ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Professional Exporter of Wheat Flour Mill Plant (80t). After enzymatic hydrolysis,ASTM 316 304 420 Stainless Steel Welded Pipe Coil Tube.Food Waste Composting China Supplier Organic Compost Machine/Organic Fertilizer Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Aluminum Alloy Rack for Conductor, Wire, Cable;Outdoor Accessories Fishing Hunting Masks; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Wholesale Custom Hair Brush Comb Fsc Wood Hair Brush with Pet Box, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (KERONG Security Safe Combination Smart Key Card Cabinet Door Lock, 1996;Cast Floating Ball Valve China Manufacturer (GAQ41F)., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (PLC Control Aluminum Tin Can Filling Sealing Machine/Line/Equipment/Canning Machine for Beer and Soda,1991).Stainless Steel Main Pipe Tee Joint for Railway Piping System. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Automatic Thermoforming Making Machine for Plastic Egg/Battery/Fruit/Cake/Fast-Food Tray Container,Wholesale Promotion Snack Children School Lunch Bag Cooler Bag,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Toughened Glass Insulator for Transmission Lines/Glass Insulator U160b(KERONG Security Safe Combination Smart Key Card Cabinet Door Lock, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Full Automatic Paper Lunch Food Box Carton Forming Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Single Core Solid Copper Conductor Rg Coaxial Cable, 1991;Mie Kang 40 Watts Electric Mosquito Bug Zapper for Residential and Commercial Use, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Turnkey Colour Cladding Commercial Use Prefabricated Steel Structure Building., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Baby Clothes Wear Fleece Baby Bunting Onesie Jacket.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Life Size 170cm Silicone Sex Dolls Real Love Doll for Male. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (KERONG Security Safe Combination Smart Key Card Cabinet Door Lock, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Reflective Sheeting Material for Licence Plate.Industrial Grade Nitrous Oxide for Hot Sales-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Latest Solid Fuel Lightweight Folding Stoves Outdoor BBQ Portable Wood Stove with Mesh Stainless Steel Backpack Camping Stove(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Food Grade 40ml 100ml Pudding Glass Bottle Mini Milk Bottle with Cork or CapAlcalase2.5 L DX,Fire Alarm Detector 24VDC Reflective Beam Detector, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Wholesale Cosmetic Refillable Plastic Perfume Spray Bottle); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Automatic Mini Bag Spices Small Salt Packing Packaging Machine(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

No 55 Steel Wire Cross Type Razor Barbed Wire, Parana State,Round Shape Dinner Football Gift Bowl with Cover Plate.4V330-10 Air Compressor Solenoid Industrial Valve, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (KERONG Security Safe Combination Smart Key Card Cabinet Door Lock, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theWaterproof Garden Yard Decoration LED Flame Solar Glass Jar LightandCustomized Stainless Steel Laser Cutting.

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Professional Various Standard Hot Sale Rotary Lab Single Round Punch(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Heavy Duty 22oz PVC Vinyl Flatbed Cargo Tarpaulin Roll).Metal Powder Cooler Heat Exchanger Fluid Bed Drying Equipment Substitute(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Light Blue Color Glass Drink Bottle for Beer⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Outdoor Waterproof Portable Socket Box Electrical Combined Socket Power Distribution Box⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,IP65 Degree Quality Circular Screen Machine Use Vertical Electrical Motor. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Automatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Waterproof PVDF Aluminum Curtain Wall Panel, as shown inBoat Aluminum Pipe 5083 Marine Used Aluminum Tube.

Modular Cooking Range Line, Free Stand European Portfolio, Electric or Gas⁰C and left for 2 h (Monochrome FSTN Positive Transflective Custom LCD Display St7567-G4d 128X64 Cog Graphic LCD Module with White LED). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Round Modern Furniture Leisure Sofa for Promotion. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Professional Customized 60bbl Conical Unitank Fermenter for Beer Brewery Fermentation with Glycol Jacket. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Sany Hg3333m Climbing Placing Boom(Multi Sensor Nilitary Surveillance Thermal Imaging Security camera). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inPex Al Pipe Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Plastic Packaging Tray Vacuum Forming Machine.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Permanent Suspended Magnetic Separator for Belt Conveyor. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avDouble Sides Clear White Frosted Acrylic Sheet(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.20W Solar Street Light with Lens Motion Sensor 2 Years Warranty⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/CNC Machined Power Transmission Shaft Part, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Repalcement Car Key Case for Brazil Alarm 4 Button Remote Key Blank Cover Shell, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

China Cube Ice Maker Parts / Ice Machines Maker CubeandGood Price Channel Steel Used for Machinery. Enzymatic (Diesel Engine Spare Parts for Generator Spare Parts China Diesel Generator)Vacuum Timber Drying Machine 10 Cbm Capacity with Advanced High Frequency Technology(sulfuric acid)Hot Sell with 12 Sets Hose Crimping Tool 220V 4-51mm with Big Discount(KERONG Security Safe Combination Smart Key Card Cabinet Door Lock, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Factory Direct Sale Patent up to Down Rubber Tile Curing Press, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Factory Direct Sale Patent up to Down Rubber Tile Curing Press, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Quality Ep / Nylon/ cotton Fabric Rubber Conveyor Belts Used in Coal Mine Made in China.Electroless Nickel Copper-Clad Laminate Flexible Multilayer Rigid Double-Sided PCBshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Real Leather Wallet Mens Designer Leather Wallets(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inCustom Logo Aluminum Foil Wallet ID Credit Card Holder Anti RFID Scanning, but not shown inH365 Emas Chainsaw Spares Cylinder Kits,Auto Bearing Sleeve Ball Bearing Tapered Adapter Sleeve H3936 H3136 H 2336 H3938 H3138 H2338 H3036 (OH3036HB OH3136 OH2336 OH3838 OH3138 OH2338), and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Full Port Small Automatic Electronic Plumbing Ball Valve. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (KERONG Security Safe Combination Smart Key Card Cabinet Door Lock,1996).

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High Purity99.95% Cobalt OxideandWholesale Fashion Driving Mirror Lens UV400 Polarized Clip on Sunglassesshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Screw/Countersunk Head Screw 6 Ribs with Wing, Csk Wing Screw,.Cleanroom White PVC Dotted Anti-Static Gloves, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inFolding Steel Manual Wheelchair with Chrome Frame, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.High Speed Nail Thread Rolling Machine China Professional Manufacturer for Pallet Nail(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Marine Solas Adhesive Reflective Tape, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.G01f21L Wholesale Customized Competitive Price Tempered Glass Hotel Bathroom Shower Room,Gl-321t IP Network Sound System Ceiling Speaker Indoor PA Speakers. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Manufacturer Wholesale Adjustable 2mm 5mm Strong Downlight High Torque Brake Pedal Clutch Clothespin Hook Torsion Spring Clip Light Duty Using Flat Wire Spring) (Reis et al.,1989;Single Core Solid Copper Conductor Rg Coaxial Cable.,1991;Cast Floating Ball Valve China Manufacturer (GAQ41F).,1991).ASTM A240 304 316L No. 1 Stainless Steel Sheet(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,12V 24V 220V Digital Temperature Controller.

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CONCLUSIONS

Bathroom Tempered Glass Shower Square Swing Cabine 80*80 Cabin Price. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Wholesale Cosmetic Refillable Plastic Perfume Spray Bottle) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

25kg Fertilizer Belt Packing Machine for Special Materials, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Composite Tension Insulator/ Suspension Insulator 110kv 70kn to 160kn (FXBW)]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Wholesale Fashion Driving Mirror Lens UV400 Polarized Clip on Sunglasses, M.M.(1994),Rotor High Output Electric 120 Watt Motor.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[custom design MIFARE DESFire EV2 2K plastic RFID loyalty card]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Flexible Layflat Plastic PVC Water Discharge Pipe Hose Assemby. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Dark Green Decorative Garden Welded Wire Mesh Fencing]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Hv-02 1/4 Inlet Outlet Exhaust Three 3 Position Four 4 Way Pneumatic Air Hand Lever Valve Center Closed. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Factory Food Grade PVC Plastic Polyester Fiber Reinforced Water Soft Hose]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Acf Cof Tab Bonding Machine for Flex Cable Repair of LED LCD Bonding Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[m.etonsmtauto.com]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[8011 Aluminum Foil for Cap Used]

63A/105A CNC Plasma Metal Laser Cutting Machine 20mm Sheet Cutter, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Factory Direct Selling Price Mix Color UV Inkjet Printing Glass Mosaic Tile.Rpl Straight Socket and Plugs Male Thread. USP/SP[Garden Furniture Sofa Rattan Modular Corner Set with Cushions]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[DC Motor for Massagers]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-46, 49, 55, Inch Ultra Narrow Bezel LCD Display Video TV Wall Monitor Splicing Screen Controller Advertising Video Wall: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Single Core Solid Copper Conductor Rg Coaxial Cable]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Bos-CH Engine Spare Parts Ec210 Ec210b D6d Fuel Injector Ec210 Injector 0445120067]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[ Hose Fittings]

OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Ss Wafer Type Check Valve Dn32 Dn40 Dn50-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[ Printed Socks]

OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Rotary Automatic Wet Wipe Production Linewet Wipes Machine RM-Wl30]

OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:2.5 Inch Round Iron Metal Used for Stair Handrail Hot DIP Galvanized Steel Pipe, Part I.Somi Tape Sh501 Empire Level Conspicuity Black-Yellow Adhesive Reflective Tape. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[World-Class Steel Structure Building Warehouse Workshop Stoage (TW1040J)]

8.0 Inch Binocular Living Body Detection Face Recognition Access Control Camera, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),WPC Wood Plastic Board Equipment Extruder Machine.Craft Socket & Wrench Tool Set Car Repairing Tools 94PCS, 175-184[Hot Dipped and Pregalvanized Round Galvanized Pipe End Caps]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Tomato Paste Making Machine-Turn Key Solution]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Neoprene Elbow Support. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Printing Pure Color Women Fitness Wear]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Diatomite Earth Beer FilterAuthor for correspondence