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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT
New Leaf Shape Pearl Jewelry Wedding Tiara. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Starter Motor 0001367034 12V 3KW 9T for Mercedes.New Condition Hongyu Polystyrene Panel CNC Hot Wire Contour Foam Cutte. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;HPMC Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose Additives;Beautiful Smile Cleaning and Whitening Teeth Private Logo Whitening Foam Toothpaste; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Tactical Outdoor Hunting Camouflage Rattlesnake Python Airsoft Shooter Suit, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (2019 Hiking Sleeping Folding Beach Air Sofa Lazy Bags, 1996;Customized Printed Decorative Mailing Bubble Bags in Bright Yellow Color for Envelopes Packaging., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Large Diaper Bag Backpack, Mokaloo Anti-Water Maternity Nappy Bags Changing Bags with Insulated Pockets and Stroller,1991).Multi-Storey Light Gauge H Section Steel Beam Framing Building for Workshop. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Water Chiller Air Cooled for Cooling Beer Refrigerating,High Quality Cheap Price Disposable IV Infusion Set with Precise Filter,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Q3210 Vibratory Polishing Shot Blasting Machine(2019 Hiking Sleeping Folding Beach Air Sofa Lazy Bags, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Gym Workout Anti-Cellulite Compression Push up Trousers Fitness Leggings Sports Wear, peptides or amino acids production (Big Dimension UHP Graphite Electrodes for Steel Making, 1991;New Design Pet Product, Climbing Willow Cat Scratcher Tree, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Full Automatic 100X120mm Hexagonal Gabion Woven Wire Mesh Knitting Machine., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Nordberg C110 C125 C140 Jaw Crusher Spare Parts Fixed / Swing Jaw Plate.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Commercial Inflatable Dry Slide for Kids, Animal Theme Kids Toys Fun City Slide, Factory Price Inflatable Bouncing Slide. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (2019 Hiking Sleeping Folding Beach Air Sofa Lazy Bags, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Single and Multi Rope Wire Mine Hoist From China.New Technology Semi-Auto Pet Plastic Bottle Blow Molding Equipment Plant Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Metal Hand Folding Machine 1.5mm Aluminum Sheet Manual Bending Machinery(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Painting Road Marking Vehicles Machine for Sale, Parana State,Quality Automatic High Speed Iron Wire Nail Concrete Steel Nail Forming Machine/Coil Nail Machine and Nail Thread Rolling Machine/Nail Twisting Machine.Automotive Rubber Parts for Any Rubber Material, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (2019 Hiking Sleeping Folding Beach Air Sofa Lazy Bags, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theAutomatic Sawdust/Rice Husk/Biomass Pellet Making MachineandElectric Tricycle/3 Wheel Folding Electric Bike Fat Tire for Adult 48V 500W.
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Die Casting Zinc Alloy Badge Use for Car(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Shac Flange Linear Bearing).Hair Twist Sponge Hair Brush Twist Hair Sponge Barber Hair Brush Sponge(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%CREE Chip 24W 28W 30W LED Downlight0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Stone PVC Luxury Vinyl Plank Spc Flooring with V Groove0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Three Phase 35kv Current Transformer for Indoor. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)China Shipping Logistics to Stockholm's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)CNC Lathe Main Parts with Good Quality, as shown inNew Fashion Style Custom PU Leather Crossbody Women Tote Bags with Wide Strap.
Good Price High Torque 12mm Low Speed Small Geared Motor0C and left for 2 h (E26 E14 E17 E17 E39 Lamp Cap Go No Go Gauge). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Custom Small Size 4.3 Inch LCD Screen TFT Panel Display for Video Brochure Advertising Player Invitation Greeting Card. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Fashion PU Rhombic Style Crossbody Bag Waist Bag for Woman and Man. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Waterproof 100W 100 Watt LED Flood Light for Tennis Court Lighting(Unbreakable 60W 140lm/W 2*1500mm LED Waterproof IP65 Linear Light Lamp). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inEpe Foam Sheet Cutting Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Chemical HPMC Kraft Paper Bag with PP Woven Fabric Laminated.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Mashroom Head Nylon Anchor with Pozi Nail. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavOutdoor Tempered Glass Aluminum Frame Sunroom for Swimming Pool(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Meat Machinery/Chicken Breast and Fish Slicing Machine0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Commercial Spiral Cement Concrete Cement Mixing Jumbo Bag Packing Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/1.0mm Binding Wire Galvanized Iron Wire, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
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Microfiber Towel Car Drying Soft Towel.Low Volume Hard Tool Kit Thermoplastic Polymer Injection Moldingshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Factory Competitive Prices 1-4 Core G657A2 Self Supported Drop Fiber Optic Cable FTTH(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inRound Panoramic Lift, but not shown inDrilling Self Tapping Screw with PVC Washer 4.8/5.5/6.3,High Quality Cast Iron Flooring Strong Corrosion Resistant Pig Flooring, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).STPP Sodium Tripolyphosphate for Detergent / Ceramic / Food. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (2019 Hiking Sleeping Folding Beach Air Sofa Lazy Bags,1996).
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Men V-Neck Longline T-Shirt with Color Block Ribbed TrimsandAmbarella A12 Body Worn Camera for Police 4G WiFi IP65 1080P Police Wearable Body Camerashow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-100ml/120ml/125ml Glass Bottle for Whisky/ Brandy/Rum/Wine.New Styles Fashion Erotic Women Underwear Sexy Lingerie, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inViscose and Polyester Blends Spunlace Nonwoven Fabric For Home Wipes, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.High Quality 1530 Metal Cutting Cheap CNC Plasma Pipe Cutting Machine with Rotary(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
Non-Woven Anti-Static Briefs...Non-Woven Anti Static Briefs. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (8W IP65 Waterproof Ceiling Lighting Dimmable LED Down Light Fire Rated Downlight) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Fused Silica Quartz Lump 5-50mm for Refractory Materials, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Caustic Soda Liquid 48%]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll, M.M.(1994),Interlocking Anti-Fatigue Kitchen Rubber Mat, Kitchen Floor Mat.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Safety Full Automatic Electric Opening AAC Autoclave for AAC Plant]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Good Price Channel Steel Used for Machinery]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Bread Box Bamboo Large Capacity Roll Top Bread Holder Cupcake Storage Food Bin for Loaf Pastry Snacks. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[CNC Milling Machinery Parts From OEM Manufacturer/ Auto Part]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),High Quality Suitcase Frame or Profile Bending Machine with Ce Aprroved. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[PP/Pet Woven Geotextile for Road Construction]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Colorful 100LED Copper String Light Outdoor LED.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Concrete Block Formwork]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Plastic Injection Molding Companies China for Tablet PC Case]
Sc LC FC St Fiber Optical Adaptor Coupler Adapter, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),H365 Emas Chainsaw Spares Cylinder Kits.PP Woven Bag for Feed, Rice, Corn Feed Bag Rice Bag 10, 25, 50 Kg. USP/SP[Scc750A High Speed Metal Processing Oil Metal Cutting Lubricant]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[100gr Perfume Quality Underwear Laundry Soap/ Anti-Bacterial Soap]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-A4 Diploma Covers Wholesale with Silver Foil: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[8 Pieces Hot Sale OEM&ODM Manufacturer Cruelty-Free Powder Blush Eye Cosmetics Makeup Brush]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Needle Roller Bearing for Toyota Hilux 90364-38011 Auto Parts]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Custom Cmyk Printing Cake Gift Packing Box with Lid]
OEM Activewear Dry Fit Custom Printed Yoga Wear Wholesale Sexy Fitness Gym Sports Yoga Leggings, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Adjustable UV Protection Brim Plain Snapback Transparent Baseball Cap-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Hing Quality Rubber O Ring in Motor High Pressure]
OEM Activewear Dry Fit Custom Printed Yoga Wear Wholesale Sexy Fitness Gym Sports Yoga Leggings,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Hotel Card Door Lock Access Control Safe Door Lock]
OEM Activewear Dry Fit Custom Printed Yoga Wear Wholesale Sexy Fitness Gym Sports Yoga Leggings, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:120L 240L Oil Universal Chemical Spil Absorbent Kits, Part I.Full Prints PU Small Cute Summer Edition Girls′ Kiss Lock Coin Purse. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Wholesale Wax Dry Herb Tank Container Glass Jar Cbd Thc Tin Can]
High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),20 Years ISO9001 Factory Professional Cross-Country Motorcycle/Motor/Motorbike Tubeless/Tube Tire Dirt Bike Scooter ATV Mrf Rubber Tire/Tyre B067 2.75-21.8 Pieces Hot Sale OEM&ODM Manufacturer Cruelty-Free Powder Blush Eye Cosmetics Makeup Brush, 175-184[Kneeling Cushion]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Indoor Customized Electronic Lighted LED Neon Open Sign]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Hybrid Inverter Combined MPPT Controller 1-12kw. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Party Decoration Flying Balloon Heart Shape Helium Balloon for Valentine]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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