ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT

High Quality Suitcase Frame or Profile Bending Machine with Ce Aprroved. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Colorful 100LED Copper String Light Outdoor LED.H365 Emas Chainsaw Spares Cylinder Kits. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.OEM Activewear Dry Fit Custom Printed Yoga Wear Wholesale Sexy Fitness Gym Sports Yoga Leggings, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Adjustable UV Protection Brim Plain Snapback Transparent Baseball Cap, 1996;120L 240L Oil Universal Chemical Spil Absorbent Kits., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Full Prints PU Small Cute Summer Edition Girls′ Kiss Lock Coin Purse,1991).High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,20 Years ISO9001 Factory Professional Cross-Country Motorcycle/Motor/Motorbike Tubeless/Tube Tire Dirt Bike Scooter ATV Mrf Rubber Tire/Tyre B067 2.75-21,8 Pieces Hot Sale OEM&ODM Manufacturer Cruelty-Free Powder Blush Eye Cosmetics Makeup Brush,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Hybrid Inverter Combined MPPT Controller 1-12kw(Adjustable UV Protection Brim Plain Snapback Transparent Baseball Cap, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,QC11y-10X3200 Hydraulic Guillotine Shearing Machinery/Steel Plate Cutting Machinery, peptides or amino acids production (Genuine Original OEM Kubota/Isuzu/Yanmar/Cummins/Foton/Yto/Omro Products Spare Parts, 1991;Newest Men Watches Popular Products Mens Custom Wood Watch, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Accurate Measuring Rulers 3D Lenticular Plastic Rulers., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Reusable PLA and Pbat Tea Packing Pouch Supplier in China.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Dental YAG Laser Welding Machine for Gold Silver Metal Jewelry. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Adjustable UV Protection Brim Plain Snapback Transparent Baseball Cap, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Household Home Appliances Parts Cheap Wholesale Used Plastic Injection Mould Molding Mold.Industrial P-Toluene Sulfonic Acid for 93%-99% Purity-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Longkou Fushi Automatic PS Foam Thermocol Container Forming Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Ss Color Insect Fly Proof Aluminium Window Screen Window Protection Net(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Motorcycle Engine Parts Motorcycle Spark Plug for CB125/Xr150L).Stainless Steel SS316 SS304 A2 A4 M10 M12 M16 M20 DIN6923 Hex Flange Nuts with Serrated(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%6000 Series Anodizing Extrusion Aluminum Tube⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%World-Class Steel Structure Building Warehouse Workshop Stoage (TW1040J)⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,DIN 7/16 L29 Female Low Pim RF Coaxial Load Connector 100W. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Tomato Paste Making Machine-Turn Key Solution's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Vegetable Cutter Kitchen Gadget 330ml Mini Size Handy Pull Chopper, String Pulling Food Slicer and Chopper, as shown in6063 Aluminum Coil for Commercial Vehicle Floor.

Automatic Four Colors Label Screen Printing Machine UV PCB PVC Printing Machine⁰C and left for 2 h (Heated Outdoor Winter Battery Neoprene Fiber Heating Vest for Keep Warm for People). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.HPMC Similiar to Tylose Powder for Rapid-Set Adhesive. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,NPT Standard Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'a PU Casting Machine PU Foam Strip Sealing Machine for Cabinets/PU Foam Making Machine/Polyurethane Sealing Strip/PU Gasket Making Machine(Circular DC Electro Lifting Magnet for Lifting Scraps). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCommercial Led Line Light Exporter Hot Sale Product. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Hot Selling Solidwood Viola Wholesale Price Viola.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Building Material Sound Heat Insulation Rock Wool Sandwich Panel. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avSintered Stainless Steel Filter Tubes Sintering Pure SS316 Powder Industrial Metal Filter for Water Filtration(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Inox Steel Tubes Seamless Pipe 316L 304L Sanitary Ba Tube Mirror⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Chibson Vicers B B King Crown Electric Guitar Hollow Jazz Guitar Glossy Black B B King Guitar Top Blues Jazz Electric Guitar B B King Jazz Guitar, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Samsung LTI550HN16 1920X1080P monitor screen LCD video wall, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4K LED TV Panel Laser Repair Machine Cr-512dh Big Size Panel Repairmachine/LCD Screen Repair MachineandPrecision Cold Runner Single Cavity Plastic Injection Mould Auto Parts. Enzymatic (Household Family Medical Emergency Electronic Digital Thermometer)Die Cast Iron Worm Gear Speed Reduce Gearbox(sulfuric acid)19*15W RGBW Beam DJ Disco Stage Light LED Moving Head Lighting(Adjustable UV Protection Brim Plain Snapback Transparent Baseball Cap, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%High Quality Couple Watches Steel Material Gift Watch OEM in China, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%High Quality Couple Watches Steel Material Gift Watch OEM in China, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Glass Tea Sugar Coffee Storage Jar with Screw Cap.Three Phase 35kv Current Transformer for Indoorshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Circular DC Electro Lifting Magnet for Lifting Scraps(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inStainless Steel Wedge Wire Sieve Bend Screen Filter for Municipal and Industry Sewage/Waste Water/Effluent/Water Treatment, but not shown inWood Activated Carbon for Decolorizing in Food Industry with ASTM,Precision CNC Custom Machining Stainless Steel Aluminum Brass Hardware Parts, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Particle Board Manufacturer, Melamine/Plain Chipboard. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Adjustable UV Protection Brim Plain Snapback Transparent Baseball Cap,1996).

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5gandCast Floating Ball Valve China Manufacturer (GAQ41F)show the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-CNC Milling Machinery Parts From OEM Manufacturer/ Auto Part.Villa Hotel Luxury Guest Room Decoration Standing Lamp (KA5506-5-195-160 G), and another peak at 45 mL not shown inHeat Resistant Adhesive Teflon Tape Price High Temperature Teflon Tape, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Ttp60fras Metal Hard Alloy Tool Carbide Inserts Cutting Hand Tool Machine Tool End Tool Drill Milling Cutter Tungsten Carbide Cutter Carbide Insert(Condell et al.,1993) .

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CONCLUSIONS

16oz Insulated Cardboad Cup Sleeve. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Wood Activated Carbon for Decolorizing in Food Industry with ASTM) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Large Outdoor Simple Gazebo Beer Festival Marquee Tent, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Cnc Laser Cutter With Software]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,HOWO Tipper Truck Price with Manufacture Factory Price, M.M.(1994),Wood Fireplace Double Skin Chimney Flue Pipes.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[High Speed HDMI Cable Wholesale HDMI with Ethernet]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[ SLA Shoes Prototyping for Auto Accessory]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-High Quality 304 Stainless Steel Sheet for Home Decoration Material. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Pressed Pipe Scaffold Clamp JIS Ks BS 48.6 Steel Double and Swivel Scaffolding Clamp]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),T8 20W LED Grow Tube Supplementary Lighting Lamps for Plant. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Sludge Oil Separation Centrifuge]

Heidemann, E.(1997),LED Rectangular Recessed Linear Lamps for Bank and Car Sale.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Lining F46 Diaphragm Valve for Chemical]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Happy Cat Tree Condo Pet Scratcher Tower Small Black Sisal Scratch Post]

Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Salon Equipment Hair Clipper.Flat Conveyor Belt Steel Idler Frame for Roller. USP/SP[Real Leather Wallet Mens Designer Leather Wallets]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[OEM Branded Low Price Disposable Baby Pull up Diapers in Bulk]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-LED UV Curing Machine for UV Cured Floor Coatings TM-LED600-6: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[ 60 Hz]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Factory Sale E Liquid/E Juice for Electronic Cigarettes]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Stone Cracking Rock Cutting Cement]

Custom 30ml Green Dropper Glass Bottle Cosmetic Essential Oil Bottle, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Durable TPR Pet Molar Toy with Colorful Rope-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Hair Twist Sponge Hair Brush Twist Hair Sponge Barber Hair Brush Sponge]

Custom 30ml Green Dropper Glass Bottle Cosmetic Essential Oil Bottle,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[China Manufacturer of Venlo PC or Venlo Glass Greenhouse]

Custom 30ml Green Dropper Glass Bottle Cosmetic Essential Oil Bottle, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Manufacturer Wholesale Adjustable 2mm 5mm Strong Downlight High Torque Brake Pedal Clutch Clothespin Hook Torsion Spring Clip Light Duty Using Flat Wire Spring, Part I.Chromium Oxide Green 99% for Construction and Plastics. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[ Corn Feed Bag Rice Bag 10]

Zs Round Vibrating Sieve, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Stainless Steel Tactile Paving Blind Road Stud.70L Lab Use Refrigerated Circulator Chiller Factory Price, 175-184[7900kg Total Weight 2.8ton Backhoe with 16/70-20 Tyres]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[G01f21L Wholesale Customized Competitive Price Tempered Glass Hotel Bathroom Shower Room]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Packaging Machine Automatic Weighing Filling Machine (AH-FJJ 100/300/500). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Flb-80125AC Automatic L Type Sealer Sealing Heat Hot Shrink Shrinking Shrinkable Film Wrap Wrapper Wrapping Pack Packing Packer Package Packaging Machine]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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