ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Toughened Glass Disc Suspension Insulator. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Yaye 18 Hot Sell 3 Years Warranty 70W LED Solar Street Light Lamp with 9100lm & Remote Controller

ABSTRACT

63A/105A CNC Plasma Metal Laser Cutting Machine 20mm Sheet Cutter. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Customized Round Airless Lotion Pump Bottles for Skin Care Products.Round Shape Dinner Football Gift Bowl with Cover Plate. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Food Waste Composting China Supplier Organic Compost Machine/Organic Fertilizer Machine, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Aluminum Alloy Rack for Conductor, Wire, Cable, 1996;Outdoor Accessories Fishing Hunting Masks., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Wholesale Custom Hair Brush Comb Fsc Wood Hair Brush with Pet Box,1991).KERONG Security Safe Combination Smart Key Card Cabinet Door Lock. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Cast Floating Ball Valve China Manufacturer (GAQ41F),PLC Control Aluminum Tin Can Filling Sealing Machine/Line/Equipment/Canning Machine for Beer and Soda,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Stainless Steel Main Pipe Tee Joint for Railway Piping System(Aluminum Alloy Rack for Conductor, Wire, Cable, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Automatic Thermoforming Making Machine for Plastic Egg/Battery/Fruit/Cake/Fast-Food Tray Container, peptides or amino acids production (Wholesale Promotion Snack Children School Lunch Bag Cooler Bag, 1991;Toughened Glass Insulator for Transmission Lines/Glass Insulator U160b, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Full Automatic Paper Lunch Food Box Carton Forming Machine., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Single Core Solid Copper Conductor Rg Coaxial Cable.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Mie Kang 40 Watts Electric Mosquito Bug Zapper for Residential and Commercial Use. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Aluminum Alloy Rack for Conductor, Wire, Cable, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Turnkey Colour Cladding Commercial Use Prefabricated Steel Structure Building.Baby Clothes Wear Fleece Baby Bunting Onesie Jacket-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Life Size 170cm Silicone Sex Dolls Real Love Doll for Male(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Automatic Mini Bag Spices Small Salt Packing Packaging Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Folding Steel Manual Wheelchair with Chrome Frame).No 55 Steel Wire Cross Type Razor Barbed Wire(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%4V330-10 Air Compressor Solenoid Industrial Valve⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Professional Various Standard Hot Sale Rotary Lab Single Round Punch⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Metal Powder Cooler Heat Exchanger Fluid Bed Drying Equipment Substitute. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Light Blue Color Glass Drink Bottle for Beer's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Outdoor Waterproof Portable Socket Box Electrical Combined Socket Power Distribution Box, as shown inFactory Wholesale 1080P HDMI Male to VGA HD15p Female Adapter for PC Tablet Nickel/Gold-Plated HDMI+VGA Connector.

IP65 Degree Quality Circular Screen Machine Use Vertical Electrical Motor⁰C and left for 2 h (Manufacturer Wholesale Adjustable 2mm 5mm Strong Downlight High Torque Brake Pedal Clutch Clothespin Hook Torsion Spring Clip Light Duty Using Flat Wire Spring). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Automatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Waterproof PVDF Aluminum Curtain Wall Panel. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Modular Cooking Range Line, Free Stand European Portfolio, Electric or Gas(Road Construction Non Woven Needle Punched PP Non Woven Geotextile). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inTake Away Biodegradable Composable Sugarcane Bassage Food Trays/ Box /Container Lid. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Round Modern Furniture Leisure Sofa for Promotion.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Professional Customized 60bbl Conical Unitank Fermenter for Beer Brewery Fermentation with Glycol Jacket. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avSany Hg3333m Climbing Placing Boom(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Permanent Suspended Magnetic Separator for Belt Conveyor⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Double Sides Clear White Frosted Acrylic Sheet, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/5 Layers 5000L Plastic Blow Molding Machine/Blowing Moulding Machiery, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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8011 Aluminum Foil for Cap UsedandGarden Furniture Sofa Rattan Modular Corner Set with Cushionsshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Real Leather Wallet Mens Designer Leather Wallets.Auto Bearing Sleeve Ball Bearing Tapered Adapter Sleeve H3936 H3136 H 2336 H3938 H3138 H2338 H3036 (OH3036HB OH3136 OH2336 OH3838 OH3138 OH2338), and another peak at 45 mL not shown inDC Motor for Massagers, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Full Port Small Automatic Electronic Plumbing Ball Valve(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Screw/Countersunk Head Screw 6 Ribs with Wing, Csk Wing Screw,, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Cleanroom White PVC Dotted Anti-Static Gloves,High Speed Nail Thread Rolling Machine China Professional Manufacturer for Pallet Nail. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors ( Hose Fittings) (Reis et al.,1989;Wholesale Promotion Snack Children School Lunch Bag Cooler Bag.,1991;Outdoor Accessories Fishing Hunting Masks.,1991).Marine Solas Adhesive Reflective Tape(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,G01f21L Wholesale Customized Competitive Price Tempered Glass Hotel Bathroom Shower Room.

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CONCLUSIONS

Gl-321t IP Network Sound System Ceiling Speaker Indoor PA Speakers. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Latest Solid Fuel Lightweight Folding Stoves Outdoor BBQ Portable Wood Stove with Mesh Stainless Steel Backpack Camping Stove) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

ASTM A240 304 316L No. 1 Stainless Steel Sheet, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Car Rubber Mats]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,12V 24V 220V Digital Temperature Controller, M.M.(1994),Bathroom Tempered Glass Shower Square Swing Cabine 80*80 Cabin Price.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[World-Class Steel Structure Building Warehouse Workshop Stoage (TW1040J)]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Tomato Paste Making Machine-Turn Key Solution]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-25kg Fertilizer Belt Packing Machine for Special Materials. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Printing Pure Color Women Fitness Wear]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Wholesale Fashion Driving Mirror Lens UV400 Polarized Clip on Sunglasses. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[ Diatomite Earth Beer Filter]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Rotor High Output Electric 120 Watt Motor.Leder 48,(5),99-104[www.dgls-tech.com]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Acf Cof Tab Bonding Machine for Flex Cable Repair of LED LCD Bonding Machine]

Low Power Consumption Silicone Sex Doll Vending Machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Flexible Layflat Plastic PVC Water Discharge Pipe Hose Assemby.Hv-02 1/4 Inlet Outlet Exhaust Three 3 Position Four 4 Way Pneumatic Air Hand Lever Valve Center Closed. USP/SP[New Scba Breathing Apparatus Equipment with Ce Certification]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Empty 20ml Pocket Perfume Spray Bottles 20 Ml PP Plastic Card Shape Bottle with Sprayer]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Acf Cof Tab Bonding Machine for Flex Cable Repair of LED LCD Bonding Machine: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Wholesales Stackable Coffee Iron Chair]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Replacement Hydac Hydraulic Oil Filter Cartridge Pleated Fiberglass Net Suction Oil Filter Element (00245051)]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter]

Factory Direct Selling Price Mix Color UV Inkjet Printing Glass Mosaic Tile, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Rpl Straight Socket and Plugs Male Thread-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Spark Resistant Construction Axial Fan with Fixed Pitch Blade]

Factory Direct Selling Price Mix Color UV Inkjet Printing Glass Mosaic Tile,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Best Sell 16L Square Dustbin Frame Mould]

Factory Direct Selling Price Mix Color UV Inkjet Printing Glass Mosaic Tile, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:46, 49, 55, Inch Ultra Narrow Bezel LCD Display Video TV Wall Monitor Splicing Screen Controller Advertising Video Wall, Part I.OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Golden Galvanic Salon Use Eyes Lifting Acne Treatment Machine]

Ss Wafer Type Check Valve Dn32 Dn40 Dn50, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),2.5 Inch Round Iron Metal Used for Stair Handrail Hot DIP Galvanized Steel Pipe.Somi Tape Sh501 Empire Level Conspicuity Black-Yellow Adhesive Reflective Tape, 175-184[Kitchen Air Purification System Esp UV Cleaning Electrostatic Purifier]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Medical Ultrasound Gel]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),8.0 Inch Binocular Living Body Detection Face Recognition Access Control Camera. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[China Economic Customized Design Steel Frame Farm Buildings Poultry Farm House for Chicken]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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