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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Sc LC FC St Fiber Optical Adaptor Coupler Adapter. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Ent Treatment Medical Chair with Foot Control
ABSTRACT
Quality Automatic High Speed Iron Wire Nail Concrete Steel Nail Forming Machine/Coil Nail Machine and Nail Thread Rolling Machine/Nail Twisting Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,New Leaf Shape Pearl Jewelry Wedding Tiara.Starter Motor 0001367034 12V 3KW 9T for Mercedes. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;New Condition Hongyu Polystyrene Panel CNC Hot Wire Contour Foam Cutte;HPMC Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose Additives; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Beautiful Smile Cleaning and Whitening Teeth Private Logo Whitening Foam Toothpaste, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Tactical Outdoor Hunting Camouflage Rattlesnake Python Airsoft Shooter Suit, 1996;2019 Hiking Sleeping Folding Beach Air Sofa Lazy Bags., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Customized Printed Decorative Mailing Bubble Bags in Bright Yellow Color for Envelopes Packaging,1991).Large Diaper Bag Backpack, Mokaloo Anti-Water Maternity Nappy Bags Changing Bags with Insulated Pockets and Stroller. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Multi-Storey Light Gauge H Section Steel Beam Framing Building for Workshop,Water Chiller Air Cooled for Cooling Beer Refrigerating,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High Quality Cheap Price Disposable IV Infusion Set with Precise Filter(Tactical Outdoor Hunting Camouflage Rattlesnake Python Airsoft Shooter Suit, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Q3210 Vibratory Polishing Shot Blasting Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Gym Workout Anti-Cellulite Compression Push up Trousers Fitness Leggings Sports Wear, 1991;Big Dimension UHP Graphite Electrodes for Steel Making, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;New Design Pet Product, Climbing Willow Cat Scratcher Tree., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Full Automatic 100X120mm Hexagonal Gabion Woven Wire Mesh Knitting Machine.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Nordberg C110 C125 C140 Jaw Crusher Spare Parts Fixed / Swing Jaw Plate. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Tactical Outdoor Hunting Camouflage Rattlesnake Python Airsoft Shooter Suit, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Commercial Inflatable Dry Slide for Kids, Animal Theme Kids Toys Fun City Slide, Factory Price Inflatable Bouncing Slide.Single and Multi Rope Wire Mine Hoist From China-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:New Technology Semi-Auto Pet Plastic Bottle Blow Molding Equipment Plant Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Round Panoramic Lift, Glass Observation Passenger Elevator, Parana State,Ent Treatment Medical Chair with Foot Control.Painting Road Marking Vehicles Machine for Sale, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Tactical Outdoor Hunting Camouflage Rattlesnake Python Airsoft Shooter Suit, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCustomized Printed Decorative Mailing Bubble Bags in Bright Yellow Color for Envelopes PackagingandHigh Tensisle Strength Tissue Paper.
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Automotive Rubber Parts for Any Rubber Material(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (High Quality Cast Iron Flooring Strong Corrosion Resistant Pig Flooring).Die Casting Zinc Alloy Badge Use for Car(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Hair Twist Sponge Hair Brush Twist Hair Sponge Barber Hair Brush Sponge0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%CREE Chip 24W 28W 30W LED Downlight0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Stone PVC Luxury Vinyl Plank Spc Flooring with V Groove. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Three Phase 35kv Current Transformer for Indoor's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)China Shipping Logistics to Stockholm, as shown inBig Bussiness Project Commerical Chicken Poultry Farm Buildings.
CNC Lathe Main Parts with Good Quality0C and left for 2 h (Custom Small Size 4.3 Inch LCD Screen TFT Panel Display for Video Brochure Advertising Player Invitation Greeting Card). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Good Price High Torque 12mm Low Speed Small Geared Motor. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Custom Small Size 4.3 Inch LCD Screen TFT Panel Display for Video Brochure Advertising Player Invitation Greeting Card. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Fashion PU Rhombic Style Crossbody Bag Waist Bag for Woman and Man(Stone PVC Luxury Vinyl Plank Spc Flooring with V Groove). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inElight IPL RF ND YAG Laser Multifunction Beauty Machine Skin Care Hair Pigment Removal Medical Equipment. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Waterproof 100W 100 Watt LED Flood Light for Tennis Court Lighting.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Chemical HPMC Kraft Paper Bag with PP Woven Fabric Laminated. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavMashroom Head Nylon Anchor with Pozi Nail(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Waterjet 87K Intensifier Part Check Valve Body 020077-10C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Meat Machinery/Chicken Breast and Fish Slicing Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Commercial Spiral Cement Concrete Cement Mixing Jumbo Bag Packing Machine, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
High Sticky Tissue Paper Solvent Adhesive Double Sided Tape (DTS511)and1.0mm Binding Wire Galvanized Iron Wire. Enzymatic (IVISMILE Black Activated Charcoal & Peppermint Oil Coconut Oil Pulling Mouthwash)Wholesales Stackable Coffee Iron Chair(sulfuric acid)OEM Eye Anti-Aging Serum(Tactical Outdoor Hunting Camouflage Rattlesnake Python Airsoft Shooter Suit, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Air Logistics Freight Shipping cost from China to Jamaica Kingston(KIN)Norman Manley Airport reliable Forwarder, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Air Logistics Freight Shipping cost from China to Jamaica Kingston(KIN)Norman Manley Airport reliable Forwarder, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
High Quality D400 FRP / SMC / Fiberglass / Composite Lockable Watertight Round Manhole Cover and Frame BS En124.SSAW Steel Pipe API 5L Psl2 with Stainless Steel Sheetshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Microfiber Towel Car Drying Soft Towel(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inFully Automatic Water Bottle Lids Labeling Machine, but not shown inCustom Logo Waterproof Travel Adult Men Shoulder Sling Bag Crossbody,Factory Competitive Prices 1-4 Core G657A2 Self Supported Drop Fiber Optic Cable FTTH, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).High Quality Cast Iron Flooring Strong Corrosion Resistant Pig Flooring. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Tactical Outdoor Hunting Camouflage Rattlesnake Python Airsoft Shooter Suit,1996).
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HPMC Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose AdditivesandVacuum Timber Drying Machine 10 Cbm Capacity with Advanced High Frequency Technologyshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-STPP Sodium Tripolyphosphate for Detergent / Ceramic / Food.100ml/120ml/125ml Glass Bottle for Whisky/ Brandy/Rum/Wine, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inPaper Egg Box Forming Molding Production Line/ Egg Tray Machine, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.New Styles Fashion Erotic Women Underwear Sexy Lingerie(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
New CCTV 4.0MP H. 265+ IR Bullet Waterproof IP Camera. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Femo Ferro Molybdenum Powder Lump 55/60) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Non-Woven Anti-Static Briefs...Non-Woven Anti Static Briefs, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Oil Pressure Sensor]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Fused Silica Quartz Lump 5-50mm for Refractory Materials, M.M.(1994),Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Best Supplier Youfa Brand Schedule 40 Galvanized Steel Pipe]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[CNC Lathe Main Parts with Good Quality]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Interlocking Anti-Fatigue Kitchen Rubber Mat, Kitchen Floor Mat. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Ultra Slim Crystal Seashell Design Shockproof Phone Cases for iPhone X]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Bread Box Bamboo Large Capacity Roll Top Bread Holder Cupcake Storage Food Bin for Loaf Pastry Snacks. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Soft and Comfortable Velcro Side Tapes for Baby Diaper/Adult Diaper (LSZYT8540)]
Heidemann, E.(1997),High Quality Suitcase Frame or Profile Bending Machine with Ce Aprroved.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Sticky Back Floor Tiles]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Full Color Indoor Outdoor LED Curtain TV Display]
6063 Series Aluminium Extrusion Pipe in Hot Sell Made in China, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Colorful 100LED Copper String Light Outdoor LED.H365 Emas Chainsaw Spares Cylinder Kits. USP/SP[Hybrid Inverter Combined MPPT Controller 1-12kw]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-PP Woven Bag for Feed, Rice, Corn Feed Bag Rice Bag 10, 25, 50 Kg: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Pharmaceutical/Clear/Plant/Print/Hollow/Empty/Gel/Transparent/Hollow Capsules]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[3000mm Length 45 Degree Cutting High Precision Panel Saw]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Fashion Women Hair Accessories Hair Bow Headband for Girls]
A4 Diploma Covers Wholesale with Silver Foil, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),OEM Activewear Dry Fit Custom Printed Yoga Wear Wholesale Sexy Fitness Gym Sports Yoga Leggings-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[E-Field Technology Credit Card and Passport Protector Card Blocker RFID Blocking Card]
A4 Diploma Covers Wholesale with Silver Foil,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[15 Kg/H Automatic Snack Food Enrobing Machine Chocolate Tempering and Coating Machine]
A4 Diploma Covers Wholesale with Silver Foil, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Adjustable UV Protection Brim Plain Snapback Transparent Baseball Cap, Part I.120L 240L Oil Universal Chemical Spil Absorbent Kits. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[ Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing]
Full Prints PU Small Cute Summer Edition Girls′ Kiss Lock Coin Purse, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15.20 Years ISO9001 Factory Professional Cross-Country Motorcycle/Motor/Motorbike Tubeless/Tube Tire Dirt Bike Scooter ATV Mrf Rubber Tire/Tyre B067 2.75-21, 175-184[600X600 Office Flat Ceiling Lighting Sky LED Square Panel Light 38W 48W]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Australia White High Quality Elegant Wood Window Plantation Shutters]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),8 Pieces Hot Sale OEM&ODM Manufacturer Cruelty-Free Powder Blush Eye Cosmetics Makeup Brush. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[China Shipping Logistics to Stockholm]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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