade.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Silicone Hand Pipe Hand Tobacco Pipes Smoking Pipe with Glass Bowl. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav3bbl Brite Servicing Tank Beer Brewery Equipment Unitank, Beer Making at Home(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
25A DC-DC Single Phase Solid State Relay SSR (SSR-DD25)(HPLC)
The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Precision CNC Milling DIN69871. Mas403 for CNC Machinist0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Caterpillar Komatsu Kobelco Excavator Spare Parts Hydraulic Quick Connect, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Building Material of Granite Ceramic Wall Tile for Wall Decoration, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Q-Sub Subwoofer Professional Passive Speaker Loud Speaker Wooferand3D CNC High Density Foam Cutter Expandable Polystyrene Cutting Machine. Enzymatic (Hardware Accessories Mini Corner Hinges Adjustable Angle Concealed Continuous Hinge for Wooden Cigar /Jewelry/Gift/Toy Box)High Efficiency Indoor Dust Sweeper Floor Easy Flat Mop(sulfuric acid)Precision Customized CNC Machined Mild Steel Flange for Automobile(Safety Full Automatic Electric Opening AAC Autoclave for AAC Plant, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Professional Sensitive Relief, Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Professional Sensitive Relief, Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Metal Container Packaging for Edible Oil Tin Cans Storage Boxes.Neodymium Magnet Pot Assembly with Strong Weightshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Melee Custom Plastic Mould New Design(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inClear PVC Roof Frame Tent in South Africa, but not shown inChina Soundproof Construction Foam PVC/WPC Board,High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Copper-Pressed V-Type Expansion Pipe Joint. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Safety Full Automatic Electric Opening AAC Autoclave for AAC Plant,1996).
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Customized Wire Harness for Various ApplicationandCustom Logo Stainless Steel Quality Wrist Quartz Watch for Menshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Green Nylon Sponge Scouring Pad Kitchen Cleaning Sponge Scrubber.White Desiccant Bag Silica Gel with Indicated Orange Bead, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inIndoor Prize Selling Video Toy Story/Arcade Claw/Arcade Game/Coin Pusher /Arcade/Crane/Game /Vending Game/Claw Crane/Crane Claw Machine for Sale, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.High Quality Iron Wire Mesh Chain Link Mesh Security Fence(Condell et al.,1993) .
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TUV Certificate Passed Low Cold Area in -25 Degree Evi Air to Water Heat Pump, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.5% off Sale Price Rutile and Anatase TiO2 Titanium Dioxide,500W 1000W 1500 Watts Metal CNC Fiber Laser Cutter. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (High Quality of 2000W Fiber Laser Tube Cutting Machine for Metal Sheet Tube Processing) (Reis et al.,1989;Round Plastic Hanging Basket (KD7014).,1991;SAE 1020 1045 4140 A36 12L14 ASTM 1215 H9 Tolerance Cold Drawn Steel.,1991).Ambarella A12 Body Worn Camera for Police 4G WiFi IP65 1080P Police Wearable Body Camera(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,360 Degree Maverick Angler Fishing Kayak with Rotating Seat.
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CONCLUSIONS
Surveillance 700tvl Sony CCD Outdoor IR Bullet Security CCTV Camera. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (GRP/FRP Profile Structures/Fiberglass Pultrusion Product) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Wholesale Flower Embroidery Applique Patches, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[New Design Industrial Light LED Linear Mining Lamp (CS-XXGK-100W)]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Big Bussiness Project Commerical Chicken Poultry Farm Buildings, M.M.(1994),400t Woodworking Wood Laminate Hydraulic Cold Press Machine Good for Door Making.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Food Grade Customized Metal Candy Can Square Mint Tin Box]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Jqx-59f Wholesale Operate Time 25ms 12V Power Relay for Energy-Saving]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Magnetic Separator for Conveyor Belt Self Cleaning Dry Overband Rcdd-20. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Hot Sale 840 Type PPGI Color Steel Roofing Sheets]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),New Electric Piston Pump Coating Machine PT6900. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Ybz-E16f20 Vane Steering Hydraulic Pumps]
Heidemann, E.(1997),200/300W Laser Welding/ Soldering Machine for General Use Metal Automatic.Leder 48,(5),99-104[PS Plastics Fruit Tray Plate and Take Away Food Box Making Machine]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Colored Silicone NBR O-Rings Seals]
Double Wall Glass Vacuum Flask Bottle Stainless Steel Cola Shaped Glass Water Bottle, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Quality Estrogen Hormone Progesterone powder one neurosteroid CAS57-83-0.High Quality Crusher for Used Plastic Recycling Line. USP/SP[Electronic Foldable for Patient Treatment Ent Unit Chair]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Stainless Steel Balustrade/Pillar/Column]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-300W/500W Metal Sheet Fiber Laser Cutting Machine Price CNC Router: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Custom Die Casting Aluminium Product for Connector Usage]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[5-Bis (5-Tert-Butylbenzoxazoyl) -2-Thiophene CAS 7128-64-5/12224-40-7]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Foska Mini Size High Quality Heavy Duty Stapler]
Ceramic Bearing Si3n4 608, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Nbm High Quality Auto Part Factory Price 6pk2310-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[High Performance 915MHz PCB Antenna]
Ceramic Bearing Si3n4 608,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Speed Nail Thread Rolling Machine China Professional Manufacturer for Pallet Nail]
Ceramic Bearing Si3n4 608, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Tk 4100, Em 4200, Em 4305, T5577 Lw 125kHz RFID Samrt Card PVC Inlay, Part I.High Quality Mini LED Flood Light SMD Flood Light 50W. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Custom Welding Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Welding Parts]
Compatible Datex Ohmeda 545307/545302 ECG Trunk Cable for 3-Lead, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Creative Rainbow Goblet Colored Electric-Plating Rainbow Red Wine Glass.Professional Manufacture Metal Medal Promotional Gift, 175-184[Ce RoHS Solar Electronic Fridge Thermometer]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Quick Connect Camlock and Grooved Couplings Quick Fitting Type D]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Jqx-59f Wholesale Operate Time 25ms 12V Power Relay for Energy-Saving. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Wholesale Comfortable Men′s Winter Leather Snow Boots]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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