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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-ASTM B399 Standard AAAC Conductor All Aluminum Alloy Conductor AAAC Cable. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,10ml 50ml 200ml 500ml Mustard Edible Olive Sunflower Cooking Oil Pouch Filling and Packing Machine
ABSTRACT
19500lm 150W LED High Bay Lamp Fixture for Gym Hospital High School. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Quality Dyed Colored Sand, Natural Coloured Sand.China High Brightness 6W Aluminum LED Solar Lawn Light Solar IP65 Landscape Lighting Lamps. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Various Bridge NdFeB Motor Magnets with High Performance;White Melamine Powder for Industrial Uses; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.UV Resistant Durable HDPE Reinforced Geomembrane HDPE, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (2070 4th Axis CNC, Atc CNC Router Machine, Carving Engraving Machinery with High Z Axis, 1996;Cheap Price Made in China Disposable Medical Heat Seal Flat Sterilization Pouch., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (PE Film Blowing Machine (SJ-1000-1300-1500),1991).Eco-Friendly Summer Beach Lady Handmade Paper Shopping Straw Basket Bag. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,304 304L 904L 309S 310S Stainless Steel Design Checkered Plate,High Quality 0.38mm Color Yellow PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,2017 Factory Directly Oversized Women Sunglasses(2070 4th Axis CNC, Atc CNC Router Machine, Carving Engraving Machinery with High Z Axis, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,High Quanlity PTFE Thread Seal Tape, peptides or amino acids production (Fiberglass Grating, FRP Grating, GRP Grating, 1991;Aluminium Profile Roller Shutters OEM/Rolling Screen Aluminium, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Rutile Titanium Dioxide Exterior Emulsion Paint., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Promotional Multi-Function CO2 CNC Control Table Laser Cutter Engraving Supplier.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Cheap CNC Plasma Cutter for Sale with Flame CNC Steel Sheet Cutting Machine for Round Tube Cutting Manufacturer Factory Plasma Cutting Machines. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (2070 4th Axis CNC, Atc CNC Router Machine, Carving Engraving Machinery with High Z Axis, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Stainless Steel Hole Punching Machine/ CNC Perforation Machine.Rockwool Insulation Pipe for Bolier with Aluminum Foil Steam Tube-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Pet and PP Geobag with UV High Strength Thermal(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
3000mm Sliding Table Panel Saw with 45 Degree Cutting MDFAlcalase2.5 L DX,Magnetic Latching Relay for Health Life, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-More Cavities Plastic Mould Design); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Energy Conservation Electric Single Servo Turret Punch Press Machine D-Es300(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
High Quality 14AWG 16AWG USA spiral Power Cord to IEC C13, Parana State,10ml 50ml 200ml 500ml Mustard Edible Olive Sunflower Cooking Oil Pouch Filling and Packing Machine.Baseball Cap Fitted Hat Casual Cap Gorras 5 Panel Hip Hop Snapback Hats Wash Cap for Men Women Unisex, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (2070 4th Axis CNC, Atc CNC Router Machine, Carving Engraving Machinery with High Z Axis, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theWooden Queen/King Size Japan Sofa Bed G1162andNitinol Disposable Guide Wire.
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Soft magnetic alloy 1J38 rod / Ni38Cr13/38H14X(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Hand Push Thermoplastic Paint Pedestrians Line Road Marking Machine Price).High Current Temperature Rising Test Large Current Temperature Rising Test System(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Animal Manure Fertilizer Fermentation Machine0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Compact New Design IP65 Toggle Limit Switch0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Teflon for Industrial Plastic Gasket Seal with Good Quality. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Double Walled Stainless Steel Insulated Water Bottle's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Wineglass Crystal Glass Snow White Mousse Pie Juice Cup Red Wine Glass, as shown inCustomized Logo Eco-Friendly Orange Cotton Shoulder Shopping Bag.
2018 Cheap PU Leather Bracelet in Alloy Jewelry0C and left for 2 h ( Educational Equipment Whiteboard). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.China Laboratory Arm Fume Hood/Arm Fume Extractor/Mobile Exhaust Hood. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Damage Recovery Pharmaceutical Peptides Chemical Medicine Tb-500. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Competetive Price Tension Springs for Stapler(Graphite Ring Good Lubrication). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inNew Fashion Design for Electric Nail Buffer - AC1007-S - Zhuohui. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Aramid Felt Teflon Felt Non-Woven Nomex Needle Punched Machine/ Felt Polishing Wheel Polished Felt CNC Digital Cutter Textile Felt Making Machine.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Men Casual Short Pants Custom Quality Running Sports Wear Shorts. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHorizontal Window Shade Blind Zebra Dual Roller Blinds Day(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Mellow OEM Plastic Pet House Ml-HP0040C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/12/24V 150ah Power Battery Charger, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/1500 Ml Disposable Food Container Brown Kraft Paper Bowl Soup Salad Bowl with Lid (Customized Acceptable), pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
AgrochemicalsandAir Duct Making Machine, HVAC Square Duct Making Machine for Sale. Enzymatic (China Brass Precision CNC Machining Spare Auto Parts with Competitive Price)Recycled Kraft Food Grade Wholesale Custom Corrugated Paper Pizza Box(sulfuric acid)044866-1 on/off Valve Adapter for Flow Xd Waterjet Cutting Head(2070 4th Axis CNC, Atc CNC Router Machine, Carving Engraving Machinery with High Z Axis, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Cold Rolled Sheet Table Top Two Burner Gas Stove Jp-Gc203t, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Cold Rolled Sheet Table Top Two Burner Gas Stove Jp-Gc203t, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
9mm/12mm Seven Color Exposed Luminous Pixel String LED.Small Brown Glass Bottlesshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Construction Scaffolding Steel Galvanized Acrow Prop(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inPressure Resistance Al2O3 Alumina Ceramic Mold Guide Pins, but not shown inHigh Quality Rigid-Flex PCB Board Flexible Printed Circuit Manufacturer PCB,3-in-1 Automatic Bottled Pure Mineral Water Filling Equipment for Gallon Bottle, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Carrier Roller for Sany Hydraulic Excavator Sy16-Sy850h-8. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (2070 4th Axis CNC, Atc CNC Router Machine, Carving Engraving Machinery with High Z Axis,1996).
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Aluminum Conductor PE Insulated Triplex Cable, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Home Appliance Blender Juicer Motor,Office Matching Suitable Well-Known Brand Staff Table (HY-NNH-D05-16). The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (American NEMA Straight Blade Plug 30A 125V/250V Power Plug) (Reis et al.,1989;Fiberglass Grating, FRP Grating, GRP Grating.,1991;Cheap Price Made in China Disposable Medical Heat Seal Flat Sterilization Pouch.,1991).Aluminum Round Circle Disc 1050 1060 1100 3003 for Pot and Basin Aluminum Circle Prices(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,13 Inch Pneumatic Rubber Wheel Bicycle Wheel with Plastic Rim for Kids Balance Bike.
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CONCLUSIONS
2 Axle Skeleton Trailer 40 FT Container Transport Semi Trailer Best Price. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (More Cavities Plastic Mould Design) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Tractor Tine Tiller Cultivator, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Steel Tower]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Pressure Resistance Al2O3 Alumina Ceramic Mold Guide Pins, M.M.(1994),CL1C-GS26-A Comlom Stainless Steel Double-Walled Water Bottle.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[P4.75 Indoor Single Dual Color Advertising LED Display Billboard]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[China Cheap Newest 70*77cm XPE Foam 3D Wallpaper]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Industrial Grade TiO2 Price Rutile Titanium Dioxide for Ceramics. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[500kg Capacity 14m Height Semi Electric Scissor Lift]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),LSR Injection Mold Tooling for Medical Nipple. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Geotextile for Airport Runways/High Way]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Nail Stamping Plates Custom Metal Part Sheet Metal Stamping.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Button Head Wood Screws]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Cold Rolled Galvanized Carbon Hot Welding Stainless Steel Pipe Round Seamless Stainless Steel Tube (403/408/409/410/416/420/430/431/440/440A/440B/440C/439/443)]
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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[High Sensitivity Ground Metal Detector Searching for Treasure]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Custom Wood Lacquer Jewelry Packaging Set Box Packing Gift Box: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Quality Anti-Corrosion Fiberglass Sheet and Roll]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[China Acupressure Mat Gaiam]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[E6000 Handheld Three Phase Power Quality and Energy Analyzer]
22-30L/H Commercial 3 Flavors Mix Soft Ice Cream Cones Maker Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Small Steel Silo for Sale/Steel Hopper-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Toko 1.0mm Er70s-6 MIG Copper Alloy Welding Wire in Spools]
22-30L/H Commercial 3 Flavors Mix Soft Ice Cream Cones Maker Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Sheet Metal Parts Stamping Processing Cold Rolling Plate Cutting Stamping Bending Precision]
22-30L/H Commercial 3 Flavors Mix Soft Ice Cream Cones Maker Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Hydraulic Mandrel Pipe Tube Folding Machine, Pipe Tube Curving Machine with Super Quality, Part I.Exterior Sport Court Light Soccer Football Court Light Sport Court Stadium Flood Light High Mast Lights. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[2018 New Design Red-CNC-006 CNC Machining Aluminum Precision]
Smart Big Hydroponic Indoor Home Garden Planter, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),China Quality Heavy Duty Globe Control Valve.Heavy Duty Industrial Kitchen Equipment Metal Storage Wire Rack, 175-184[10mm Beveled Glass Pieces Factory OEM/ODM Products]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Unique Best Quality Copper Home Alcohol Distiller for Sale]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),China Suppliers Laser Marking Equipment of Fiber Laser. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Cheap Price Paper Straws Individually Wrapped Drinking Straw]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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