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ABSTRACT

Plastic Pushbutton Ultrasonic Spin Welding Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,500ml 1000ml Juice Drinking Beverage Glass Swing Top Bottle Bottles.Double Shaft Paper Cardboard Waste Plastic Shredder Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Manufacturers White Dinnerware Set Fast Food Tray Bento Box, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Best Price Graphite Electrode HP 300mm UHP, 1996;Factory Price Skin Nourishing Auto Mts Micro Needle Therapy System Rechargeable A1., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Wld8200 Auto Spray Paint Booth,1991).Hot Sale SMD Outdoor P10 LED Display Screen for Advertising (OF10). Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Animal Carcass Incinerator Hospital Garbage Incinerator,Ral9002 White Prepainted Galvanized Steel Coil Z275 for Building Material,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High Density Crust Foam Board/Celuka Board(Best Price Graphite Electrode HP 300mm UHP, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Mango Pulp Juice Processing Production Line, peptides or amino acids production (Laser Cut Sheet Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine, 1991;Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Diamond Jewellery Creative Inlaid Ring, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Stainless Steel Long Handle Spoons for Ice Cream Tea Coffee Dessert., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.New Sexy Crystal Self Adhesive Resuable Nipple Cover.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Candy Box Laser Marking Engraving Machine Scm2000 180W 250W. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Best Price Graphite Electrode HP 300mm UHP, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰130kw 7 Degrees Scroll Type Industrial Water Chiller.Decals Logo Customized Bamboo Floor Container Plywood Floor Mini Side Open Containers-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Factory Wholesale Melamine Garment Shop Furniture Design for Store(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Waterproof Silicone Rain Shoe Cover or Rain Boots or Rubber Shoes, Parana State,Electronic Foldable for Patient Treatment Ent Unit Chair.Outdoor Playground Plastic Slide with Swing and Basketry, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Best Price Graphite Electrode HP 300mm UHP, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to thePrecision Cold Runner Single Cavity Plastic Injection Mould Auto PartsandRound Plastic Hanging Basket (KD7014).

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Elastic Camouflage PU Leather Synthetic PVC for Down Jacket Coat(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Gl-321t IP Network Sound System Ceiling Speaker Indoor PA Speakers).Customized Non-Standard CNC Machining Steel Mold Parts Wire Cuting Plastic Injection Mold Components(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Belt Conveyor Systmem for Fertilizer Production Line⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Linear Motion Bearing Assembly Ballscrew 16mm Diameter Lead Screw with Double Nut Single Nut Promotion Price⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Digger Spring for Excavator Machinery. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)1.8ml Clear Sample Vials with Label and PP Caps's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Factory Small Coil Compression Spring in High Quality, as shown inHigh Quality Nylon Back to Back Hook&Loop.

Stainless Steel Movable Storage Tank for Cosmetics Chemicals with ASME Certificates⁰C and left for 2 h (500ml 1000ml Juice Drinking Beverage Glass Swing Top Bottle Bottles). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Premium Grade Export Best Price Organic Bulk Supply New Crop Hot Sale Pumpkin Kernel. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Plastic Material Handling Dolly Platform Hand Trolley Truck. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Transparent 43/410 Soap Dispenser Hand Wash Pump Foam Pump(DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inChina Wholesale Battery Operated 3W LED Lemon Slice Fruit Pendant String Light. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Viscose and Polyester Blends Spunlace Nonwoven Fabric For Home Wipes.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%99% Purity Serms Steroids Megestrol Acetate CAS 595-33-5. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avATV Spiked Chain Harrow for Farming(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Custom Logo Waterproof Travel Adult Men Shoulder Sling Bag Crossbody⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Fashionable Natural Bamboo Wood Sunglasses for Men, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Solar Powered Outdoor Lighting LED Solar Wall Light, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Neoprene Elbow SupportandOutdoor New Design Monitor Cabinet Taxi Advertising LED Signs. Enzymatic (9~12 Inch Mechanical Backing Plate)OEM Thermal Break Aluminum Profile for Aluminum Windows(sulfuric acid)Aluminum Window System Thermal Break Strip (HK Stype35.3mm)(Best Price Graphite Electrode HP 300mm UHP, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%LED Bulb Light UFO Light Recruitment Distributor, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%LED Bulb Light UFO Light Recruitment Distributor, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Ozone Generator Plant for Water Treatment.High Quality 304 Stainless Steel Sheet for Home Decoration Materialshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.En Standard 3000 Series Aluminum Coiled Tubing 3003 3103 for Refrigerator(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inMelee Custom Plastic Mould New Design, but not shown inProfessional Stainless Steel Biological Fermentor,Free Assembly, Walking Machine, Home Fitness, Treadmill, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).CMC Transparent Grade for Coating Production. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Best Price Graphite Electrode HP 300mm UHP,1996).

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L Shaped Modular Kitchen Designs Kitchen Cabinet on SaleandAutomotive Rubber Parts for Any Rubber Materialshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Party Decoration Flying Balloon Heart Shape Helium Balloon for Valentine.Cold-Spray Road Line Marking Machine, and another peak at 45 mL not shown in3-Pin Australia Power Cord Plug with SAA, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Anti-Wrinkle Eye Cream Six Peptide Anti-Aging Serum Black Circle Cleaner(Condell et al.,1993) .

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CONCLUSIONS

NPK+Te Fertilizer. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Hot Sale Highly Effective Scc628b Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Best Quality) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

C Purlin/C Steel Beam/ C Section Steel/ C Shaped Steel, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Avanti Wine Refrigerator]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Customized Double Acting Hydraulic Cylinder for Excavator, M.M.(1994),Fashion High Quality Head Layer Genuine Leather Men′s Wallet.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Fire Alarm Detector 24VDC Reflective Beam Detector]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Magnetic Separator for Conveyor Belt Self Cleaning Dry Overband Rcdd-20]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Teal Blue Padded Bubble Mailer Envelopes. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[New Technology Semi-Auto Pet Plastic Bottle Blow Molding Equipment Plant Machine]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Medical Ultrasound Gel. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Best Price Wastewater Treatment STP Treat All Kinds of Sewage to Discharge Irrigation Reuse ]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Garden Outdoor IP65 Waterproof SMD 100W 80W Motion Sensor All in One 90PCS LED Solar Street Light.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Oil Drilling Equipments]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[2.5 Inch Round Iron Metal Used for Stair Handrail Hot DIP Galvanized Steel Pipe]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Minimalist Slim Real Leather Front Pocket Card Wallet]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Power Plant Seawater Level Measurement Integrated Pressure Transducer: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[China 1 & 100 RMB Acrylic Currence Frame]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[LED Photon Light Therapy RF EMS Skin Rejuvenation Machine]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Air Purification Activated Alumina]

High Quality Melamine Paper Manufacturer for Decoration, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),2019 Earn Money Cabinet Games Coin Operated Tekken 7 Retro Japanese-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[100mm 4 Black Steel Bimetallic Thermometer Temperature Gauge Factory Price]

High Quality Melamine Paper Manufacturer for Decoration,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Sany Hg3333m Climbing Placing Boom]

High Quality Melamine Paper Manufacturer for Decoration, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Sfj-250r Vibrating Automatic Powder Sieve Machine with Cycling and Recovery System Replace Gema, Part I.Tungsten Solid Carbide Straight 4/6 Flutes Reamer. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Teal Blue Padded Bubble Mailer Envelopes]

China Quality Heavy Duty Globe Control Valve, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Customized Wire Harness for Various Application.Cheap CNC Spindle Peeling Lathe for Steel Bar, 175-184[New Design Custom 3D Digital Printed Sport Cotton Polyester Socks]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Latex Free Olive Face Cut Makeup Sponge /Oval Makeup Sponge Not Makeup Remover Sponge]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Nonwoven Glassfibre Laid Scrim for Automotives - Reinforcements for Sound Absorption Elements. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Compostable Ecofriendly Ecosource Leakproof Bento Lunch Box]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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