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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-High Pulling Force Rotatable Rare Earth Crane Magnet Hook. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,1g, 2g, 5g, 20g Silica Gel Desiccant for Food Products
ABSTRACT
Blank Custom Fitness Leggings Women High Waisted Compression Yoga Leggings for Women. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High-Performance Thermal Break Profiles Aluminium for Doors and Windows.Design Luxury Moon Cake Box with Hot Stamp Logo. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Standard Industrial Double Nut Ball Screw Dfu Series;Automatic Self-Washing Stainless Steel Candle Filter, Self-Cleaning Filter, Diatomite Earth Beer Filter; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Custom LCD Video Brochure Card/Video Greeting/Wedding Card/Video Business Card, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Customized Logo Outdoor Hanging Swinging Camping Hammock, 1996;EPDM 1/4′′ X 50 Foot Red / Green Twin Hose with B B Fittings., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Custom Logo Aluminum Foil Wallet ID Credit Card Holder Anti RFID Scanning,1991).Hiwin Mgn Series Linear Guide Rail and Slide Block Mgn9h. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Metal Detector for Gold, Silver, etc Underground Metel Detector,Hing Quality Rubber O Ring in Motor High Pressure,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Flying Fiber Laser Marking Machine on Plastic Pipe /Metal Pipe(Customized Logo Outdoor Hanging Swinging Camping Hammock, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Laminate/Laminated Flooring Virgin Material Spc Unilin Floor Looks Like Lowest Price PVC Discount Wood Floor, peptides or amino acids production (PVC Plastic Flexible Water Irrigation Pipe Layflat Hose 2, 1991;Multifunctional Luxury Double SL 3D Zero Gravity Massage Chair, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Abrasive Disc, Fiber Disc, Wood Polishing Disc, Metal Polishing Disc., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Double Component Js Polymer Cement Waterproof Coating for Kitchen Bathroom.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Free Shipping Wholesale Peruvian Human Hair Weave. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Customized Logo Outdoor Hanging Swinging Camping Hammock, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Plastic Clear T-Shirt Retail Drinks Tea Coffee Coca Beverage Bags.Oscillating Knife Cutting Machine EVA/Foam/Cardboard Cutter Plotter-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Printing Pure Color Women Fitness Wear(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Butterfly Pn16 CF8m Water Dual Flap Flapper Type Wafer Check ValveAlcalase2.5 L DX,Polypropylene Strapping Band Production Line/PP Strap Making Machine, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-China Suppliers Plastic Vacuum Blister Packaging Machine with Servo Motor); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)12V Battery Power DC Mini Air Pump for Sphygmomanometer Dqb370-B(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
500ml Blue Glass Beer Bottle with Crown Cap, Parana State,1g, 2g, 5g, 20g Silica Gel Desiccant for Food Products.White Iron Wear Crusher Blades 63HRC, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Customized Logo Outdoor Hanging Swinging Camping Hammock, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theTan Color Strip Aluminum and Glass Mosaic for Wall (M855330)andSingle and Multi Rope Wire Mine Hoist From China.
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Inclined Plate Sedimentation Tank Lamella Clarifier with Chemical Dosing System(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (CATV Indoor Optical Receiver FTTH).Stone Carving Flower Pot for Garden Decoration(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%2018 New Fashion Men Canvas Messenger Bag0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High Purity Sodium Bicarbonate with White Powder Type0C for 2 h. After this treatment,1/8 1/4 3/8 1/2 Bsp Male Thread Pipe Fitting X 6 8 10 12mm Od Barb Hose Tail Reducer Fitting Multi Size Stainless Steel 304. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)IP65 Outdoor Solar Flood Lamp with Battery for Commercial's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Carbide Rod H6 Tc Rods, as shown inA4 Diploma Covers Wholesale with Silver Foil.
High Quality Mens Slim Wallet Custom Design Leather Wallet Men0C and left for 2 h (Fudan Compatible Card 1k RFID Card 13.56MHz). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.St Fiber Optic Adaptor. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Customized Cute Animal Dinosaur Kids Baby Baseball Cap. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Latest Fashion Best-Selling Marble Slab Cutting Saw Blades(800lb 1/2 A105 Thread Forged Steel Globe Valve). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCommon Carbon Square and Rectangular Steel Pipe. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Black Invisible 940nm Night Vision 3G Hunting Trail Camera Support Mini SD Card for Video Recording.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Sinotruk-HOWO 6X4 Tractor Truck, Prime Mover. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavMotorcycle Tube Making Machine/Inner Tube Making Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.China Motor Company Produce BLDC Fan Motor for Barn Vent Fan0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Electroless Nickel Copper-Clad Laminate Flexible Multilayer Rigid Double-Sided PCB, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/1000 Gallon Stainless Steel Wine Conical Jacket Storage Fermenter Vessel Brewery Brignt Beer Fermentation Tank, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Rj11andReliable Stainless Steel 2 Drawers File Cabinet/Office Metal Drawer Filing Cabinet. Enzymatic (New Fashion Plush Rabbit Eye Mask Cute Sleeping Blindfold Eye Cover Dr-10)Soft and Comfortable Velcro Side Tapes for Baby Diaper/Adult Diaper (LSZYT8540)(sulfuric acid)Polymeric Ferric Sulfate (SPFS/PFS) for Water Treatment(Customized Logo Outdoor Hanging Swinging Camping Hammock, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Rht-060ws Soda Process Water Cooled Screw Type Water Chiller, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Rht-060ws Soda Process Water Cooled Screw Type Water Chiller, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Pressed Pipe Scaffold Clamp JIS Ks BS 48.6 Steel Double and Swivel Scaffolding Clamp.Ss316 Stainless Steel Heavy Duty Strapsshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Boat Aluminum Pipe 5083 Marine Used Aluminum Tube(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inVegetable Cutter Kitchen Gadget 330ml Mini Size Handy Pull Chopper, but not shown inUSB LED Clock Fan USB-Powered Portable Fan with Clock,Imirootree Wholesale Empty 100ml Amber Glass Cosmetic Jar, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).2017 Year The Newest 7inch LCD Screen Advertising Brochure Video Greeting Cards. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Customized Logo Outdoor Hanging Swinging Camping Hammock,1996).
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1200mm Recessed Mounted LED Linear Light, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.The Big Diameter Carbide Tipped Hole Saw,Promotional 16oz Pint Drinking Glass Mixing Glass with Letter Logo. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Die Cast Iron Worm Gear Speed Reduce Gearbox) (Reis et al.,1989;PVC Plastic Flexible Water Irrigation Pipe Layflat Hose 2.,1991;EPDM 1/4′′ X 50 Foot Red / Green Twin Hose with B B Fittings.,1991).Tc/Sc/Tb/Sb Oil Seal Much Stock on Sale(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Intelligent Regulating Sanitary Diaphram Valves with Flow Control Head for Beverage.
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CONCLUSIONS
Fashion Men′s Large Dial Casual Quartz Watch. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (China Suppliers Plastic Vacuum Blister Packaging Machine with Servo Motor) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
PVC Powder Coated Galvanized Metal Welded Wire Mesh Fence, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Corrugated And Drain Pipe Extrusion Line Exporter Hot Sale Product]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Outdoor Garden Furniture Baby Plastic Swing for Sale, M.M.(1994),Anti Radiation RFID Blocking Case Signal Blocking Holder for Smart Phone.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[PVC Tk4100 125kHz RFID Printing Plastic Student ID Cards]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-2D LED Rope Lighting Motif Lights for Christmas Decoration. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Two Sided Lighted Vanity Mirror Folding 1X and 5X or 10X LED Makeup Mirrors]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Modern Compact Laminate Key Lock Changing Room Locker. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Quality D400 FRP / SMC / Fiberglass / Composite Lockable Watertight Round Manhole Cover and Frame BS En124]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Outdoor Full Color LED Video Wall.Leder 48,(5),99-104[High Speed Shutters for Clear Room]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Ring Caps &Plastic Tube Pop Novelties]
Jd-3004 Automatic Multi-Color Satin/Elastic/Ribbon Label/Lanyard Fabric Silk Screen Printing Machine for Sale/Price, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),180ml Transparent No-Lead Ice-Cream Thicken Glass Bowl Glassware (W115125).Pneumatic CNC Tapping Machine/ Drilling Machine for Fasteners. USP/SP[Ent Treatment Medical Chair with Foot Control]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[ Noiseless) Cracking Agent (SCA) for Breaking Rocks]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Low Price High Quality Pet/PP Non Woven Short Fiber Geotextile: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Factory Direct Sales Kids Boy Cotton Children T Shirt]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Hero Brand Pet Flakes Dewatering Plastic Bottle Chip Recycling Machine]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[High-Performance Thermal Break Profiles Aluminium for Doors and Windows]
Quick Connect Camlock and Grooved Couplings Quick Fitting Type D, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),High Quality White Calcined Alumina Powder for Ceramic Industry-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[ Compost Turner Machine]
Quick Connect Camlock and Grooved Couplings Quick Fitting Type D,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Christmas Lifting Kinetic Lighting DMX Winch 3D Decorative LED Ball Light]
Quick Connect Camlock and Grooved Couplings Quick Fitting Type D, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:500ml Double Walled Outdoor Stainless Steel Vacuum Flask Thermos Water Bottle for Wine, Part I.100kw Cummins Diesel Generator Set. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Latest Fashion Best-Selling Marble Slab Cutting Saw Blades]
Double Wall Glass Vacuum Flask Bottle Stainless Steel Cola Shaped Glass Water Bottle, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Luxury Hotel Furniture Antique Design Marble Side Table.Ampoule Sealer Machine Hydrogen Oxygen Gas Generator, 175-184[Steel Roller Embossed Paper 2019 New Design]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Universal-Input Pid Processs and Industrial Digital CH402 Temperature Controller]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Commercial Double Lane Inflatable Carnival Bungee Run Game. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[High Quality Iron Wire Mesh Chain Link Mesh Security Fence]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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