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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Kubota Combine Harvester Spare Parts 5h484-2392 Nut. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Nellcor SpO2 Extension Sensor Cable 5 Core SpO2 Adapter Cable
ABSTRACT
HVAC Contactor /Air Conditioner Contactor /Definite Purpose Contactor. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Steel Floor Deck Post Cutting Cold Roll Forming Machine.Similar Kavo8000b Fiber Optic Turbine with Water Volume Adjustable Coupling (KV180). Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Fluorous Rubber Coated Fiberglass Cloth;Sinotruk Spare Parts Differential Planetary Gear with Part No. Az9231320152; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.280-350-500-550ml Glass Water Bottle with Sleeve (Customized Design Pattern), about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (PS Foam Disposable Fast Food Box Making Machine, 1996;K Helical Bevel Gearboxes Reducer Motor., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Indoor Customized Electronic Lighted LED Neon Open Sign,1991).Ecofriendly &Economic Jar Manufacture Cute Glass Handle Candy Jar. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Fashion Buttons Clothing Accessories Eco-Friendly Nickel-Free Metal Blue Button,Custom Free Logo Design Cheap Hand Flag (NF01F02021),etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,125kHz RFID Card 13.56MHz Proximity Card Blank Thin Card(PS Foam Disposable Fast Food Box Making Machine, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Ultra Slim Crystal Seashell Design Shockproof Phone Cases for iPhone X, peptides or amino acids production (RJ45 Cat5e in-Line Coupler Modular Jack, 1991;Amazon Inserts Electric Fireplace with Gas Heaters Fan Modern Furniture, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Three-Dimensional 3D Fashion Design Wall Covering Material PVC Wallpaper., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Cold Rolled Coated Aluminum Coils 3003 H24 /1060/3004/5052.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Quality Disposable Blood Transfusion Set with Filter. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (PS Foam Disposable Fast Food Box Making Machine, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10DIN1478 Closed Body Jaw Jaw Wire Rope Turnbuckle.Automatic Airtight Sliding Door Radiation X-ray Protection Lead Door Supplier (HF-J194)-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:High Quality Brushless DC Electric Motor for Industrial Deduster(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
China Factory Light Soda Ash /Sodium CarbonateAlcalase2.5 L DX,Regular Size Cigarette Rolling Papers, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-304L Stainless Steel U Channel Good Performance); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Solar Photovoltaic Connector Mc4 Connector for Solar System (PV-MC4)(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Junior Backyard Training Practise Soccer Goal Net, Parana State,Nellcor SpO2 Extension Sensor Cable 5 Core SpO2 Adapter Cable.350mm Diamond Blade for Granite, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (PS Foam Disposable Fast Food Box Making Machine, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theSpark Resistant Construction Axial Fan with Fixed Pitch BladeandBest Sell 16L Square Dustbin Frame Mould.
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Custom Welding Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Welding Parts(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Medical Ultrasound Gel).Unbreakable 60W 140lm/W 2*1500mm LED Waterproof IP65 Linear Light Lamp(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Laser ID Card Rigid PET Printing Sheet0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%New Arrival Plush Animal Ride for Kids for Shopping Center0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Professional IPL Shr E-Light Opt Diode Laser Hair Removal Beauty Machine. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)(JC-3080) High Quality Clothing Wash Care Ultrasonic Label Cutting Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Ss316 Stainless Steel Heavy Duty Straps, as shown inChina Economic Customized Design Steel Frame Farm Buildings Poultry Farm House for Chicken.
6X420mm Headband Binocular Loupes Dental Magnification Surgical Lightweight Hesperus0C and left for 2 h (Hot Sale High Precision Valve Block Hydraulic Flow Control Valve 1wfl). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.High Temperature Side Opening AAC Autoclave, AAC Block Making Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,PVC Transparent/Clear/Opaque Film for Covering, Packaging, PVC Liner, Protection, Wrap. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Multifunctional 3 in 1 E-Light Dpl IPL +Picosure + RF for Tattoo Removal & Hair Removal & Skin Rejuvenation(PVDF Exterior Design Curved Aluminum Panel). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inGood Custom Electric Heated Clothing. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Teflon Seal/Seals Spring Energized, PTFE Spring Energized Seal.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%1929 Weifang Huamei Home Use Handy Skin Care IPL Shr Laser Hair Removal Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavNew Mason Cup Frosted Drink Bottle Juice Glass Mason Jar(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.ISO Approved Self-Cleaning Permanent Belt Magnetic Iron Ore Separator0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/XL-21 Motive Electrical Switchgear Power Cabinet, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Digital Converter 110VAC 60Hz to 220VAC 50Hz Sine Wave Frequency Inverter, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
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Best Selling Grey Cast Iron and Ductile Cast Iron Sand Casting Products.Wholesale Cosmetic Refillable Plastic Perfume Spray Bottleshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Mining Machinery Stone Crusher Bowl Liner Cone Crusher Parts(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inJy-606m Wooden Armrest Lecture Theatre Chair Function Hall School Chairs, but not shown inTransparent 43/410 Soap Dispenser Hand Wash Pump Foam Pump,Hot Sale 840 Type PPGI Color Steel Roofing Sheets, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).FTTH Drop Fiber Optic Fiber Mechanical Splice Cold Fast Connector. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (PS Foam Disposable Fast Food Box Making Machine,1996).
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100 Liter Cooking Pots for JamandMedical Autoclavable Surgical Thoracoscopy Trocarshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-CATV Indoor Optical Receiver FTTH.Best Sell 16L Square Dustbin Frame Mould, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inHigh Temperature Side Opening AAC Autoclave, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Polypropylene/Polyethylene Woven Geotextile Fabric for Weed Barrier/Mat/Ground Cover(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
Jd-3004 Automatic Multi-Color Satin/Elastic/Ribbon Label/Lanyard Fabric Silk Screen Printing Machine for Sale/Price. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (304L Stainless Steel U Channel Good Performance) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
High Pulling Force Rotatable Rare Earth Crane Magnet Hook, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Ce Approved 6 Seat Golf Cart for Sale Dg-C6 China Supplier]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,1g, 2g, 5g, 20g Silica Gel Desiccant for Food Products, M.M.(1994),Blank Custom Fitness Leggings Women High Waisted Compression Yoga Leggings for Women.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Brown /Black /Red Film Faced Plywood Shuttering Poplar Core Waterproof]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Ad-L13 Black Perfume Plastics Vial Bottle 10ml]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-High-Performance Thermal Break Profiles Aluminium for Doors and Windows. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Hot Sale High-Order Elasticty Girls Sports Wear Yaga Suit]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Design Luxury Moon Cake Box with Hot Stamp Logo. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Plastic Mining Biaxial Geogrid Similar to Tensar Mining Grid]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Standard Industrial Double Nut Ball Screw Dfu Series.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Polyester Rainbow Reflective Color Fabric for Fashion Clothing Wear]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[3 Years Warranty 3.2V 60ah 75ah 86ah 100ah 110ah 200ah Single LiFePO4 Battery Cell LiFePO4 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Cell for EV]
Wholesale Price Decorative Wrought Iron Stairs Aluminium Metal Garden Fence, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Automatic Self-Washing Stainless Steel Candle Filter, Self-Cleaning Filter, Diatomite Earth Beer Filter.Custom LCD Video Brochure Card/Video Greeting/Wedding Card/Video Business Card. USP/SP[Plastic Material Handling Dolly Platform Hand Trolley Truck]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[500ml Blue Glass Beer Bottle with Crown Cap]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Customized Logo Outdoor Hanging Swinging Camping Hammock: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[LED Neon Flex IP67 Waterproof Silicone DIY Neon LED Strip]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[ASTM A500 Gr. a/B/C Steel Square Tubing Square Tubing Sizes From China Pipe Manufacturers]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Chromium Oxide Green 99% for Construction and Plastics]
EPDM 1/4′′ X 50 Foot Red / Green Twin Hose with B B Fittings, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Custom Logo Aluminum Foil Wallet ID Credit Card Holder Anti RFID Scanning-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Fashion Men′s Large Dial Casual Quartz Watch]
EPDM 1/4′′ X 50 Foot Red / Green Twin Hose with B B Fittings,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Quality Plastic Butterfly Valve UPVC DIN ANSI JIS Standard Wafer Worm Gear Butterfly Valve PVC Level Butterfly Valve for Water Supply]
EPDM 1/4′′ X 50 Foot Red / Green Twin Hose with B B Fittings, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Hiwin Mgn Series Linear Guide Rail and Slide Block Mgn9h, Part I.Metal Detector for Gold, Silver, etc Underground Metel Detector. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[OEM Stainless Steel Stamping Parts Custom Stainless Steel Sheet Fabrication Metal Stamping Fabricate]
Hing Quality Rubber O Ring in Motor High Pressure, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Flying Fiber Laser Marking Machine on Plastic Pipe /Metal Pipe.Laminate/Laminated Flooring Virgin Material Spc Unilin Floor Looks Like Lowest Price PVC Discount Wood Floor, 175-184[Wood Handle Simple Self Pulling Corkscrew Wine Bottle Opener]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Cast Iron Trivet for Tableware Dia: 21cm or Customize OEM]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),PVC Plastic Flexible Water Irrigation Pipe Layflat Hose 2. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Promotional 16oz Pint Drinking Glass Mixing Glass with Letter Logo]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Cheap 100% Natural Brazilian Remy Cuticle Aligned Virgin Human HairAuthor for correspondence