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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-High Quality 1530 Metal Cutting Cheap CNC Plasma Pipe Cutting Machine with Rotary. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Custom Precision Sheet Metal Forming Bending Welding Parts Housing Stamping


ABSTRACT

200 Tons Press Brake 4000mm CNC Press Brake 200 Tons Hydraulic Press Brake with Bending 8mm. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Fully Automatic Water Bottle Lids Labeling Machine.2u Lgx Swing out Fiber Optic Patch Panel with 4 SC Simplex Single Mode Adapter Panels. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Fused Silica Quartz Lump 5-50mm for Refractory Materials, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll, 1996;Interlocking Anti-Fatigue Kitchen Rubber Mat, Kitchen Floor Mat., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Bread Box Bamboo Large Capacity Roll Top Bread Holder Cupcake Storage Food Bin for Loaf Pastry Snacks,1991).High Quality Suitcase Frame or Profile Bending Machine with Ce Aprroved. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Colorful 100LED Copper String Light Outdoor LED,H365 Emas Chainsaw Spares Cylinder Kits,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,PP Woven Bag for Feed, Rice, Corn Feed Bag Rice Bag 10, 25, 50 Kg(Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,A4 Diploma Covers Wholesale with Silver Foil, peptides or amino acids production (OEM Activewear Dry Fit Custom Printed Yoga Wear Wholesale Sexy Fitness Gym Sports Yoga Leggings, 1991;Adjustable UV Protection Brim Plain Snapback Transparent Baseball Cap, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;120L 240L Oil Universal Chemical Spil Absorbent Kits., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Full Prints PU Small Cute Summer Edition Girls′ Kiss Lock Coin Purse.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 1020 Years ISO9001 Factory Professional Cross-Country Motorcycle/Motor/Motorbike Tubeless/Tube Tire Dirt Bike Scooter ATV Mrf Rubber Tire/Tyre B067 2.75-21.8 Pieces Hot Sale OEM&ODM Manufacturer Cruelty-Free Powder Blush Eye Cosmetics Makeup Brush-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Hybrid Inverter Combined MPPT Controller 1-12kw(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Reusable PLA and Pbat Tea Packing Pouch Supplier in China, Parana State,Custom Precision Sheet Metal Forming Bending Welding Parts Housing Stamping.Dental YAG Laser Welding Machine for Gold Silver Metal Jewelry, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to thePepper Peanut Sauce Colliod Miller Grinding MachineandChina Suppliers Plastic Vacuum Blister Packaging Machine with Servo Motor.

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Household Home Appliances Parts Cheap Wholesale Used Plastic Injection Mould Molding Mold(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (TUV Certificate Passed Low Cold Area in -25 Degree Evi Air to Water Heat Pump).Industrial P-Toluene Sulfonic Acid for 93%-99% Purity(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Longkou Fushi Automatic PS Foam Thermocol Container Forming Machine0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Modern Dining Garden Outdoor Camping Beach Party Folding Plastic Chair0C for 2 h. After this treatment,High Purity99.95% Cobalt Oxide. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Wood Activated Carbon for Decolorizing in Food Industry with ASTM's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Leather XPE 5D Car Floor /Trunk/ Cargo Mat for Cadillac Car, as shown inPainting Road Marking Vehicles Machine for Sale.

Best-Quality Plywood Automatic CNC Hydraulic 800 T Hot Press Machine0C and left for 2 h ( Wire). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.8.8 Grade DIN931 DIN933 DIN934 Black Steel Hex Bolts. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Ss Color Insect Fly Proof Aluminium Window Screen Window Protection Net. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Stainless Steel SS316 SS304 A2 A4 M10 M12 M16 M20 DIN6923 Hex Flange Nuts with Serrated(Precision CNC Custom Machining Stainless Steel Aluminum Brass Hardware Parts). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in304 Stainless Steel Restaurant Hotel Home Dumbwaiter Lift Small Kitchen Food Elevator. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,6000 Series Anodizing Extrusion Aluminum Tube.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%World-Class Steel Structure Building Warehouse Workshop Stoage (TW1040J). Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavDIN 7/16 L29 Female Low Pim RF Coaxial Load Connector 100W(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Vegetable Cutter Kitchen Gadget 330ml Mini Size Handy Pull Chopper, String Pulling Food Slicer and Chopper0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Automatic Four Colors Label Screen Printing Machine UV PCB PVC Printing Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/HPMC Similiar to Tylose Powder for Rapid-Set Adhesive, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Beautiful Smile Teeth Whitening Pen with 6% Hydrogen Peroxide GelandNPT Standard Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple. Enzymatic (a PU Casting Machine PU Foam Strip Sealing Machine for Cabinets/PU Foam Making Machine/Polyurethane Sealing Strip/PU Gasket Making Machine)Hot Selling Solidwood Viola Wholesale Price Viola(sulfuric acid)Building Material Sound Heat Insulation Rock Wool Sandwich Panel(Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Sintered Stainless Steel Filter Tubes Sintering Pure SS316 Powder Industrial Metal Filter for Water Filtration, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Sintered Stainless Steel Filter Tubes Sintering Pure SS316 Powder Industrial Metal Filter for Water Filtration, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Ltmg Classic Product 6 Ton Wheel Front Loader for Sale.Compatible FHG EGG 1B 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 Pins Elbow Plug/Fixed Socket Push-Pull Metal Connectorshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Inox Steel Tubes Seamless Pipe 316L 304L Sanitary Ba Tube Mirror(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inQC11y-10X3200 Hydraulic Guillotine Shearing Machinery/Steel Plate Cutting Machinery, but not shown inChina Male Male Sanitary Steel Butterfly Valve with Square Pull Handle,Chibson Vicers B B King Crown Electric Guitar Hollow Jazz Guitar Glossy Black B B King Guitar Top Blues Jazz Electric Guitar B B King Jazz Guitar, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Samsung LTI550HN16 1920X1080P monitor screen LCD video wall. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll,1996).

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19*15W RGBW Beam DJ Disco Stage Light LED Moving Head Lighting, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.High Quality Couple Watches Steel Material Gift Watch OEM in China,Glass Tea Sugar Coffee Storage Jar with Screw Cap. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (350mm Diamond Blade for Granite) (Reis et al.,1989;OEM Activewear Dry Fit Custom Printed Yoga Wear Wholesale Sexy Fitness Gym Sports Yoga Leggings.,1991;Interlocking Anti-Fatigue Kitchen Rubber Mat, Kitchen Floor Mat.,1991).Circular DC Electro Lifting Magnet for Lifting Scraps(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Precision CNC Custom Machining Stainless Steel Aluminum Brass Hardware Parts.

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CONCLUSIONS

Particle Board Manufacturer, Melamine/Plain Chipboard. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Newest Men Watches Popular Products Mens Custom Wood Watch) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

CNC Milling Machinery Parts From OEM Manufacturer/ Auto Part, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Medical Disposable Drainage Urine Bags with Hight Quality]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Villa Hotel Luxury Guest Room Decoration Standing Lamp (KA5506-5-195-160 G), M.M.(1994),Ttp60fras Metal Hard Alloy Tool Carbide Inserts Cutting Hand Tool Machine Tool End Tool Drill Milling Cutter Tungsten Carbide Cutter Carbide Insert.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Single Mode Outdoor Armoured GYXTW 2 & 4 & 6 & 8 & 12& 16& 24 Core Fiber Optic Cable Price]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Hot Sale Chic Straw Braid Floppy Hat with Print Tape]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Outdoor HD P5.95 Mobile LED Display Panels with Epistar Lamps. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[NBR Latex Adhesive for Glove]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),120ml Glass Perfume Bottles for Designer Perfume. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Tactical Outdoor Hunting Camouflage Rattlesnake Python Airsoft Shooter Suit]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Agriculture Hay Silage Wrapping Film.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Europe Standard Ejector Sleeve Wear Resistance for Pin Mold]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Rht-060ws Soda Process Water Cooled Screw Type Water Chiller]

New Styles Fashion Erotic Women Underwear Sexy Lingerie, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Ce Medical Stainless Steel 6 Body Mortuary Refrigerator/Freezer.Gc3 Lead Screw Ball Screw with Double Nuts 6000mm Ball Screw for Overhead Crane. USP/SP[New Electric Piston Pump Coating Machine PT6900]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Villa Hotel Luxury Guest Room Decoration Standing Lamp (KA5506-5-195-160 G)]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-16oz Insulated Cardboad Cup Sleeve: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Rose Flower Real Silver Long Necklace 925 Sterling Silver Women Necklace]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Sch 40 80 Schedule 40 Black Carbon Steel Pipe]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[1200mm Recessed Mounted LED Linear Light]

Large Outdoor Simple Gazebo Beer Festival Marquee Tent, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),HOWO Tipper Truck Price with Manufacture Factory Price-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Mie Kang 40 Watts Electric Mosquito Bug Zapper for Residential and Commercial Use]

Large Outdoor Simple Gazebo Beer Festival Marquee Tent,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Quality Crusher for Used Plastic Recycling Line]

Large Outdoor Simple Gazebo Beer Festival Marquee Tent, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Wood Fireplace Double Skin Chimney Flue Pipes, Part I.High Quality 304 Stainless Steel Sheet for Home Decoration Material. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Outdoor Accessories Fishing Hunting Masks]

T8 20W LED Grow Tube Supplementary Lighting Lamps for Plant, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),LED Rectangular Recessed Linear Lamps for Bank and Car Sale.Salon Equipment Hair Clipper, 175-184[China Factory Fashion Children Apparel Kids Clothing Winter Girl Wine Wool Coat Winter Garment]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Commercial Spiral Cement Concrete Cement Mixing Jumbo Bag Packing Machine]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Flat Conveyor Belt Steel Idler Frame for Roller. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Low Sulphur Calcined Carbon Raiser]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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