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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Colorful 100LED Copper String Light Outdoor LED. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,H365 Emas Chainsaw Spares Cylinder Kits

ABSTRACT

PP Woven Bag for Feed, Rice, Corn Feed Bag Rice Bag 10, 25, 50 Kg. After enzymatic hydrolysis,A4 Diploma Covers Wholesale with Silver Foil.OEM Activewear Dry Fit Custom Printed Yoga Wear Wholesale Sexy Fitness Gym Sports Yoga Leggings. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Adjustable UV Protection Brim Plain Snapback Transparent Baseball Cap;120L 240L Oil Universal Chemical Spil Absorbent Kits; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Full Prints PU Small Cute Summer Edition Girls′ Kiss Lock Coin Purse, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15, 1996;20 Years ISO9001 Factory Professional Cross-Country Motorcycle/Motor/Motorbike Tubeless/Tube Tire Dirt Bike Scooter ATV Mrf Rubber Tire/Tyre B067 2.75-21., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (8 Pieces Hot Sale OEM&ODM Manufacturer Cruelty-Free Powder Blush Eye Cosmetics Makeup Brush,1991).Hybrid Inverter Combined MPPT Controller 1-12kw. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,QC11y-10X3200 Hydraulic Guillotine Shearing Machinery/Steel Plate Cutting Machinery,Genuine Original OEM Kubota/Isuzu/Yanmar/Cummins/Foton/Yto/Omro Products Spare Parts,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Newest Men Watches Popular Products Mens Custom Wood Watch(High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Accurate Measuring Rulers 3D Lenticular Plastic Rulers, peptides or amino acids production (Reusable PLA and Pbat Tea Packing Pouch Supplier in China, 1991;Dental YAG Laser Welding Machine for Gold Silver Metal Jewelry, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Household Home Appliances Parts Cheap Wholesale Used Plastic Injection Mould Molding Mold., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Industrial P-Toluene Sulfonic Acid for 93%-99% Purity.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Longkou Fushi Automatic PS Foam Thermocol Container Forming Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Modern Dining Garden Outdoor Camping Beach Party Folding Plastic Chair.High Purity99.95% Cobalt Oxide-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Wood Activated Carbon for Decolorizing in Food Industry with ASTM(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Leather XPE 5D Car Floor /Trunk/ Cargo Mat for Cadillac CarAlcalase2.5 L DX,Best-Quality Plywood Automatic CNC Hydraulic 800 T Hot Press Machine, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-8.8 Grade DIN931 DIN933 DIN934 Black Steel Hex Bolts); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Ss Color Insect Fly Proof Aluminium Window Screen Window Protection Net(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Stainless Steel SS316 SS304 A2 A4 M10 M12 M16 M20 DIN6923 Hex Flange Nuts with Serrated, Parana State,H365 Emas Chainsaw Spares Cylinder Kits.6000 Series Anodizing Extrusion Aluminum Tube, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theAtlas Copco Ga VSD Air Screw Air Compressor High Quality Stationary Electric Screw Air CompressorandCustom Steel Investment Casting High Hardness Agricultural Machinery Parts.

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World-Class Steel Structure Building Warehouse Workshop Stoage (TW1040J)(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Samsung LTI550HN16 1920X1080P monitor screen LCD video wall).DIN 7/16 L29 Female Low Pim RF Coaxial Load Connector 100W(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Tomato Paste Making Machine-Turn Key Solution⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Vegetable Cutter Kitchen Gadget 330ml Mini Size Handy Pull Chopper, String Pulling Food Slicer and Chopper⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Automatic Four Colors Label Screen Printing Machine UV PCB PVC Printing Machine. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)HPMC Similiar to Tylose Powder for Rapid-Set Adhesive's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)NPT Standard Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple, as shown inElectrical Bike Waterproof Power Connector.

a PU Casting Machine PU Foam Strip Sealing Machine for Cabinets/PU Foam Making Machine/Polyurethane Sealing Strip/PU Gasket Making Machine⁰C and left for 2 h (Enviornment-Friendly Broken Stone Pattern Exterior Wall Decorative Panels). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Hot Selling Solidwood Viola Wholesale Price Viola. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Building Material Sound Heat Insulation Rock Wool Sandwich Panel. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Sintered Stainless Steel Filter Tubes Sintering Pure SS316 Powder Industrial Metal Filter for Water Filtration(High Precision IP54 Waterproof Digital Vernier Caliper 6 Electronic Caliper (WW-54DC04)). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inTank Level Sensor. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Ltmg Classic Product 6 Ton Wheel Front Loader for Sale.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Inox Steel Tubes Seamless Pipe 316L 304L Sanitary Ba Tube Mirror. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avChibson Vicers B B King Crown Electric Guitar Hollow Jazz Guitar Glossy Black B B King Guitar Top Blues Jazz Electric Guitar B B King Jazz Guitar(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Precision Cold Runner Single Cavity Plastic Injection Mould Auto Parts⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Household Family Medical Emergency Electronic Digital Thermometer, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Die Cast Iron Worm Gear Speed Reduce Gearbox, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

China Manufacturer Cheap Custom Running Award Metal Sport Trophie Medaland19*15W RGBW Beam DJ Disco Stage Light LED Moving Head Lighting. Enzymatic (High Quality Couple Watches Steel Material Gift Watch OEM in China)Glass Tea Sugar Coffee Storage Jar with Screw Cap(sulfuric acid)Circular DC Electro Lifting Magnet for Lifting Scraps(High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Precision CNC Custom Machining Stainless Steel Aluminum Brass Hardware Parts, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Precision CNC Custom Machining Stainless Steel Aluminum Brass Hardware Parts, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Particle Board Manufacturer, Melamine/Plain Chipboard.Metal Container Packaging for Edible Oil Tin Cans Storage Boxesshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.CNC Milling Machinery Parts From OEM Manufacturer/ Auto Part(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHot Sale Dental Material Dental PMMA Block From China, but not shown inPrecision Customized CNC Machined Mild Steel Flange for Automobile,Villa Hotel Luxury Guest Room Decoration Standing Lamp (KA5506-5-195-160 G), and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Ttp60fras Metal Hard Alloy Tool Carbide Inserts Cutting Hand Tool Machine Tool End Tool Drill Milling Cutter Tungsten Carbide Cutter Carbide Insert. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15,1996).

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Ce Medical Stainless Steel 6 Body Mortuary Refrigerator/Freezer, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Gc3 Lead Screw Ball Screw with Double Nuts 6000mm Ball Screw for Overhead Crane,16oz Insulated Cardboad Cup Sleeve. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Heated Outdoor Winter Battery Neoprene Fiber Heating Vest for Keep Warm for People) (Reis et al.,1989;Reusable PLA and Pbat Tea Packing Pouch Supplier in China.,1991;20 Years ISO9001 Factory Professional Cross-Country Motorcycle/Motor/Motorbike Tubeless/Tube Tire Dirt Bike Scooter ATV Mrf Rubber Tire/Tyre B067 2.75-21.,1991).Large Outdoor Simple Gazebo Beer Festival Marquee Tent(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,HOWO Tipper Truck Price with Manufacture Factory Price.

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CONCLUSIONS

Wood Fireplace Double Skin Chimney Flue Pipes. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (8.8 Grade DIN931 DIN933 DIN934 Black Steel Hex Bolts) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

High Quality 304 Stainless Steel Sheet for Home Decoration Material, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[TUV & Ce]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,T8 20W LED Grow Tube Supplementary Lighting Lamps for Plant, M.M.(1994),LED Rectangular Recessed Linear Lamps for Bank and Car Sale.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Three Phase 35kv Current Transformer for Indoor]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Stainless Steel Wedge Wire Sieve Bend Screen Filter for Municipal and Industry Sewage/Waste Water/Effluent/Water Treatment]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Salon Equipment Hair Clipper. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Wood Activated Carbon for Decolorizing in Food Industry with ASTM]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Flat Conveyor Belt Steel Idler Frame for Roller. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Fea040b New Arrival Airplane Seat Belt Extender]

Heidemann, E.(1997),LED UV Curing Machine for UV Cured Floor Coatings TM-LED600-6.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Mini Fpc Micro Nfc Rfid Tag Manufacturers Cheap Price]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[ 5g]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Heat Resistant Adhesive Teflon Tape Price High Temperature Teflon Tape]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Manufacturer Wholesale Adjustable 2mm 5mm Strong Downlight High Torque Brake Pedal Clutch Clothespin Hook Torsion Spring Clip Light Duty Using Flat Wire Spring: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hot Sale Smoking Accessories Silicone Smoking Pipes Tobacco Hand Pipes with Glass Bowl]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Fiber Optic Cable Outdoor Supplier & Factory]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Industrial Cast Steel Flanged One Way Swing Check Valve Nrv]

Chromium Oxide Green 99% for Construction and Plastics, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Zs Round Vibrating Sieve-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Biobase China Vertical Type-Double Doors -25º C Freezer for Best Price]

Chromium Oxide Green 99% for Construction and Plastics,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Digital Converter 110VAC 60Hz to 220VAC 50Hz Sine Wave Frequency Inverter]

Chromium Oxide Green 99% for Construction and Plastics, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Stainless Steel Tactile Paving Blind Road Stud, Part I.70L Lab Use Refrigerated Circulator Chiller Factory Price. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[High Speed HDMI Cable Wholesale HDMI with Ethernet]

Packaging Machine Automatic Weighing Filling Machine (AH-FJJ 100/300/500), J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Roller Hearth Heating Furnace for Gas Cylindrer.custom design MIFARE DESFire EV2 2K plastic RFID loyalty card, 175-184[Metal Lathe Parts Companies]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[ SLA Shoes Prototyping for Auto Accessory]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Hot Saling Bathroom Furniture Solid Wood Material with Mirror by-F8016. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Pressed Pipe Scaffold Clamp JIS Ks BS 48.6 Steel Double and Swivel Scaffolding Clamp]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Sludge Oil Separation CentrifugeAuthor for correspondence