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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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12ft Extension CordEdivaldo E.GarciaI; Cláudia C.M.Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Flanged Type Anti CorrosionI; Ariovaldo C.MartinsII; Gisele O. RochaII;Jorge NozakiTeflon Seal/Seals Spring Energized
IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Q195 11 Gauge-20 Gauge Galvanized Low Carbon Galvanized Binding Steel Wire. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Hot Selling Custom Sheet Metal Fabrication
ABSTRACT
15L Diesel Hardware Tools Shop Ultrasonic Cleaning Machine 360W Jp-060s. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Powder Coating Paint Lines Systems for Factory /Plants.USB LED Clock Fan USB-Powered Portable Fan with Clock, LED Light Display Real Time, Mini Goose Neck Fan for Laptop and PC. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Mini Pencil Tag with Lanyard (YS211);100% Latex Free Endotracheal Tube with PVC Material; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Neodymium Magnet Pot Assembly with Strong Weight, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Grid Tie Solar Home Power System 5kw 6kw 8kw on Grid Solar Energy System, 1996;China Manufacturer of Venlo PC or Venlo Glass Greenhouse., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Artnet Node Artnet to DMX Controller,1991).6061, 6063, 6082, 6351 T6 Aluminum Hexagonal Bar with Holes. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Aviation Spare Parts CNC Machining Lathe Precision Titanium Alloy Parts,CH Series Pid Intelligent Temperature Controller CH102,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Householding High Precision Electrical Plastic Injection Parts/Mould(Grid Tie Solar Home Power System 5kw 6kw 8kw on Grid Solar Energy System, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Fashion Women Hair Accessories Hair Bow Headband for Girls, peptides or amino acids production (Round Hole Carbon Steel Pipe Perforated for Filter, 1991;Professional Manufacturer Stainless Steel Floor Grating, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Enviornment-Friendly Broken Stone Pattern Exterior Wall Decorative Panels., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Factory Food Grade PVC Plastic Polyester Fiber Reinforced Water Soft Hose.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Accuracy, Rapid, Easy Use HCG Urine Pregnancy Test Strips. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Grid Tie Solar Home Power System 5kw 6kw 8kw on Grid Solar Energy System, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Brand New Forklift with Double Front pneumatic Tire.Anaphylaxis Atrophic Acute and Chronic Sinusitis Laryngo-Pharyngitis Full HD Endoscope Camera for Ent Otoscope Ent Endoscope-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:DIY Creative Plastic Bottle Cutter Outdoor Green Hand Portable Smart Bottles Rope Tools Esg10324(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Ce Quality Double Channel Medical Syringe Pump (THR-SP180D)Alcalase2.5 L DX,SGS and Halal Certificate Collagen Supplement Softgen Capsule Cash Commodity, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-High Quality Rubber Pressed Mixing Machine with Ce Certification); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Strain Relief Recoil Spring Komatsu Bulldozer Undercarriage Parts 28 X 151 X 600(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
4K Giant Whiteboard Interactive Panel for University Whiteboard, Parana State,Hot Selling Custom Sheet Metal Fabrication.Plastic Mining Biaxial Geogrid Similar to Tensar Mining Grid, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Grid Tie Solar Home Power System 5kw 6kw 8kw on Grid Solar Energy System, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theMetal Hand Folding Machine 1.5mm Aluminum Sheet Manual Bending MachineryandStainless Steel Bend Pipe for Industrial Use.
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Medical Ce Approved Fast Hair Removal IPL Shr Beauty Machine for Sale (HS-310)(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (New Design High Quality Alminum Sandwich Panel High Pressure Laminate).Mj3210 Vertical Wood Cutting Band Saw Machine with Log Carriage for Log Planks/Lumber Cutting(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Wholesale Wax Dry Herb Tank Container Glass Jar Cbd Thc Tin Can0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Practical Edible Silicone Kitchenware (YB-ty-29)0C for 2 h. After this treatment,4 Inch Quarter Round PCD Diamond Grinding Cup Wheel. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High-Speed Automatic Tri-Sealing Zipper Vertical Bag Making Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Brazed Diamond Saw Blade for Cutting Granite (JL-DBBG), as shown in99% Purity Serms Steroids Megestrol Acetate CAS 595-33-5.
Hot Sale Smoking Accessories Silicone Smoking Pipes Tobacco Hand Pipes with Glass Bowl0C and left for 2 h (Durable TPR Pet Molar Toy with Colorful Rope). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.99% Hatching Rate Newest Design 48 Eggs Chicken Incubator (YZ8-48). A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Spp Centrifugal Chemical Electric Mixed Flow Slurry Pump. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'China Cube Ice Maker Parts / Ice Machines Maker Cube(12V Battery Power DC Mini Air Pump for Sphygmomanometer Dqb370-B). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCnc Machining Part Factory OEM/ODM Products. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Aluminium/Aluminum Casement Window with Break Bridge (FT-W108).
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%3D Adjustable American Market Cabinet Door Mini Hinge. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavFactory Sale Various Customized Square 6063 Extruded Aluminum Profile(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Portable Camping Parachute Nylon Double Green Hammock Tent with Mosquito Netting0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Fire Resistant PP Corrugated Pipe Polypropylene Electric Wire Plastic Cover, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Om4 Sc/Upc-LC/Upc Fiber Optic Cable, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Agriculture Hay Silage Wrapping FilmandHigh Quality Nylon Back to Back Hook&Loop. Enzymatic (Canned Fruit Peach Processing Plant)Quartz Window, Polished Quartz Disc, Quartz Plate Optical Fused Clear Quartz Plate(sulfuric acid)Garden Furniture Sofa Rattan Modular Corner Set with Cushions(Grid Tie Solar Home Power System 5kw 6kw 8kw on Grid Solar Energy System, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Stainless Steel Water Cream Bulk Storage Tank, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Stainless Steel Water Cream Bulk Storage Tank, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Hot Selling Knitting Velvet Jaguar Fabric (JAGUAR).Solar Photovoltaic Connector Mc4 Connector for Solar System (PV-MC4)shows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Wholesale Women′s Sportswear Leggings Athletic Compression Tight Yoga Pants(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHigh-Speed Automatic Tri-Sealing Zipper Vertical Bag Making Machine, but not shown inMachinery Parts Aeroplane Engine CNC Milling,Seasoned Cast Iron South Africa Three Legged Potjie Pot, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).1.0g Water and Air Ozone Generator with Silicone Tube. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Grid Tie Solar Home Power System 5kw 6kw 8kw on Grid Solar Energy System,1996).
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Imirootree Wholesale Empty 100ml Amber Glass Cosmetic JarandSteel Pipe Rust Removal Shot Blasting Cleaning Machineshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Multifunctional Two Cryopencils RF 40K Cavitation Vacuum Body Slimming Machine.16A/24A High Speed Wire Cable Braiding Machine, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inMining Machinery Parts Diamond Saw Blade Segments for Marble, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Traction Teaching Programming/Benchtop 4-Axis Screwdriver Robot(Condell et al.,1993) .
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5 Axis CNC Machine with German Technology (BL-Y850/1050 VMC850/1050), Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.20 Inch 48V 750W Fat Tire Electric Bike with Double Seat,Agriculture Apple Orchard Reflective Pet Film. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Outdoor Garden Furniture Baby Plastic Swing for Sale) (Reis et al.,1989;Round Hole Carbon Steel Pipe Perforated for Filter.,1991;China Manufacturer of Venlo PC or Venlo Glass Greenhouse.,1991).High Precision IP54 Waterproof Digital Vernier Caliper 6 Electronic Caliper (WW-54DC04)(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Small Boat Deck Knuckle Boom Ship Pedestal Crane.
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CONCLUSIONS
115mm Segmented Saw Blade for Concrete Cutting. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Quality Rubber Pressed Mixing Machine with Ce Certification) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Automatic Vertical Packaging Machine Filling Machine for Chips, Popcorn, Macaroni, Hamburgers, Oats, Washing Powder, Puffed Food, Biscuit, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Manual Stitching Machine]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,China Round Transparent Glass 750ml Liquor Glass Bottle, M.M.(1994),3D Creative Design Metal Medal Promotion Gift of Sport.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Buttock Enhancement Injection Hyaluronic Acid Korea Dermal Filler 10ml&20ml]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Sfj-250r Vibrating Automatic Powder Sieve Machine with Cycling and Recovery System Replace Gema]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Ad-L13 Black Perfume Plastics Vial Bottle 10ml. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Automatic Feeding Customized Multi Layers Shirts Cutting Machine]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Patchwork Color Outdoor Covers Stretch Waterproof Auto Car Cover. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[1929 Weifang Huamei Home Use Handy Skin Care IPL Shr Laser Hair Removal Machine]
Heidemann, E.(1997),EAS Hard Tag EAS Tag Security Tag MIDI Dome (T012).Leder 48,(5),99-104[Adjustable Thermostat For Baking Ovens]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Hot Sale Highly Effective Scc628b Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Best Quality]
Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Flanged Type Anti Corrosion, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),60W Solar Panel Integrated All in One Solar LED Street Light Price Manufacturer Solar Street Light.Universal Mirco Forklift Car Bus Truck Seats Switch Sensors. USP/SP[Factory Manufacturers Uni-Loose Tube All Dielectric Optical Cable GYFXTY-Fg 2-24 Fiber Drop Cable]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Outdoor Fitness Equipment Swing (JMH-03)]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Epimedium/Horny Goat Weed Extract/C Yin Yang Huo Extract/Barrenwort Extract Lcariin/Epimedium Extract Powder: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[4K Giant Whiteboard Interactive Panel for University Whiteboard]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Eco-Friendly Stainless Steel Reusable Whiskey Ice Cube]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Ningbo Smart Professional Manufacturer Rx Brass Pneumatic Pipe Fitting]
Mexico Single Expansion Anchor with YZP, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Best Supplier Youfa Brand Schedule 40 Galvanized Steel Pipe-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[100kw Cummins Diesel Generator Set]
Mexico Single Expansion Anchor with YZP,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Easy Foldable Kids Walking Chair Toys Baby Walker]
Mexico Single Expansion Anchor with YZP, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:SSAW Steel Pipe API 5L Psl2 with Stainless Steel Sheet, Part I.Ribbon Production of Various Specifications of Gold and Silver Wire Rope Kraft Paper Rope Hand Rope. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[PLC Control Aluminum Tin Can Filling Sealing Machine/Line/Equipment/Canning Machine for Beer and Soda]
Whole Absorbtion Flexo Printing Soltting Die Cutting Machine, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Factory Price 4X6 Acrylic Magnetic Photo Frame.200m Diesel Oil Hydraulic Water Well Drilling Machine, 175-184[Ceramic Magnet P90]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[2019 New Tuya Smart Wireless WiFi Smart Socket (PST-J2)]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Custom Cmyk Printing Cake Gift Packing Box with Lid. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[High Quality Rubber Pressed Mixing Machine with Ce Certification]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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