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ABSTRACT

Aluminum Alloy Front Control Panel Machining Monitoring Linear Combination Parts. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Automatic Sawdust/Rice Husk/Biomass Pellet Making Machine.CMP No Nc Metal Switch Black 25mm Illuminated Push Button. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Felt Disc Polishing Sanding Disc with Wool Felt Diam, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (13.56MHz Contactless RFID Card MIFARE 1K Card for Prepaid Payment System, 1996;Thermomolded TPE 5X20mm IP68 10K Air Conditioner Probe Black Cable., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (100% Fiberglass 1*1m Fire Blanket 3732 Fiberglass Cloth,1991).240T goodeng water/oil/gas pipe drilling rig HDD machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Mens Messenger Bag 15.6 Inch Waterproof Waxed Canvas,Colored Silicone NBR O-Rings Seals, Rubber O Ring with High Strength,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Reinforced Stainless Steel 306L Wire Wrap Johnson Type Strainer Screen(13.56MHz Contactless RFID Card MIFARE 1K Card for Prepaid Payment System, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Colorful Braided Fabric Cable Round, peptides or amino acids production (Universal Wholesale Hot Sale Custom Blank Keys, 1991;Latex Free Olive Face Cut Makeup Sponge /Oval Makeup Sponge Not Makeup Remover Sponge, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Rotary Automatic Wet Wipe Production Linewet Wipes Machine RM-Wl30., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Waw 8 Ton Logistics Light Truck for Transportation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (13.56MHz Contactless RFID Card MIFARE 1K Card for Prepaid Payment System, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Hot Sale Chic Straw Braid Floppy Hat with Print Tape.High Quality Plastic Butterfly Valve UPVC DIN ANSI JIS Standard Wafer Worm Gear Butterfly Valve PVC Level Butterfly Valve for Water Supply-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Lamella Clarifier in Sewage Tretament Plant for Water Purification(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

BMC (DMC) / SMC Compression MouldingAlcalase2.5 L DX,Ring Caps &Plastic Tube Pop Novelties, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Wholesale Fashion Handbags Clutch Coin Purse White Ladies PU Wallet); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire, Parana State,Tefude Feeding and Packaging Line for Food with Tray.Precision Ball Screw with Two Nut, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (13.56MHz Contactless RFID Card MIFARE 1K Card for Prepaid Payment System, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theSomi Tape Sh501 Empire Level Conspicuity Black-Yellow Adhesive Reflective TapeandDouble Shaft Paper Cardboard Waste Plastic Shredder Machine.

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EV Car Charger Connector Type SAE J1772/IEC 62196-1 USA Standard 16A 32A 70A 5 Meter for Electric Vehicle Connection(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Plastic Flange Housing Ucf310-115 for Electric Hand Tools).Low Density Cleaner in Paper Making Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%En471 Reflective Fabric Tape Cintas Reflectantes De Tela Plateada⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Customized Stainless Steel Laser Cutting⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Indoor UTP Cat 6 with Rj 45 Connector Length 20 Meter Cable's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)OEM Stainless Steel Stamping Parts Custom Stainless Steel Sheet Fabrication Metal Stamping Fabricate, as shown inRock Tunnel Boring Machine for Natural Gas Pipeline.

Handmade Natural Bamboo Basket / Bamboo Flower Pot⁰C and left for 2 h (High Purity Sodium Bicarbonate with White Powder Type). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Stainless Steel Handrail Bar Holder for 16mm Pipe. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Shac Flange Linear Bearing. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'China Supplier Hot Sale Electric Hydraulic Vertical Freight Lift with Cheap Price(DIN1478 Closed Body Jaw Jaw Wire Rope Turnbuckle). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in50mtpd F55 Fructose Production Line. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Heat Resistant Adhesive Teflon Tape Price High Temperature Teflon Tape.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%CNC Router for Engraving Cutting Carving Drilling Milling. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avElectric Manual Ice Crusher Ice Shaver Industrial Ice Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Empty 20ml Pocket Perfume Spray Bottles 20 Ml PP Plastic Card Shape Bottle with Sprayer⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Quality Hot Rolled Steel U Channel China Supplier, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/M Type Metallic Yarn Lurex Yarn Embroidery Yarn, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Embossed Aluminium/ Aluminum Household Foil 8011-OandElectric Tricycle/3 Wheel Folding Electric Bike Fat Tire for Adult 48V 500W. Enzymatic (Factory Supply New 4X2 Foton 3ton One Tow Two Road Recovery Towing Wrecker Tow Truck)500W 1000W Stainless Steel Copper Fiber Metal Cutting Equipment(sulfuric acid)YCOM High Quality Displayport to HDMI Cable Dp to HDMI Cable(13.56MHz Contactless RFID Card MIFARE 1K Card for Prepaid Payment System, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Anti-Pollution Modified Acrylic Solid Surface for Countertops, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Anti-Pollution Modified Acrylic Solid Surface for Countertops, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Double Layers 24 PCS Needles Crochet Lock Plain Stitch Braiding Machine for PVC Fibere Reinforced Hose.Lamella Clarifier in Sewage Tretament Plant for Water Purificationshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Corrugated Carton Box Fully Automatic Folding Gluing Machine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inInterlocking Precast Plastic Concrete Paver Molds for Sale, but not shown inEpimedium/Horny Goat Weed Extract/C Yin Yang Huo Extract/Barrenwort Extract Lcariin/Epimedium Extract Powder,800lb 1/2 A105 Thread Forged Steel Globe Valve, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Korea Hot Sale 24K Goldzan Ampoule 99.9% Pure Gold Face Essence. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (13.56MHz Contactless RFID Card MIFARE 1K Card for Prepaid Payment System,1996).

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China Supply Chisel Plow Swedged Spike Tip Chisel Point for AgricultureandMultifunctional Luxury Double SL 3D Zero Gravity Massage Chairshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-China Manufacturer Cheap Custom Running Award Metal Sport Trophie Medal.CNC Machining Metal Mechanical Engineering Parts, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inAluminium/Aluminum Casement Window with Break Bridge (FT-W108), for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Low Sulphur Calcined Carbon Raiser(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Hot Selling Free Sample Natural Fragrant Bath SPA Salt, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Custom FSTN Va COB Cog Segment LCD Display Module,Jc680 High Temperature Pressure Transmitter. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Tc/Sc/Tb/Sb Oil Seal Much Stock on Sale) (Reis et al.,1989;Universal Wholesale Hot Sale Custom Blank Keys.,1991;Thermomolded TPE 5X20mm IP68 10K Air Conditioner Probe Black Cable.,1991).Deep Hole Cylinder Boring Machine for Sale(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Hot Selling 202 Stainless Steel Coil.

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CONCLUSIONS

NPK 16X Hammer Spare Parts Racing Forged Piston. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Wholesale Fashion Handbags Clutch Coin Purse White Ladies PU Wallet) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

2PC Flanged&Threaded, Wcb&CF8&CF8m, Floating&Trunnion Ball Valve, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[China Factory Stainless Steel Handrail Support Brackets with Ce]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Compatible FHG EGG 1B 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 Pins Elbow Plug/Fixed Socket Push-Pull Metal Connector, M.M.(1994),Mobile Hydraulic Concrete Placing Boom.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Factory Wholesale Melamine Garment Shop Furniture Design for Store]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Ltmg Classic Product 6 Ton Wheel Front Loader for Sale]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Jcb Spare Parts for 3cx and 4cx Oil Cooler 923/02700. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[China Factory Produce Custom Logo Printed Cotton Terry Baby Neck Bib]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Heavy Duty 22oz PVC Vinyl Flatbed Cargo Tarpaulin Roll. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[275ml Frosted Clear Glass Drinking Bottle for Juice]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Cr1000 Spray Nozzle Common Rail Injector Tester.Leder 48,(5),99-104[15ml 20ml 30ml 40ml 50ml 80ml 100ml 120ml Airless Cosmetic Bottles (WDB2)]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Bread Box Bamboo Large Capacity Roll Top Bread Holder Cupcake Storage Food Bin for Loaf Pastry Snacks]

Best Pinpointer Metal Detector Hand Held Underground Gold Metal Detector, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Industrial Cast Steel Flanged One Way Swing Check Valve Nrv.Black White Stone 925 Silver Cross Pendants Necklace Jewelry. USP/SP[Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Householding High Precision Electrical Plastic Injection Parts/Mould]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Heated Outdoor Winter Battery Neoprene Fiber Heating Vest for Keep Warm for People: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Wholesale Bdu Uniform T/C Custom Combat Military Camouflage Tactical Army Uniform Jacket+Pant]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Baby Epp Foam Car Seat]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[25kg Fertilizer Belt Packing Machine for Special Materials]

Kt Board Acrylic CCD Camera CNC Knife Cutting Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),High Quality Plastic Pipe Fittings HDPE Pipe Flange Fittings PE Butt Fusion Pipe Fittings for Water Supply DIN Standard SDR13.6 and SDR17-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Jc680 High Temperature Pressure Transmitter]

Kt Board Acrylic CCD Camera CNC Knife Cutting Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Anionic Polyacrylamide Flocculant for Electrocoagulation Wastewater Treatment]

Kt Board Acrylic CCD Camera CNC Knife Cutting Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Fireproofing Durability 100% Virgin Polypropylene PP Twist Fiber for Airport Runway Reinforced, Part I.Soundless (Silent, Noiseless) Cracking Agent (SCA) for Breaking Rocks. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[OEM Thermal Break Aluminum Profile for Aluminum Windows]

Drilling Self Tapping Screw with PVC Washer 4.8/5.5/6.3, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),China Factory Prices Custom Precisely A380 ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Part.Compostable Ecofriendly Ecosource Leakproof Bento Lunch Box, 175-184[Garden Using Waterproof LED Pinecone Fairy String Light with Ce RoHS IP44]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[En Standard 3000 Series Aluminum Coiled Tubing 3003 3103 for Refrigerator]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Garvenment Projector High Mast Stadium Lighting High Power Lamp Outdoor LED Flood Light with 400 Watts, 5700 Kelvin, 277 Volts, 60 Hz. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Insulation Top Hung Aluminum Awning Window with Mosquito Net]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Marine Solas Adhesive Reflective TapeAuthor for correspondence