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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Latest Fashion Best-Selling Marble Slab Cutting Saw Blades. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Black Invisible 940nm Night Vision 3G Hunting Trail Camera Support Mini SD Card for Video Recording
ABSTRACT
Sinotruk-HOWO 6X4 Tractor Truck, Prime Mover. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Motorcycle Tube Making Machine/Inner Tube Making Machine.Paper Automaitc Carton Box Cardboard Strapping Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;China Motor Company Produce BLDC Fan Motor for Barn Vent Fan;Electroless Nickel Copper-Clad Laminate Flexible Multilayer Rigid Double-Sided PCB; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.1000 Gallon Stainless Steel Wine Conical Jacket Storage Fermenter Vessel Brewery Brignt Beer Fermentation Tank, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Reliable Stainless Steel 2 Drawers File Cabinet/Office Metal Drawer Filing Cabinet, 1996;New Fashion Plush Rabbit Eye Mask Cute Sleeping Blindfold Eye Cover Dr-10., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Soft and Comfortable Velcro Side Tapes for Baby Diaper/Adult Diaper (LSZYT8540),1991).Polymeric Ferric Sulfate (SPFS/PFS) for Water Treatment. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Rht-060ws Soda Process Water Cooled Screw Type Water Chiller,Pressed Pipe Scaffold Clamp JIS Ks BS 48.6 Steel Double and Swivel Scaffolding Clamp,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Boat Aluminum Pipe 5083 Marine Used Aluminum Tube(Reliable Stainless Steel 2 Drawers File Cabinet/Office Metal Drawer Filing Cabinet, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Imirootree Wholesale Empty 100ml Amber Glass Cosmetic Jar, peptides or amino acids production (2017 Year The Newest 7inch LCD Screen Advertising Brochure Video Greeting Cards, 1991;Cheap 100% Natural Brazilian Remy Cuticle Aligned Virgin Human Hair, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Flanged Braided Metal Hose Connector., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Timber Pressure Vessel for Wood Processing.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-1200mm Recessed Mounted LED Linear Light. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Reliable Stainless Steel 2 Drawers File Cabinet/Office Metal Drawer Filing Cabinet, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10The Big Diameter Carbide Tipped Hole Saw.Promotional 16oz Pint Drinking Glass Mixing Glass with Letter Logo-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Tc/Sc/Tb/Sb Oil Seal Much Stock on Sale(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Anti Radiation RFID Blocking Case Signal Blocking Holder for Smart Phone, Parana State,Black Invisible 940nm Night Vision 3G Hunting Trail Camera Support Mini SD Card for Video Recording.2D LED Rope Lighting Motif Lights for Christmas Decoration, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Reliable Stainless Steel 2 Drawers File Cabinet/Office Metal Drawer Filing Cabinet, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theJcb Spare Parts for 3cx and 4cx Oil Cooler 923/02700andHigh Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic.
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Modern Compact Laminate Key Lock Changing Room Locker(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Dark Green Decorative Garden Welded Wire Mesh Fencing).Outdoor Full Color LED Video Wall(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%180ml Transparent No-Lead Ice-Cream Thicken Glass Bowl Glassware (W115125)0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Pneumatic CNC Tapping Machine/ Drilling Machine for Fasteners0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Low Price High Quality Pet/PP Non Woven Short Fiber Geotextile. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Quick Connect Camlock and Grooved Couplings Quick Fitting Type D's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)High Quality White Calcined Alumina Powder for Ceramic Industry, as shown inFactory Food Grade PVC Plastic Polyester Fiber Reinforced Water Soft Hose.
500ml Double Walled Outdoor Stainless Steel Vacuum Flask Thermos Water Bottle for Wine0C and left for 2 h (8011 Aluminum Foil for Cap Used). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.100kw Cummins Diesel Generator Set. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Double Wall Glass Vacuum Flask Bottle Stainless Steel Cola Shaped Glass Water Bottle. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Luxury Hotel Furniture Antique Design Marble Side Table(Garden Furniture Sofa Rattan Modular Corner Set with Cushions). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCouch Square Cushion Cover. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Ampoule Sealer Machine Hydrogen Oxygen Gas Generator.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Commercial Double Lane Inflatable Carnival Bungee Run Game. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavPopular Leather Cushion Home Furniture Hotel Terrace Restranant Dining Chair(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.800mm Length 600n Load Tension Gas Spring with Metal Eyelet0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Deep Drawing Aluminum Circle /Disc for Cookwares 1050 1060 1100 3003, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/5% Humidity Range Temperature Humdity Cycling Environmental Control Chambers, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
DC Motor for MassagersandSafety Full Automatic Electric Opening AAC Autoclave for AAC Plant. Enzymatic (SAE 1020 1045 4140 A36 12L14 ASTM 1215 H9 Tolerance Cold Drawn Steel)High Efficiency Stone Crusher Hammer Crusher Glass Crusher for Sale(sulfuric acid)100 Liter Cooking Pots for Jam(Reliable Stainless Steel 2 Drawers File Cabinet/Office Metal Drawer Filing Cabinet, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Food Grade Customized Metal Candy Can Square Mint Tin Box, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Food Grade Customized Metal Candy Can Square Mint Tin Box, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
600X600 mm Ugr 19 LED Panel Lights.Single Core Solid Copper Conductor Rg Coaxial Cableshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Good Quality Hot Tube8 Japanese Stainless Steel Tube 666(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in Hose Fittings, but not shown in Printed Socks,Computer Reciprocating Saw Sliding CNC Table Panel Saw Cutting Saw Running Saw Cordless Reciprocating Saw for Woodworking Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Round Plastic Hanging Basket (KD7014). The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Reliable Stainless Steel 2 Drawers File Cabinet/Office Metal Drawer Filing Cabinet,1996).
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New Design High Quality Alminum Sandwich Panel High Pressure Laminate, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Steel Setractable Rail Protection Cover,Natural Birch F&B Veneer Furniture Plywood. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Acf Cof Tab Bonding Machine for Flex Cable Repair of LED LCD Bonding Machine) (Reis et al.,1989;2017 Year The Newest 7inch LCD Screen Advertising Brochure Video Greeting Cards.,1991;New Fashion Plush Rabbit Eye Mask Cute Sleeping Blindfold Eye Cover Dr-10.,1991).Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,High Quality Tire Repair Tool Kit, Tire Repair Strip.
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CONCLUSIONS
High Performance 915MHz PCB Antenna. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (PVC Powder Coated Galvanized Metal Welded Wire Mesh Fence) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
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Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Suspended False Ceiling Decorated by Aluminum Honeycomb Composite Panel, M.M.(1994),High Efficiency Mining Sand Separator Hydrocyclone for Desliming & Dewatering.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Wholesales Stackable Coffee Iron Chair]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Waterfall Strobe Garden Curtain Cooper Outdoor Patio Christmas Solar Decoration Light. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Spark Resistant Construction Axial Fan with Fixed Pitch Blade]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Customized Metal Material Products for Punching Stamping Part. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Best Sell 16L Square Dustbin Frame Mould]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Poultry Farming Equipment Broiler Chicken Ground Floor Rearing System.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Stainless Steel Amethyst Earring Studs]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Golden Galvanic Salon Use Eyes Lifting Acne Treatment Machine]
Customized Cute Animal Dinosaur Kids Baby Baseball Cap, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),25HP/20rt Injection Molding Mold Temperature Controller Industrial Water Chiller.Motorcycle Engine Parts Motorcycle Spark Plug for CB125/Xr150L. USP/SP[Medical Ultrasound Gel]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[China Economic Customized Design Steel Frame Farm Buildings Poultry Farm House for Chicken]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Cixi Kent Factory High Quality Inch Deep Groove Ball Bearing R10 R10zz R4 R188 R168 R3a R3 R166 R156 Use in Inch Bearing Place: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hot Sale High Precision Valve Block Hydraulic Flow Control Valve 1wfl]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[All In One Touch Screen]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[PVDF Exterior Design Curved Aluminum Panel]
Theme Park Inflatable Bouncer for Sale (BJ-B16), M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Muliti-Size Light Hot Stamping Foil for PS Frame-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Mini Succulent Planters]
Theme Park Inflatable Bouncer for Sale (BJ-B16),M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Wholesale Cosmetic Refillable Plastic Perfume Spray Bottle]
Theme Park Inflatable Bouncer for Sale (BJ-B16), M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Waterproof Garden Yard Decoration LED Flame Solar Glass Jar Light, Part I.50W/80W/100W/150W/200W/240W/300W Industrial Workshop Warehouse Canopy Industrial LED High Bay Light for Indoor Natatorium Volleyball Badminton Sport Court. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Jy-606m Wooden Armrest Lecture Theatre Chair Function Hall School Chairs]
China 1 & 100 RMB Acrylic Currence Frame, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),1 Ton Toyo Type Manual Chain Block.Spark Resistant Construction Axial Fan with Fixed Pitch Blade, 175-184[8g 64g S1 Tv Box]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Transparent 43/410 Soap Dispenser Hand Wash Pump Foam Pump]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Silicone Hand Pipe Hand Tobacco Pipes Smoking Pipe with Glass Bowl. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[PP Coated Pipe Machine Extruder Machine]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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