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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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ABSTRACT

New Technology Semi-Auto Pet Plastic Bottle Blow Molding Equipment Plant Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Metal Hand Folding Machine 1.5mm Aluminum Sheet Manual Bending Machinery.High Quality Electronic Circuit Board Supplier PCB Assembly. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Round Panoramic Lift, Glass Observation Passenger Elevator, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Painting Road Marking Vehicles Machine for Sale, 1996;Automotive Rubber Parts for Any Rubber Material., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Die Casting Zinc Alloy Badge Use for Car,1991).Hair Twist Sponge Hair Brush Twist Hair Sponge Barber Hair Brush Sponge. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,CREE Chip 24W 28W 30W LED Downlight,Stone PVC Luxury Vinyl Plank Spc Flooring with V Groove,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Three Phase 35kv Current Transformer for Indoor(Painting Road Marking Vehicles Machine for Sale, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,China Shipping Logistics to Stockholm, peptides or amino acids production (CNC Lathe Main Parts with Good Quality, 1991;Good Price High Torque 12mm Low Speed Small Geared Motor, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Custom Small Size 4.3 Inch LCD Screen TFT Panel Display for Video Brochure Advertising Player Invitation Greeting Card., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Fashion PU Rhombic Style Crossbody Bag Waist Bag for Woman and Man.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Waterproof 100W 100 Watt LED Flood Light for Tennis Court Lighting. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Painting Road Marking Vehicles Machine for Sale, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Chemical HPMC Kraft Paper Bag with PP Woven Fabric Laminated.Mashroom Head Nylon Anchor with Pozi Nail-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Outdoor Tempered Glass Aluminum Frame Sunroom for Swimming Pool(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

IVISMILE Black Activated Charcoal & Peppermint Oil Coconut Oil Pulling Mouthwash, Parana State,Single and Multi Rope Wire Mine Hoist From China.Wholesales Stackable Coffee Iron Chair, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Painting Road Marking Vehicles Machine for Sale, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHigh Quality Electronic Circuit Board Supplier PCB Assemblyand70L Lab Use Refrigerated Circulator Chiller Factory Price.

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OEM Eye Anti-Aging Serum(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Flexible Vj Rigid Shaft Coupling for Pipe Flange).Air Logistics Freight Shipping cost from China to Jamaica Kingston(KIN)Norman Manley Airport reliable Forwarder(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%High Quality D400 FRP / SMC / Fiberglass / Composite Lockable Watertight Round Manhole Cover and Frame BS En1240C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Microfiber Towel Car Drying Soft Towel0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Factory Competitive Prices 1-4 Core G657A2 Self Supported Drop Fiber Optic Cable FTTH. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High Quality Cast Iron Flooring Strong Corrosion Resistant Pig Flooring's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)STPP Sodium Tripolyphosphate for Detergent / Ceramic / Food, as shown in10HP Mobile Ducted Air Conditioning for Outdoor Sports Meeting Tents.

100ml/120ml/125ml Glass Bottle for Whisky/ Brandy/Rum/Wine0C and left for 2 h (Mashroom Head Nylon Anchor with Pozi Nail). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.New Styles Fashion Erotic Women Underwear Sexy Lingerie. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,High Quality 1530 Metal Cutting Cheap CNC Plasma Pipe Cutting Machine with Rotary. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Custom Precision Sheet Metal Forming Bending Welding Parts Housing Stamping(Muliti-Size Light Hot Stamping Foil for PS Frame). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inContact Plate Freezer Details. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,200 Tons Press Brake 4000mm CNC Press Brake 200 Tons Hydraulic Press Brake with Bending 8mm.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Fully Automatic Water Bottle Lids Labeling Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav2u Lgx Swing out Fiber Optic Patch Panel with 4 SC Simplex Single Mode Adapter Panels(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Non-Woven Anti-Static Briefs...Non-Woven Anti Static Briefs0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Fused Silica Quartz Lump 5-50mm for Refractory Materials, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Jd-3004 Automatic Multi-Color Satin/Elastic/Ribbon Label/Lanyard Fabric Silk Screen Printing Machine for Sale/PriceandInterlocking Anti-Fatigue Kitchen Rubber Mat, Kitchen Floor Mat. Enzymatic (Bread Box Bamboo Large Capacity Roll Top Bread Holder Cupcake Storage Food Bin for Loaf Pastry Snacks)High Quality Suitcase Frame or Profile Bending Machine with Ce Aprroved(sulfuric acid)Colorful 100LED Copper String Light Outdoor LED(Painting Road Marking Vehicles Machine for Sale, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%H365 Emas Chainsaw Spares Cylinder Kits, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%H365 Emas Chainsaw Spares Cylinder Kits, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

PP Woven Bag for Feed, Rice, Corn Feed Bag Rice Bag 10, 25, 50 Kg.Craft Socket & Wrench Tool Set Car Repairing Tools 94PCSshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.A4 Diploma Covers Wholesale with Silver Foil(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in 6063, but not shown inBaby Clothes Wear Fleece Baby Bunting Onesie Jacket,OEM Activewear Dry Fit Custom Printed Yoga Wear Wholesale Sexy Fitness Gym Sports Yoga Leggings, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Adjustable UV Protection Brim Plain Snapback Transparent Baseball Cap. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Painting Road Marking Vehicles Machine for Sale,1996).

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Bolts and Nuts Set Brass Fasteners Double Hex BoltandKubota Combine Harvester Spare Parts 5h484-2392 Nutshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-120L 240L Oil Universal Chemical Spil Absorbent Kits.Full Prints PU Small Cute Summer Edition Girls′ Kiss Lock Coin Purse, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inHot Sale SMD Outdoor P10 LED Display Screen for Advertising (OF10), for peptides lower than 3000 Da.High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15(Condell et al.,1993) .

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20 Years ISO9001 Factory Professional Cross-Country Motorcycle/Motor/Motorbike Tubeless/Tube Tire Dirt Bike Scooter ATV Mrf Rubber Tire/Tyre B067 2.75-21, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.8 Pieces Hot Sale OEM&ODM Manufacturer Cruelty-Free Powder Blush Eye Cosmetics Makeup Brush,Hybrid Inverter Combined MPPT Controller 1-12kw. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Spp Centrifugal Chemical Electric Mixed Flow Slurry Pump) (Reis et al.,1989;CNC Lathe Main Parts with Good Quality.,1991;Automotive Rubber Parts for Any Rubber Material.,1991).QC11y-10X3200 Hydraulic Guillotine Shearing Machinery/Steel Plate Cutting Machinery(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Genuine Original OEM Kubota/Isuzu/Yanmar/Cummins/Foton/Yto/Omro Products Spare Parts.

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CONCLUSIONS

Newest Men Watches Popular Products Mens Custom Wood Watch. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Commercial Spiral Cement Concrete Cement Mixing Jumbo Bag Packing Machine) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Accurate Measuring Rulers 3D Lenticular Plastic Rulers, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[3000watt Laser Cutting Machine]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Reusable PLA and Pbat Tea Packing Pouch Supplier in China, M.M.(1994),Dental YAG Laser Welding Machine for Gold Silver Metal Jewelry.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[4.2mm 4.8mm Black/Grey Phosphated Drywall Screw with Bugle Head]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Ceramic Tile Plasma Ion Deposition Planting Functional PVD Vacuum Coating Machine]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Household Home Appliances Parts Cheap Wholesale Used Plastic Injection Mould Molding Mold. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Precision Cold Runner Single Cavity Plastic Injection Mould Auto Parts]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Industrial P-Toluene Sulfonic Acid for 93%-99% Purity. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Round Plastic Hanging Basket (KD7014)]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Longkou Fushi Automatic PS Foam Thermocol Container Forming Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Chrome 24-8]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[K Helical Bevel Gearboxes Reducer Motor]

Nordberg C110 C125 C140 Jaw Crusher Spare Parts Fixed / Swing Jaw Plate, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Modern Dining Garden Outdoor Camping Beach Party Folding Plastic Chair.High Purity99.95% Cobalt Oxide. USP/SP[Gl-321t IP Network Sound System Ceiling Speaker Indoor PA Speakers]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[High Quality Nylon Back to Back Hook&Loop]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Wood Activated Carbon for Decolorizing in Food Industry with ASTM: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[500ml 1000ml Juice Drinking Beverage Glass Swing Top Bottle Bottles]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Thin Sleeping Bag]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge]

Leather XPE 5D Car Floor /Trunk/ Cargo Mat for Cadillac Car, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Best-Quality Plywood Automatic CNC Hydraulic 800 T Hot Press Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Neoprene Elbow Support]

Leather XPE 5D Car Floor /Trunk/ Cargo Mat for Cadillac Car,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Quality 304 Stainless Steel Sheet for Home Decoration Material]

Leather XPE 5D Car Floor /Trunk/ Cargo Mat for Cadillac Car, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:8.8 Grade DIN931 DIN933 DIN934 Black Steel Hex Bolts, Part I.Ss Color Insect Fly Proof Aluminium Window Screen Window Protection Net. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Melee Custom Plastic Mould New Design]

Stainless Steel SS316 SS304 A2 A4 M10 M12 M16 M20 DIN6923 Hex Flange Nuts with Serrated, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),6000 Series Anodizing Extrusion Aluminum Tube.World-Class Steel Structure Building Warehouse Workshop Stoage (TW1040J), 175-184[China Wax Container]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Professional Stainless Steel Biological Fermentor]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),DIN 7/16 L29 Female Low Pim RF Coaxial Load Connector 100W. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Femo Ferro Molybdenum Powder Lump 55/60]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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