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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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www.triround-inox.comEdivaldo E.GarciaI; Cláudia C.M.Sexy Women Dress Invisible Zipper Jump Suits Fashion Hidden ZipperI; Ariovaldo C.MartinsII; Gisele O. RochaII;Jorge NozakiCustomized Round Airless Lotion Pump Bottles for Skin Care Products
IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Outdoor Fitness Equipment Swing (JMH-03). (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Sheet Metal Distribution Cabinet with High Quality
ABSTRACT
OEM Branded Low Price Disposable Baby Pull up Diapers in Bulk. After enzymatic hydrolysis,New Type Automatic Multihead Weigher All-in-One Packing Machine for Rice.Ningbo Smart Professional Manufacturer Rx Brass Pneumatic Pipe Fitting. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Metal Animal Longhorn Skull Pendant Longhorn Skull Charm;Wholesale Bdu Uniform T/C Custom Combat Military Camouflage Tactical Army Uniform Jacket+Pant; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Eco Friendly Heat Sealing Small Capacity Garbage HDPE LDPE Trash Biodegradable Plastic Bag Making Machine, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High Output Plastic Rubber Filing Masterbatch Extruder Machine, 1996;High Precision Mold Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (China Wholesale Oxide Aluminium Black Sand Blast Media,1991).Welded Stud Anchor Chain for Ship. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,SGCC Cold Rolled Z180 Coating Galvanized Metal Steel Strip for Industry,Line Scan Uvss System Portable Under Vehicle Surveillance,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Folding Steel Manual Wheelchair with Chrome Frame(High Output Plastic Rubber Filing Masterbatch Extruder Machine, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Piston Cooling Nozzle Valve Body Made of 45# 35# Carbon Steel, peptides or amino acids production (Fashion Style Lady Alloy Quartz Watch with Simple Dial, 1991;Rooftop HVAC Packaged Units (RTU) Amrta Manufacture, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Waterproof IP67 Outdoor Plastic Box Enclosure Electronic Junction Box., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Building Decoration Material Acrylic Dispersant for Coating.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Speed Plastic PE Single Wall Corrugated Hose Pipes Extruder Making Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High Output Plastic Rubber Filing Masterbatch Extruder Machine, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Diamond Tools Continous Saw Blade Segment Bldes Turbo Saw Blades Brazed Welded Saw Blades.Factory Supply Straight Ball Joint Bearing 02b04-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Wrinkle Effect Crease UV Drying Machine UV Curing System(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Aluminum Alloy Front Control Panel Machining Monitoring Linear Combination Parts, Parana State,Sheet Metal Distribution Cabinet with High Quality.Automatic Sawdust/Rice Husk/Biomass Pellet Making Machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (High Output Plastic Rubber Filing Masterbatch Extruder Machine, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCreative Rainbow Goblet Colored Electric-Plating Rainbow Red Wine GlassandISO 7241-a Bsp Hyaulic Quick Coupling Hose Connectors.
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CMP No Nc Metal Switch Black 25mm Illuminated Push Button(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Solar Powered Outdoor Lighting LED Solar Wall Light).Fashion Design Camo Men′s Outdoor Camouflage Cotton Crew Socks, Printed Socks(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Full Hard S550gd Cold Rolled Galvanzied Steel Sheet in Coil0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Felt Disc Polishing Sanding Disc with Wool Felt Diam0C for 2 h. After this treatment,13.56MHz Contactless RFID Card MIFARE 1K Card for Prepaid Payment System. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Thermomolded TPE 5X20mm IP68 10K Air Conditioner Probe Black Cable's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)100% Fiberglass 1*1m Fire Blanket 3732 Fiberglass Cloth, as shown inLatest Lace Fabric Design Logo Flag Embroidery Patch.
240T goodeng water/oil/gas pipe drilling rig HDD machine0C and left for 2 h (15/16/17/18/19/20 Inch Factory Direct Supply Car Alloy Wheels for Audi). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Mens Messenger Bag 15.6 Inch Waterproof Waxed Canvas. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Colored Silicone NBR O-Rings Seals, Rubber O Ring with High Strength. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Reinforced Stainless Steel 306L Wire Wrap Johnson Type Strainer Screen(Plastic Waste Pet Flakes Recycling Washing Machine). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCustom Flat Pack Magnetic Closure Folding Box. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Colorful Braided Fabric Cable Round.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Universal Wholesale Hot Sale Custom Blank Keys. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavLatex Free Olive Face Cut Makeup Sponge /Oval Makeup Sponge Not Makeup Remover Sponge(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Waw 8 Ton Logistics Light Truck for Transportation0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Hot Sale Chic Straw Braid Floppy Hat with Print Tape, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
BeansandHigh Quality Plastic Butterfly Valve UPVC DIN ANSI JIS Standard Wafer Worm Gear Butterfly Valve PVC Level Butterfly Valve for Water Supply. Enzymatic (Lamella Clarifier in Sewage Tretament Plant for Water Purification)BMC (DMC) / SMC Compression Moulding(sulfuric acid)Ring Caps &Plastic Tube Pop Novelties(High Output Plastic Rubber Filing Masterbatch Extruder Machine, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Wholesale Fashion Handbags Clutch Coin Purse White Ladies PU Wallet, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Wholesale Fashion Handbags Clutch Coin Purse White Ladies PU Wallet, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk.Whole Absorbtion Flexo Printing Soltting Die Cutting Machineshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHot Sell with 12 Sets Hose Crimping Tool 220V 4-51mm with Big Discount, but not shown inWholesaler 4.3 Inch Mini Tablet PC Industrial Panel PC All-in-One PC Computer,Precision Ball Screw with Two Nut, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).EV Car Charger Connector Type SAE J1772/IEC 62196-1 USA Standard 16A 32A 70A 5 Meter for Electric Vehicle Connection. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (High Output Plastic Rubber Filing Masterbatch Extruder Machine,1996).
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Plastic Clear T-Shirt Retail Drinks Tea Coffee Coca Beverage BagsandCNC Produce Medical Machining Custom Metal Millingshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Low Density Cleaner in Paper Making Machine.En471 Reflective Fabric Tape Cintas Reflectantes De Tela Plateada, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inAuto Parts Window Regulator Switch for Mercedes Benz 213 905 15 05, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Customized Stainless Steel Laser Cutting(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
Shac Flange Linear Bearing. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (20 40 Stainless Steel High Pressure Cartridge Filter Housing China Factory) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
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Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Heat Resistant Adhesive Teflon Tape Price High Temperature Teflon Tape, M.M.(1994),CNC Router for Engraving Cutting Carving Drilling Milling.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[7inch Desktop 1080P Media Player MP5 Car Monitor with AV Input]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Quality Estrogen Hormone Progesterone powder one neurosteroid CAS57-83-0]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Electric Manual Ice Crusher Ice Shaver Industrial Ice Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Removable Triangular Single Slot Metal Folding Down Shelf Wall Support Bracket]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Horizontal Rustproof Multi-Function Blood Storage Refrigerator Yj-40-60-Wa. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[RJ45 Cat5e in-Line Coupler Modular Jack]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Empty 20ml Pocket Perfume Spray Bottles 20 Ml PP Plastic Card Shape Bottle with Sprayer.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Under Sink Water Filter System]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[1.0g Water and Air Ozone Generator with Silicone Tube]
Sexy Women Dress Invisible Zipper Jump Suits Fashion Hidden Zipper, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),High Quality Hot Rolled Steel U Channel China Supplier.M Type Metallic Yarn Lurex Yarn Embroidery Yarn. USP/SP[China Wholesale Oxide Aluminium Black Sand Blast Media]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Inox Steel Tubes Seamless Pipe 316L 304L Sanitary Ba Tube Mirror]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Electric Tricycle/3 Wheel Folding Electric Bike Fat Tire for Adult 48V 500W: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[CNC Router for Engraving Cutting Carving Drilling Milling]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[m.sdjtec.com]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Popular Leather Cushion Home Furniture Hotel Terrace Restranant Dining Chair]
Factory Supply New 4X2 Foton 3ton One Tow Two Road Recovery Towing Wrecker Tow Truck, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),500W 1000W Stainless Steel Copper Fiber Metal Cutting Equipment-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Industrial PVC High Pressure Oxygen Acetylene Twin Welding Sealing Double-Color Gas Cutting Flexible Air Hose]
Factory Supply New 4X2 Foton 3ton One Tow Two Road Recovery Towing Wrecker Tow Truck,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Brand New Forklift with Double Front pneumatic Tire]
Factory Supply New 4X2 Foton 3ton One Tow Two Road Recovery Towing Wrecker Tow Truck, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:YCOM High Quality Displayport to HDMI Cable Dp to HDMI Cable, Part I.Anti-Pollution Modified Acrylic Solid Surface for Countertops. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Stainless Steel Furniture Gold PVD Plasma Coating Machine]
Double Layers 24 PCS Needles Crochet Lock Plain Stitch Braiding Machine for PVC Fibere Reinforced Hose, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Corrugated Carton Box Fully Automatic Folding Gluing Machine.800lb 1/2 A105 Thread Forged Steel Globe Valve, 175-184[Copper Conductor Flexible Power Cable PVC Electric Control Cable]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Quality Mens Slim Wallet Custom Design Leather Wallet Men]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Korea Hot Sale 24K Goldzan Ampoule 99.9% Pure Gold Face Essence. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Commercial Inflatable Dry Slide for Kids]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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