ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

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Key words;Stationary Air Cooled Permanent Magnet VSD Air Compressor China Atlas Copco VSD Air Compressor India Atlas Copco VSD Air Compressor Atlas Copco VSD;Ceramic Tile Plasma Ion Deposition Planting Functional PVD Vacuum Coating Machine; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Road Construction Non Woven Needle Punched PP Non Woven Geotextile, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Wholesale Scented Flavor Flower Herbal Tea, 1996;Q-Sub Subwoofer Professional Passive Speaker Loud Speaker Woofer., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Rose Flower Real Silver Long Necklace 925 Sterling Silver Women Necklace,1991).5 Star European Antique Hotel Furniture. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,4.0MP Ahd Tvi CVBS HD CCTV Camera Module,Active Demand Plastic 65 Liter Laundry Basket Mould,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Organic Fertilizer Compost Turning Machine, Compost Turner Machine(Wholesale Scented Flavor Flower Herbal Tea, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Insulation Top Hung Aluminum Awning Window with Mosquito Net, peptides or amino acids production (4-Week Electric Forklift at 1.5/1.8/2.0/2.5/3.0/3.5 Ton with Side Shift and Intelligent Charger, 1991;Good Price Thermoplastic Hot Melt Road Marking Paint Line Equipment, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Hot Sell Data USB Connector Type C 12 Pin Terminal Block., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Unique Handle 24mm Water Bottle Caps.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Stainless Steel Band Cable Ties Wire Strap Steel Banding. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Wholesale Scented Flavor Flower Herbal Tea, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Acid Water Pulse Output Liquid Orifice Type Flow Meter.Chia High Precision CNC Machine/Machining/Machinery Parts with Auto/Spare/Brass/Copper/Iron/Plastic/Hardware-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Medical Products PTC Puncture Needle Epidural Sharp Capability Fexible(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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New Fashion Style Custom PU Leather Crossbody Women Tote Bags with Wide Strap(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Carbon Steel Stainless Steel Countersunk Head Hollow Bolt).Double Door Heated Holding Carts(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%2019 New Water Quality TDS Test⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Top Furniture Hotel Dining Furniture Metal Hotel Table Chair⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Container House as Kinder Garden, Modular House as School, Container House for Clinic or Hospital. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Machinery Parts Aeroplane Engine CNC Milling's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Aws E7018 Low Carbon Steel Welding Electrode, as shown inAdjustable UV Protection Brim Plain Snapback Transparent Baseball Cap.

Best Price Graphite Electrode with 4 Tpi Nipple RP HP UHP 200-600mm for Smelting⁰C and left for 2 h (Tan Color Strip Aluminum and Glass Mosaic for Wall (M855330)). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Electrical Bike Waterproof Power Connector. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Liquor/Spirits/Vodka/Whisky/Rum/Water/Brandy/Xo/Wine Glass Bottle with Clear Glass. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Painted G80 Cargo Lashing Chain with Hooks(Single and Multi Rope Wire Mine Hoist From China). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inMs Ssaw Steel Pipe. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Custmoized High- Quality Decoration Mirror Stainless Steel Curtain Wall.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Automatic Feeding Customized Multi Layers Shirts Cutting Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avFinely Processed Anodized Aluminum 6063 7075 CNC Turning Parts(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Flexible Vj Rigid Shaft Coupling for Pipe Flange⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Machinery Accessories Custom Foundry Steel Gray / Grey / Ductile Cast Iron Aluminum Sand Iron Casting, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Guangzhou Cheap Large Capacity 20X80m Industrial Storage Warehouse, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Latest New Hho Engine Oil Carbon Remover, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Wood Chips Rotary Dryer Sawdust Pellet Drying Machine,Delicate Handmade Round Natural Stone Chain Necklace. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Chinese Take-out Paper Food Boxes with Metal Wire Handle (GDNB-004)) (Reis et al.,1989;4-Week Electric Forklift at 1.5/1.8/2.0/2.5/3.0/3.5 Ton with Side Shift and Intelligent Charger.,1991;Q-Sub Subwoofer Professional Passive Speaker Loud Speaker Woofer.,1991).Biobase China Vertical Type-Double Doors -25º C Freezer for Best Price(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Christmas Lifting Kinetic Lighting DMX Winch 3D Decorative LED Ball Light.

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CONCLUSIONS

Embossed Aluminium/ Aluminum Household Foil 8011-O. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Efficiency Scc638 Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Factory Production) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

High Quality Aluminium Foil for Pharmaceutical, Container, Household, Lamination, Embossing, Sealing, Coating (A8011, 1235, 11100, 8079, 8021), A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[China Cheap Factory Wholesale OTR Tubeless Tyres 1400-24]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Wholesale Empty Perfume Bottle 10ml Cosmetic Roll on Bottle, M.M.(1994),Cross Hex Flange Screw.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Longyi Crimping Types Cable Terminal Lugs]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Flanged Type Anti Corrosion]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Metric Female Flat Seat, One Piece Hose Fittings, Hose Fittings. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Die Cast Iron Worm Gear Speed Reduce Gearbox]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Full Color Indoor Outdoor LED Curtain TV Display. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Quality Flange Dismantling Joint]

Heidemann, E.(1997),High Quality Plastic Injection Mold Parts Square Interlocks Maker.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Corpse Morgue Stainless Steel Refrigerator Mortuary Freezer]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[HD Night Vision IR Laser Camera with PTZ for 1200m Surveillance]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Sludge Oil Separation Centrifuge: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Two Sided Lighted Vanity Mirror Folding 1X and 5X or 10X LED Makeup Mirrors]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Salto Key Cards]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[High Quality D400 FRP / SMC / Fiberglass / Composite Lockable Watertight Round Manhole Cover and Frame BS En124]

8011 Aluminum Foil for Cap Used, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Pepper Peanut Sauce Colliod Miller Grinding Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Ring Caps &Plastic Tube Pop Novelties]

8011 Aluminum Foil for Cap Used,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Ent Treatment Medical Chair with Foot Control]

8011 Aluminum Foil for Cap Used, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Gasoline Rototiller, Cultivator, Tiller Model Gtm-6, Part I.12.5mva Transformer 12500kVA 33kv 35kv Power Transformer. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[ Noiseless) Cracking Agent (SCA) for Breaking Rocks]

Electronic Foldable for Patient Treatment Ent Unit Chair, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Plastic Pushbutton Ultrasonic Spin Welding Machine.500ml 1000ml Juice Drinking Beverage Glass Swing Top Bottle Bottles, 175-184[Utility Tractor Seat]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Factory Direct Sales Kids Boy Cotton Children T Shirt]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Double Shaft Paper Cardboard Waste Plastic Shredder Machine. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[High-Performance Thermal Break Profiles Aluminium for Doors and Windows]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Compost Turner MachineAuthor for correspondence