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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
Latex Free Olive Face Cut Makeup Sponge /Oval Makeup Sponge Not Makeup Remover Sponge
Iron Oxide Yellow Fe2o3.h2oEdivaldo E.GarciaI; Cláudia C.M.Rotary Automatic Wet Wipe Production Linewet Wipes Machine RM-Wl30I; Ariovaldo C.MartinsII; Gisele O. RochaII;Jorge NozakiOutdoor Full Color LED Video Wall
IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Waw 8 Ton Logistics Light Truck for Transportation. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle
ABSTRACT
Hot Sale Chic Straw Braid Floppy Hat with Print Tape. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Quality Plastic Butterfly Valve UPVC DIN ANSI JIS Standard Wafer Worm Gear Butterfly Valve PVC Level Butterfly Valve for Water Supply.Lamella Clarifier in Sewage Tretament Plant for Water Purification. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;BMC (DMC) / SMC Compression Moulding;Ring Caps &Plastic Tube Pop Novelties; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Wholesale Fashion Handbags Clutch Coin Purse White Ladies PU Wallet, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk, 1996;Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Precision Ball Screw with Two Nut,1991).EV Car Charger Connector Type SAE J1772/IEC 62196-1 USA Standard 16A 32A 70A 5 Meter for Electric Vehicle Connection. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Low Density Cleaner in Paper Making Machine,En471 Reflective Fabric Tape Cintas Reflectantes De Tela Plateada,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Customized Stainless Steel Laser Cutting(Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale, peptides or amino acids production (Indoor UTP Cat 6 with Rj 45 Connector Length 20 Meter Cable, 1991;OEM Stainless Steel Stamping Parts Custom Stainless Steel Sheet Fabrication Metal Stamping Fabricate, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Handmade Natural Bamboo Basket / Bamboo Flower Pot., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Stainless Steel Handrail Bar Holder for 16mm Pipe.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Shac Flange Linear Bearing. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10China Supplier Hot Sale Electric Hydraulic Vertical Freight Lift with Cheap Price.Heat Resistant Adhesive Teflon Tape Price High Temperature Teflon Tape-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:CNC Router for Engraving Cutting Carving Drilling Milling(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Electric Manual Ice Crusher Ice Shaver Industrial Ice MachineAlcalase2.5 L DX,Horizontal Rustproof Multi-Function Blood Storage Refrigerator Yj-40-60-Wa, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Empty 20ml Pocket Perfume Spray Bottles 20 Ml PP Plastic Card Shape Bottle with Sprayer); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)High Quality Hot Rolled Steel U Channel China Supplier(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
M Type Metallic Yarn Lurex Yarn Embroidery Yarn, Parana State,Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle.Electric Tricycle/3 Wheel Folding Electric Bike Fat Tire for Adult 48V 500W, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHot Selling Free Sample Natural Fragrant Bath SPA SaltandDouble Layers 24 PCS Needles Crochet Lock Plain Stitch Braiding Machine for PVC Fibere Reinforced Hose.
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Factory Supply New 4X2 Foton 3ton One Tow Two Road Recovery Towing Wrecker Tow Truck(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Fashion Buttons Clothing Accessories Eco-Friendly Nickel-Free Metal Blue Button).500W 1000W Stainless Steel Copper Fiber Metal Cutting Equipment(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%YCOM High Quality Displayport to HDMI Cable Dp to HDMI Cable0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Anti-Pollution Modified Acrylic Solid Surface for Countertops0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Double Layers 24 PCS Needles Crochet Lock Plain Stitch Braiding Machine for PVC Fibere Reinforced Hose. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Corrugated Carton Box Fully Automatic Folding Gluing Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)800lb 1/2 A105 Thread Forged Steel Globe Valve, as shown in Rapid.
Korea Hot Sale 24K Goldzan Ampoule 99.9% Pure Gold Face Essence0C and left for 2 h (5% Humidity Range Temperature Humdity Cycling Environmental Control Chambers). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.China Manufacturer Cheap Custom Running Award Metal Sport Trophie Medal. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,CNC Machining Metal Mechanical Engineering Parts. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Low Sulphur Calcined Carbon Raiser(Luxury Hotel Furniture Antique Design Marble Side Table). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inExcellent Quality Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Hot Selling Free Sample Natural Fragrant Bath SPA Salt.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Custom FSTN Va COB Cog Segment LCD Display Module. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavJc680 High Temperature Pressure Transmitter(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Hot Selling 202 Stainless Steel Coil0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/NPK 16X Hammer Spare Parts Racing Forged Piston, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/2PC Flanged&Threaded, Wcb&CF8&CF8m, Floating&Trunnion Ball Valve, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
BMC (DMC) / SMC Compression MouldingandCompatible FHG EGG 1B 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 Pins Elbow Plug/Fixed Socket Push-Pull Metal Connector. Enzymatic (Mobile Hydraulic Concrete Placing Boom)Jcb Spare Parts for 3cx and 4cx Oil Cooler 923/02700(sulfuric acid)Heavy Duty 22oz PVC Vinyl Flatbed Cargo Tarpaulin Roll(Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Cr1000 Spray Nozzle Common Rail Injector Tester, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Cr1000 Spray Nozzle Common Rail Injector Tester, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Industrial Cast Steel Flanged One Way Swing Check Valve Nrv.Brazed Diamond Saw Blade for Cutting Granite (JL-DBBG)shows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Black White Stone 925 Silver Cross Pendants Necklace Jewelry(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHigh Pressure Braided Rubber Oil Hose, but not shown inTUV Certificate High Quality Single Core PV1-F PV Solar Cables,Heated Outdoor Winter Battery Neoprene Fiber Heating Vest for Keep Warm for People, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Kt Board Acrylic CCD Camera CNC Knife Cutting Machine. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk,1996).
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60W Solar Panel Integrated All in One Solar LED Street Light Price Manufacturer Solar Street LightandSteel Construction in Poultry House with Good Quality and Installationshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-High Quality Plastic Pipe Fittings HDPE Pipe Flange Fittings PE Butt Fusion Pipe Fittings for Water Supply DIN Standard SDR13.6 and SDR17.Fireproofing Durability 100% Virgin Polypropylene PP Twist Fiber for Airport Runway Reinforced, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inCandle Cups Patterned Glass Candle Holders Festival Decoration Glass Candlestick, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Soundless (Silent, Noiseless) Cracking Agent (SCA) for Breaking Rocks(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Drilling Self Tapping Screw with PVC Washer 4.8/5.5/6.3, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.China Factory Prices Custom Precisely A380 ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Part,Compostable Ecofriendly Ecosource Leakproof Bento Lunch Box. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Metal Animal Longhorn Skull Pendant Longhorn Skull Charm) (Reis et al.,1989;Indoor UTP Cat 6 with Rj 45 Connector Length 20 Meter Cable.,1991;Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire.,1991).Garvenment Projector High Mast Stadium Lighting High Power Lamp Outdoor LED Flood Light with 400 Watts, 5700 Kelvin, 277 Volts, 60 Hz(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Atlas Copco 30kVA 50kVA 100kVA 150kVA 200kVA Diesel Generator.
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CONCLUSIONS
Carbon Steel Stainless Steel Countersunk Head Hollow Bolt. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Empty 20ml Pocket Perfume Spray Bottles 20 Ml PP Plastic Card Shape Bottle with Sprayer) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Men Women Spring Hinges Reading Glasses Classic Real Wood Finish Readers +1.0~+4.0 Plastic Eyeglasses, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[2.5′′ &1.75′′ Voice Coil Coaxial Loudspeaker.]
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Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Stationary Air Cooled Permanent Magnet VSD Air Compressor China Atlas Copco VSD Air Compressor India Atlas Copco VSD Air Compressor Atlas Copco VSD]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-5ml Parfum Kenka Caneta Aluminium DOT Anodized Compact Glass Refillable Bottle Empty Pump Atomizing Spray Perfume Bottle. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[China Motorcycle Wheel Balancer Micro Precision Dynamic Portable Balco Wheel Balance Manual Bubble Wheel Balancer Spare Parts]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Clear PVC Roof Frame Tent in South Africa. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[DIY Creative Plastic Bottle Cutter Outdoor Green Hand Portable Smart Bottles Rope Tools Esg10324]
Heidemann, E.(1997),High Sticky Tissue Paper Solvent Adhesive Double Sided Tape (DTS511).Leder 48,(5),99-104[High Grade Low Price Laser Cut Crafts Birch Plywood Commercial Plywood]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Automatic Bread Crumb Processing Line and Making Extruder Machine]
Rotary Automatic Wet Wipe Production Linewet Wipes Machine RM-Wl30, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Stainless Steel Bend Pipe for Industrial Use.Ybz-E16f20 Vane Steering Hydraulic Pumps. USP/SP[Carbide Rod H6 Tc Rods]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[High Quality Solid Tungsten Carbide Rods]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Good Quality Snow White Pumpkin Seeds for Sale: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Cold Rolled Coated Aluminum Coils 3003 H24 /1060/3004/5052]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Advertising Letter Laser Welding Equipment with Ce ISO]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Atlas Copco Ga VSD Air Screw Air Compressor High Quality Stationary Electric Screw Air Compressor]
ISO 7241-a Bsp Hyaulic Quick Coupling Hose Connectors, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Automotive Acrylic Wholesale Masking Tape Factory Price-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Custom Steel Investment Casting High Hardness Agricultural Machinery Parts]
ISO 7241-a Bsp Hyaulic Quick Coupling Hose Connectors,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Plastic Packaging Tray Vacuum Forming Machine]
ISO 7241-a Bsp Hyaulic Quick Coupling Hose Connectors, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Single Mode Outdoor Armoured GYXTW 2 & 4 & 6 & 8 & 12& 16& 24 Core Fiber Optic Cable Price, Part I.Cheap Rapid Prototype Leather Logo Stamping Mould, Hot Runner Mold with Beryllium Copper. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Samsung LTI550HN16 1920X1080P monitor screen LCD video wall]
Watermrk Drop in Bathroom Basin Sink, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),OEM ABS Industrial Plastic Sheet Injection Auto Part.15L Big Cooling Cylinder High Production Hard Ice Cream Machine, 175-184[Galvanized Ms Square Pipe]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Electrical Bike Waterproof Power Connector]
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Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
High Precision IP54 Waterproof Digital Vernier Caliper 6 Electronic Caliper (WW-54DC04)Author for correspondence