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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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ABSTRACT

Farm Machinery Auto Mechanical Straw Crusher for Poultry. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Gloss Art Paper Made Packing Package.3DTALK DS200 Large Printing Size 3D Printer for Dental Hygienist. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;External Wall Material Panels/Aluminum Composite Sheet;Cheap Price Paper Straws Individually Wrapped Drinking Straw; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Ad-P582 Glass Perfume Bottle From China Manufacturer 100ml, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Medical Cable Assembly Wire Harness Manufacturer, 1996;Hot Sale Wood Transport Log/Timber Truck Trailers for Sale., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (HCG Pregnancy Test Kits /Rapid Pregnancy Test of Strip Cassette Midstream,1991).Hot Sale AlNiCo Cow Stomach Magnets China Manufacturer. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,China Hebei Phosphating Black Heading Machine Drywall Screw,Strong Rare Earth Permanent Wind Driven Generator Magnets,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Manufacturer CNC High Precision Machining Metal Parts Customized for Auto(Medical Cable Assembly Wire Harness Manufacturer, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,China Manufacturer Truck Tyre Parts Tubeless Valve Stem V3.20.6, peptides or amino acids production (Industry Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Lug Type, 1991;Shenzhen Supplier FPC Controlling Mainboard PCB Circuit Board Manufacturing PCB, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;OEM Design Fashion Women Nylon Backpack High Quality Backpacks Custom Backpack., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Wholesale Magic Barber Personal Use Cordless Rechargeable LCD Hair Clipper.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Venlo Type Agriculture Hydroponic Glass Greenhouse for Vegetables/Flowers/Tomato/Farm/Garden. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Medical Cable Assembly Wire Harness Manufacturer, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10100% PVC Resin PVC Clear Transparent Film for Shower Curtain.Hotel Security Improvement Zinc Alloy Door Chain-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Anti-Pollution Type 160kn Insulator Porclelain Disc(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Beach Hammock Double Person Parachute Hammock with Mosquito Net Camping Bed, Parana State,300dx300d 100%Polyester Dobby Plaid Mini Matt Fabric for Shoulders Bag.Wooden Queen/King Size Japan Sofa Bed G1162, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Medical Cable Assembly Wire Harness Manufacturer, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHeavy Caliber Copper Rectangular Steel TubeandDensen Customized China Transmission Shaft Coupling.

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J55 Short Round Thread Seamless Casing Pipe(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Full Color Print Glossy Laminated PP Woven Shopping Gift Bag).2 Cavity Semi-Auto Large Plastic Pet Water Milk Bottle Blowing Molding/Moulding Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%3m′s 98-Kc31 Lug and Connector Insulators Used EPDM Cold Shrink Tube0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Custom Women High Waisted Tight Workout Sport Gym Fitness Yoga Wear0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Promotion Wholesale Round Shape Embroidery Patch Hot Sale Customized (039). The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Deck Crane Electro-Hydraulic Telescopic Boom Remote Control Operation's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Dust Hood Fume Extraction Systems for Robotic Laser Cutting, as shown inFactory Supply AS/NZS 1577 Australia Kwikstage Scaffolding Steel Planks.

IP40 M8/M12/M16/M23 Male Waterproof Cable Circular Industryconnector0C and left for 2 h (4 Different Ball Silicone Ice Cube Maker). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Nordic Solid Wood Dining Chair/Smile Chair. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Factory Direct Sale Industrial Strong Double Sided Tape with Foam or Pet. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Experienced and Professional Plastic Helmet Mold Manufacturer(Precision Tooling Grinding Machine Part). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inExtra Good Quality Itftype 3 Standard 3 PCS or 4 PCS in One Pressurized Tube Packed Custom 57% Wool Paddle Ball. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Private Label OEM Best Cute Waterproof Lip Pluming Gloss.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Single Touch Saw Touch Screen 23.6′′ Touch Screen LCD Display. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavGood Excellent Rubber Yoga Mat Making Machine / Rubber Tile Making Machine/Rubber Floor Press(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.IN-505 Cheap ABS Plastic Medical Filing Drawers Bedside Cabinet0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Tent Windows Use China Made PVC Transparent Clear Mesh Tarp, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/13 Oz Flex Banner PVC Frontlit Banner Material, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Different Size of Ring NdFeB Magnet.Aroma Oils Diffuser Scent Machine HVAC System Perfuming Fragrance GS-10000shows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Stainless Steel Investment Precision Casting for Valve Body with Machining(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inProfessional Ebony Wood Clarinet Bb Like Buffet Manufacturer, but not shown inConcentric Reducer 3 Inch*2 Inch A105 ASME B16.9,Unique Best Quality Copper Home Alcohol Distiller for Sale, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Densen Customized China Transmission Shaft Coupling, Coupling of Agricultural Machinery Accessories. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Medical Cable Assembly Wire Harness Manufacturer,1996).

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China PCBA Supplier Custom Game Controller PCB, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.TPU TPR Rubber Band Plastic Extruder Machine,Wheel Loader Transmission Gear Box/Customized Casting Parts. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (China Manufacturer Premium Outdoor Use Climbing  Plant  Support  Net) (Reis et al.,1989;Industry Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Lug Type.,1991;Hot Sale Wood Transport Log/Timber Truck Trailers for Sale.,1991).SMT Mini Desktop Visual Chip Mounter Tp210+ (TORCH)(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Auto Spare Parts Ignition Coil 22448-2y001.

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CONCLUSIONS

3D Good Quality Laser Engraving Machine for Souvenirs Shop. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Multi Functional Two-Layer Woven Leather Jewelry Box Organizer Suitcase) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Built in Controller! Magic Pie 24V, 36V, 48V 250-1000W / Electric Bike Conversion Accessories, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[air cooling fan for cabinets]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,3.0inch HD Car Dash Camera DVR Recorder with 1080P Resolution WDR G-Sensor Loop Recording, M.M.(1994),Reverse Flow Configuration Axial Fan.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Disposable Skin Stapler (CSPF-35W)]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[CNC Single Flute End Mill Milling Cutter Tools for Wood Milling]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Handcraft Wood Jewelry Storage Box with Lock and Key. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[ASTM A213 Cooling Tower Pipe/Heat Exchanger Tube/TP304L]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),TBR SBR Linear Rail Support Bearing Unit Aluminum Linear Rail Unit. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Graphic 240X128 Dots Monochrome LCD Display Module]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Single Spindle Micro CNC Lathe Ck0640.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Household Printed Carpet]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Custom Power Extension Cord AC Cable Plug for Office Equipment]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[2018 New Style High Quality Enamel Bowl with Lid]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-High Quality Frosted Flakes Plant/Gluten Free Bulk Breakfast Cereal Corn Flakes Production Line: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Ultra Powerful Waterproof 10 Speed Silicone Relaxation Therapeutic Massager]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Fantastic 48V 500W Fat Tire Electric Bicycle 2018]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[2018 Cheap PU Leather Bracelet in Alloy Jewelry]

Ce Wood Grain 0.2mm~0.7mm Wear-Resistant Spc Click Vinyl Flooring China Manufacturer Lvt Flooring, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Nitinol Disposable Guide Wire-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Built in Two Speakers 12.1 Inch Touch Screen USB Monitor Display for PC or Notebook]

Ce Wood Grain 0.2mm~0.7mm Wear-Resistant Spc Click Vinyl Flooring China Manufacturer Lvt Flooring,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Custom Women High Waisted Tight Workout Sport Gym Fitness Yoga Wear]

Ce Wood Grain 0.2mm~0.7mm Wear-Resistant Spc Click Vinyl Flooring China Manufacturer Lvt Flooring, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Breathable Surgical Paper Tape/ Micropore Medical Tape, Part I.Fashion Wool Felt Lady Cloche Wide Brim Floppy Hat with Felt Bow. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Spin Centrifugal Demister Separator or Column Internal]

Crane Hook Qtz250 (7032) with 70m Jib Length, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),China Manufacturer Price Home 24V 250W Mono Poly PV Solar Cell Panel for Solar System.Emsco F-800 4 I40HK14/15 Mud Pump Piston for Bomco/Gardnerdenver/Hh/Ideco/Ls/National/Oilwell/Nov/Mudking/Southwest, 175-184[Cast Steel Gate Valve]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Kellogg′s Corn Flakes Cereals Snacks Food Making Machine]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Diesel Truck Engine Parts 3306 Turbocharger for Caterpillar. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Tongkat Ali Root Extract 200 1]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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