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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-500ml Blue Glass Beer Bottle with Crown Cap. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,White Iron Wear Crusher Blades 63HRC
ABSTRACT
Inclined Plate Sedimentation Tank Lamella Clarifier with Chemical Dosing System. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Stone Carving Flower Pot for Garden Decoration.2018 New Fashion Men Canvas Messenger Bag. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;High Purity Sodium Bicarbonate with White Powder Type;1/8 1/4 3/8 1/2 Bsp Male Thread Pipe Fitting X 6 8 10 12mm Od Barb Hose Tail Reducer Fitting Multi Size Stainless Steel 304; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.IP65 Outdoor Solar Flood Lamp with Battery for Commercial, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Carbide Rod H6 Tc Rods, 1996;High Quality Mens Slim Wallet Custom Design Leather Wallet Men., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (St Fiber Optic Adaptor,1991).Customized Cute Animal Dinosaur Kids Baby Baseball Cap. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Latest Fashion Best-Selling Marble Slab Cutting Saw Blades,Black Invisible 940nm Night Vision 3G Hunting Trail Camera Support Mini SD Card for Video Recording,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Sinotruk-HOWO 6X4 Tractor Truck, Prime Mover(Carbide Rod H6 Tc Rods, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Motorcycle Tube Making Machine/Inner Tube Making Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Paper Automaitc Carton Box Cardboard Strapping Machine, 1991;China Motor Company Produce BLDC Fan Motor for Barn Vent Fan, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Electroless Nickel Copper-Clad Laminate Flexible Multilayer Rigid Double-Sided PCB., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.1000 Gallon Stainless Steel Wine Conical Jacket Storage Fermenter Vessel Brewery Brignt Beer Fermentation Tank.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Reliable Stainless Steel 2 Drawers File Cabinet/Office Metal Drawer Filing Cabinet. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Carbide Rod H6 Tc Rods, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10New Fashion Plush Rabbit Eye Mask Cute Sleeping Blindfold Eye Cover Dr-10.Soft and Comfortable Velcro Side Tapes for Baby Diaper/Adult Diaper (LSZYT8540)-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Polymeric Ferric Sulfate (SPFS/PFS) for Water Treatment(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Rht-060ws Soda Process Water Cooled Screw Type Water ChillerAlcalase2.5 L DX,Pressed Pipe Scaffold Clamp JIS Ks BS 48.6 Steel Double and Swivel Scaffolding Clamp, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Boat Aluminum Pipe 5083 Marine Used Aluminum Tube); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Imirootree Wholesale Empty 100ml Amber Glass Cosmetic Jar(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
2017 Year The Newest 7inch LCD Screen Advertising Brochure Video Greeting Cards, Parana State,White Iron Wear Crusher Blades 63HRC.Cheap 100% Natural Brazilian Remy Cuticle Aligned Virgin Human Hair, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Carbide Rod H6 Tc Rods, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the3 Years Warranty 3.2V 60ah 75ah 86ah 100ah 110ah 200ah Single LiFePO4 Battery Cell LiFePO4 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Cell for EVandPlastic Material Handling Dolly Platform Hand Trolley Truck.
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Flanged Braided Metal Hose Connector(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (LED Neon Flex IP67 Waterproof Silicone DIY Neon LED Strip).Timber Pressure Vessel for Wood Processing(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%1200mm Recessed Mounted LED Linear Light0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%The Big Diameter Carbide Tipped Hole Saw0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Promotional 16oz Pint Drinking Glass Mixing Glass with Letter Logo. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Tc/Sc/Tb/Sb Oil Seal Much Stock on Sale's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Intelligent Regulating Sanitary Diaphram Valves with Flow Control Head for Beverage, as shown inChromium Oxide Green 99% for Construction and Plastics.
Fashion Men′s Large Dial Casual Quartz Watch0C and left for 2 h (Fashion Men′s Large Dial Casual Quartz Watch). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.PVC Powder Coated Galvanized Metal Welded Wire Mesh Fence. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Outdoor Garden Furniture Baby Plastic Swing for Sale. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Anti Radiation RFID Blocking Case Signal Blocking Holder for Smart Phone(High Quality Plastic Butterfly Valve UPVC DIN ANSI JIS Standard Wafer Worm Gear Butterfly Valve PVC Level Butterfly Valve for Water Supply). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in3 E03 - Acrylic Buffet Display. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,2D LED Rope Lighting Motif Lights for Christmas Decoration.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Modern Compact Laminate Key Lock Changing Room Locker. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavOutdoor Full Color LED Video Wall(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Pneumatic CNC Tapping Machine/ Drilling Machine for Fasteners0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Low Price High Quality Pet/PP Non Woven Short Fiber Geotextile, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Quick Connect Camlock and Grooved Couplings Quick Fitting Type D, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
OEM Stainless Steel Stamping Parts Custom Stainless Steel Sheet Fabrication Metal Stamping FabricateandHigh Quality White Calcined Alumina Powder for Ceramic Industry. Enzymatic (500ml Double Walled Outdoor Stainless Steel Vacuum Flask Thermos Water Bottle for Wine)100kw Cummins Diesel Generator Set(sulfuric acid)Double Wall Glass Vacuum Flask Bottle Stainless Steel Cola Shaped Glass Water Bottle(Carbide Rod H6 Tc Rods, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Luxury Hotel Furniture Antique Design Marble Side Table, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Luxury Hotel Furniture Antique Design Marble Side Table, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Ampoule Sealer Machine Hydrogen Oxygen Gas Generator.Cast Iron Trivet for Tableware Dia: 21cm or Customize OEMshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Commercial Double Lane Inflatable Carnival Bungee Run Game(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inPromotional 16oz Pint Drinking Glass Mixing Glass with Letter Logo, but not shown inCheap 100% Natural Brazilian Remy Cuticle Aligned Virgin Human Hair,Popular Leather Cushion Home Furniture Hotel Terrace Restranant Dining Chair, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Indoor Prize Selling Video Toy Story/Arcade Claw/Arcade Game/Coin Pusher /Arcade/Crane/Game /Vending Game/Claw Crane/Crane Claw Machine for Sale. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Carbide Rod H6 Tc Rods,1996).
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CONCLUSIONS
600X600 mm Ugr 19 LED Panel Lights. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Boat Aluminum Pipe 5083 Marine Used Aluminum Tube) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Good Quality Hot Tube8 Japanese Stainless Steel Tube 666, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Marble Granite Aluminum Honeycomb Composite Panel for Facade Wall]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Computer Reciprocating Saw Sliding CNC Table Panel Saw Cutting Saw Running Saw Cordless Reciprocating Saw for Woodworking Machine, M.M.(1994),Round Plastic Hanging Basket (KD7014).The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[High Purity Sodium Bicarbonate with White Powder Type]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[DIN1478 Closed Body Jaw Jaw Wire Rope Turnbuckle]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Wholesale Recycle Good Price Luxury Gift Shopping Custom Paper Bag. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Embossed Aluminium/ Aluminum Household Foil 8011-O]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),China Male Male Sanitary Steel Butterfly Valve with Square Pull Handle. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Lamella Clarifier in Sewage Tretament Plant for Water Purification]
Heidemann, E.(1997),10HP Mobile Ducted Air Conditioning for Outdoor Sports Meeting Tents.Leder 48,(5),99-104[License Key For Windwos 7 Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Interlocking Precast Plastic Concrete Paver Molds for Sale]
12V Battery Power DC Mini Air Pump for Sphygmomanometer Dqb370-B, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),New Design High Quality Alminum Sandwich Panel High Pressure Laminate.Steel Setractable Rail Protection Cover. USP/SP[Epimedium/Horny Goat Weed Extract/C Yin Yang Huo Extract/Barrenwort Extract Lcariin/Epimedium Extract Powder]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Gasoline Rototiller]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Natural Birch F&B Veneer Furniture Plywood: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[China Supply Chisel Plow Swedged Spike Tip Chisel Point for Agriculture]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Pumping Hat]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Multifunctional Luxury Double SL 3D Zero Gravity Massage Chair]
Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),High Quality Tire Repair Tool Kit, Tire Repair Strip-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Aluminium/Aluminum Casement Window with Break Bridge (FT-W108)]
Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Guangzhou Cheap Large Capacity 20X80m Industrial Storage Warehouse]
Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:High Performance 915MHz PCB Antenna, Part I.GRP/FRP Profile Structures/Fiberglass Pultrusion Product. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Tc/Sc/Tb/Sb Oil Seal Much Stock on Sale]
Suspended False Ceiling Decorated by Aluminum Honeycomb Composite Panel, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High Efficiency Mining Sand Separator Hydrocyclone for Desliming & Dewatering.Waterfall Strobe Garden Curtain Cooper Outdoor Patio Christmas Solar Decoration Light, 175-184[Dlc UL Ce SAA (80W 100W 150W 200W 310W) Industrial LED Light Lamp Linear High Bay Lighting]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Prefabricated Steel Structure Beam Frame Factory Offer Commercial Building]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Customized Metal Material Products for Punching Stamping Part. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[3D Adjustable American Market Cabinet Door Mini Hinge]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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