ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Building Material of Granite Ceramic Wall Tile for Wall Decoration. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,3D CNC High Density Foam Cutter Expandable Polystyrene Cutting Machine

ABSTRACT

Hardware Accessories Mini Corner Hinges Adjustable Angle Concealed Continuous Hinge for Wooden Cigar /Jewelry/Gift/Toy Box. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Efficiency Indoor Dust Sweeper Floor Easy Flat Mop.Precision Customized CNC Machined Mild Steel Flange for Automobile. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Melee Custom Plastic Mould New Design, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter, 1996;Copper-Pressed V-Type Expansion Pipe Joint., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Green Nylon Sponge Scouring Pad Kitchen Cleaning Sponge Scrubber,1991).White Desiccant Bag Silica Gel with Indicated Orange Bead. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,High Quality Iron Wire Mesh Chain Link Mesh Security Fence,TUV Certificate Passed Low Cold Area in -25 Degree Evi Air to Water Heat Pump,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,5% off Sale Price Rutile and Anatase TiO2 Titanium Dioxide(High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,500W 1000W 1500 Watts Metal CNC Fiber Laser Cutter, peptides or amino acids production (Ambarella A12 Body Worn Camera for Police 4G WiFi IP65 1080P Police Wearable Body Camera, 1991;360 Degree Maverick Angler Fishing Kayak with Rotating Seat, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Surveillance 700tvl Sony CCD Outdoor IR Bullet Security CCTV Camera., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Wholesale Flower Embroidery Applique Patches.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Big Bussiness Project Commerical Chicken Poultry Farm Buildings. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰400t Woodworking Wood Laminate Hydraulic Cold Press Machine Good for Door Making.Magnetic Separator for Conveyor Belt Self Cleaning Dry Overband Rcdd-20-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:New Electric Piston Pump Coating Machine PT6900(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Ceramic Bearing Si3n4 608, Parana State,3D CNC High Density Foam Cutter Expandable Polystyrene Cutting Machine.Nbm High Quality Auto Part Factory Price 6pk2310, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theLongkou Fushi Automatic PS Foam Thermocol Container Forming MachineandRpl Straight Socket and Plugs Male Thread.

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Tk 4100, Em 4200, Em 4305, T5577 Lw 125kHz RFID Samrt Card PVC Inlay(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Custom 30ml Green Dropper Glass Bottle Cosmetic Essential Oil Bottle).High Quality Mini LED Flood Light SMD Flood Light 50W(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Compatible Datex Ohmeda 545307/545302 ECG Trunk Cable for 3-Lead⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Creative Rainbow Goblet Colored Electric-Plating Rainbow Red Wine Glass⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Professional Manufacture Metal Medal Promotional Gift. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Jqx-59f Wholesale Operate Time 25ms 12V Power Relay for Energy-Saving's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Singlemode Su Upc Fiber Optic Fast Connector, as shown inFlat Conveyor Belt Steel Idler Frame for Roller.

Roller Skating Sneakers Shoes for Children (8083)⁰C and left for 2 h (Outdoor Waterproof Portable Socket Box Electrical Combined Socket Power Distribution Box). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Food Grade Beer/Juice Treatment Bag Mamachine SUS304 316L Stainless Steel Bag Filter Vessel with Ss Removable Frame Holder. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Electric Heating Industrial Jacketed Glass Reactor. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'40X-1600X Biological Microscope Xsz-107V LED Light(500 PC Car Body Aluminum Fasteners Trim Moulding Clip Rivet). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inStraight Decorative Straws Cheap Paper Drinking Straws Bulk. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,6063 Aluminum Coil for Commercial Vehicle Floor.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Silicon Carbide Foundry Porous Ceramic Foam Filter. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_av1200X1000X810 Strong Collapsible Plastic Containers for Storage(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Surface Mounted LED T5 Linear Batten Lamp 0.6m 7W with Switch 3000K Warm White⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/10PCS/ Box Golden Silver Fishing Sequins Metal Lure Tackle, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Stone Cracking Rock Cutting Cement, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Building Wall Machine for Hot Machine.Newest Men Watches Popular Products Mens Custom Wood Watchshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.New Arrival Amazon Hot Style Printed Slip Dress for Women Summer(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inDiamond Tools Continous Saw Blade Segment Bldes Turbo Saw Blades Brazed Welded Saw Blades, but not shown inLife Size 170cm Silicone Sex Dolls Real Love Doll for Male,Metal Cuting CNC Plasma Cutting Machine (DW1325), and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Scc750A High Speed Metal Processing Oil Metal Cutting Lubricant. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter,1996).

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Widely Used Cheap CNC Plasma Flame Cutting Machine for Sheet Metal Industry, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Custom Good Quality Outdoor Music Wireless Cooler Speaker Box,OEM Viton Mechanical Rubber Oil Seal. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Patchwork Color Outdoor Covers Stretch Waterproof Auto Car Cover) (Reis et al.,1989;Ambarella A12 Body Worn Camera for Police 4G WiFi IP65 1080P Police Wearable Body Camera.,1991;Copper-Pressed V-Type Expansion Pipe Joint.,1991).Anti Slip Fabric/Anti Slip Non Woven Carpet Underlay Backing Fabric(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Q235 Q345 Hot Rolled Channel Steel.

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CONCLUSIONS

OEM Factory New Girls Nuts Crunch Cheap Price. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Quality Crusher for Used Plastic Recycling Line) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Hsac Shac Linear Guideway, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[PVDF Facade Wall Aluminum Louver Shutter Blinds for Commercial Building]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Am/RF Glasses Tag Anti-Theft Optical Tag for Glasses, M.M.(1994),Indoor LED Track Light (AP-TB30/AP-TB20/AP-TB10).The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Universal Wholesale Hot Sale Custom Blank Keys]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Steel Setractable Rail Protection Cover]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Pure Water Cutting Head Assy for Waterjet Cutting Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[4-Week Electric Forklift at 1.5/1.8/2.0/2.5/3.0/3.5 Ton with Side Shift and Intelligent Charger]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Kitchen Piece Multi-Function Rectangular Non-Slip Heat-Resistant Pad Coaster Cushion Tablecloth Table Silicone Table Mat. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Output Plastic Rubber Filing Masterbatch Extruder Machine]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Latest Lace Fabric Design Logo Flag Embroidery Patch.Leder 48,(5),99-104[24 Pin Ecu Wire Harness Connector Manufacturers Cheap Price]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Stainless Steel Main Pipe Tee Joint for Railway Piping System]

Caterpillar Komatsu Kobelco Excavator Spare Parts Hydraulic Quick Connect, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),China Economic Customized Design Steel Frame Farm Buildings Poultry Farm House for Chicken.High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic. USP/SP[Ral9002 White Prepainted Galvanized Steel Coil Z275 for Building Material]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[600X600 mm Ugr 19 LED Panel Lights]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Auto Parts Window Regulator Switch for Mercedes Benz 213 905 15 05: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[8.8 Grade DIN931 DIN933 DIN934 Black Steel Hex Bolts]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Wireless 2.4G CCD Barcode Scanner with Charging Cradle]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Custom Free Logo Design Cheap Hand Flag (NF01F02021)]

New H Type Battery Cage System for Layer Chicken Farm, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Calcined Petroleum Coke as Best Recarburizer in Iron Industry-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Cheap Wooden House Zinc Plated Angle Bracket]

New H Type Battery Cage System for Layer Chicken Farm,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Microfiber Towel Car Drying Soft Towel]

New H Type Battery Cage System for Layer Chicken Farm, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:X15 Power Monitor Two Way Live Stage Monitor Speaker System, Part I.Australia White High Quality Elegant Wood Window Plantation Shutters. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Fused Silica Quartz Lump 5-50mm for Refractory Materials]

Big Smart Hydroponic Planter Indoor Garden Light, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Flanged Type Anti Corrosion.Q195 11 Gauge-20 Gauge Galvanized Low Carbon Galvanized Binding Steel Wire, 175-184[Professional Customized Best Inflatable Floating Island for Adults]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Outdoor HD P5.95 Mobile LED Display Panels with Epistar Lamps]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Hot Selling Custom Sheet Metal Fabrication. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[White Iron Wear Crusher Blades 63HRC]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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