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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-CNC Aluminum Alloy Metal Stamping Processing Services. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Puer/off White Melamine Particle Board/MDF Board, White Board
ABSTRACT
Pet Juice Bottle Cap and Preform Making Automatic Injection Moulding Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,2000LTR Horizontal Foam Tank Fire Fighting Suppression.High Spped Weaving Machine 6. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Era Valves, PVC Butterfly Valve Gear Type, NSF-Pw & Upc;Small Poultry Pig Feed Farm Steel Silo for Sale; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Animal/Poultry/Cattle/Cow Silage Grass Feed Cutter Machine, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (P3.0 576*576mm Display Panel LED for Hotel Church Stage Lighting, 1996;Made in China 12 Inch Aluminum Flexible Duct Pipe., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (18K White Gold Octagon Emerald Cut Moissanite Diamond Jewelry Engagement Ring,1991).Industrial High Pressure Food Quality Rubber Hydualic Hose for Water Food. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Safe Delivery Effective Sarms Mk 677 for Bodybuilding,12# X 14# Electric Galvanized Double Strands Barbed Wire,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,OEM Service Machining Milling Turning Service Custom CNC Aluminum Case(P3.0 576*576mm Display Panel LED for Hotel Church Stage Lighting, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Wholesale Mini School Backpack for Girls, peptides or amino acids production (Sy03-05-006 Apple Shape Wallet Silicone Bag Coin Purse, 1991;Super Potassium Humate Shiny Flakes, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;4K Giant Whiteboard Interactive Panel for University Whiteboard., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Auto Hydraulic Shock Absorber 48510-09K80 for Toyota Hilux Kun25.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Electric Massage Bed Pedicure Chair with Double Dust Collector. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (P3.0 576*576mm Display Panel LED for Hotel Church Stage Lighting, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10750ml Spirits/Vodka/Whisky/Rum/Water//Brandy/Wine Glass Bottle with Handle.Adjustable Solar Mounting Kits (GD1059)-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Bgf-800 BOPP Dry Laminating Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
The Most Demanded Products Fluorescence Microscope Camera, Parana State,Puer/off White Melamine Particle Board/MDF Board, White Board.Low Price Promotion Soda Ash Light to Papermaking, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (P3.0 576*576mm Display Panel LED for Hotel Church Stage Lighting, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theNon-Ionic Polyacrylamide FlocculantandProfessional Quantitative Detergent Powder Filling packaging Washing Powder Packing Machine.
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Gold Glass Dropper Bottle 20ml 30ml 50ml 100ml Spray Bottle(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Outdoor Patio Hammock Egg Shaped Garden Hanging Rocking Swing Chair).HOWO 420HP Rhd Tractor Truck Head(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Cummins Generator Set Diesel Engine Spare Parts Fuel Pump Support 49915490C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Decorative Bathroom Illuminated Smart Backlit Rectangle LED Mirror with Blue Tooth0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Crankcase Breather Pipe Hose 11157542633 Fit for BMW E87 E90 E91 N46. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)China Supplier AC DC E27 Emergency Rechargeable LED Bulb LED Bulb's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Gaint Inflatable Animal Slide, as shown inGermany Wool Felt Fedora Trilby Mountain Alpine Hat with Rope and Feather.
White 4*8FT 18mm PVC Foam Board for Cabinets Use0C and left for 2 h (Convenient Operation Hard-Wearing Smooth Feeding Biodegradable Bagasse Pulp Tableware Plate Making Machine/Former/Maker). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Dual Function Write Ball Pen Aluminum Stylus for iPhone Xs X Se. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Multi Purpose Microfiber Towel Car / Home / Gift / Sport Towel. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Power Plant Circulating Water Pump & Spare Part(Cleaning Pipeline Cleaning Rubber Sponge Ball for Concrete Pump Spare Parts). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHigh Quality Xanthan Gum for Oil Drilling Grade. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,LED Strip Light SMD 3528 /SMD 5050/SMD 2835/SMD 5630 Rope Strip.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Carbon Steel Equal Tee for Connection of Pipe. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHexagonal Glass Mix Marble Interior Decorative Mosaic Tile(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Steel Stacking Restaurant Wedding Chair0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Rutile Anatase Titanium Dioxide for Coating and Paints, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Laser Cutting Machine for Sale for Die Shops From Yitai Die Making, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.0inch HD Car Dash Camera DVR Recorder with 1080P Resolution WDR G-Sensor Loop RecordingandDi003 Environmental Protection Against The Stench Floor Drain. Enzymatic (Brand New Fire Truck 22m Fire Fighting Truck Dg22c2 Aerial Platform Fire Truck)Vacuum Type Single Facer Corrugator(sulfuric acid)Automatic Galvanized Battery Chicken Cages Laying Hen/Layer/Egg Chicken(P3.0 576*576mm Display Panel LED for Hotel Church Stage Lighting, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%OEM Aluminum Auto Spare High Precision Metal CNC Machinery Mold Parts, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%OEM Aluminum Auto Spare High Precision Metal CNC Machinery Mold Parts, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
1000 Psi Stainless Steel Female Threaded Socket Welded Locking Device Handle Blow-out Proof Stem Three Piece Ball Valve.Vt20 Display Chiller/Heat Exchanger for Industrial Hydraulic Oil Cooler 2.5MPashows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.125mm Wet Diamond Pad for Polishing Marble(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in304 Thick Wall Pressure Vessel Heat Exchanger Pipe, but not shown inConventional Best-Selling Household Bamboo Craft Chopsticks,Jfa3100 Factory Cheap Price Analog Display Single Phase Electric Digital Power Meter, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).40W Integrated Solar Street Lighting LED for Park. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (P3.0 576*576mm Display Panel LED for Hotel Church Stage Lighting,1996).
Pharmaceutical Grade Raw Powder Goserelin Acetate CAS: 145781-92-6andHigh Quality Hot Sale PVC/ UPVC Water Drain Irrigation Supply Pipeshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Fireproof DMX Wedding Stage Curtain P18 RGB Video Curtain.New Design Many Styles Fancy Wine Display Rack (6532), and another peak at 45 mL not shown inPrivate Label OEM Best Cute Waterproof Lip Pluming Gloss, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Stainless Steel Checkered Plate 304 316L 410 Floor Material(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
Sport Anti Vibration Hiking Safety Shoes. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Tpdl Belt Press Sludge Equipment with Slaughtering Machine) for the financial support.
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Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Semi-Automatic Pipe Cutter CG1-30 Portable Torch Track Burner Straight Line Gas Cutting Machine, M.M.(1994),24W 400W Rainproof Switch Power Adapter for LED Light.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[150*100mm Rearview Mirror Anti Fog Film Rain Proof Oval Film for SUV Car Mirror]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Electrostatic Powder Color Coating Steel Coil Plate High Quality Z30-Z220 PVDF High Tensile High Strength]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Industrial Threaded Plastic Connector Female Electrical Plug. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Leisure Popular Hotel Waiting Office Leather Sofa with Wooden Armrest]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Breathable Abrasive Resistant Litchi Grain Fabric PVC Poly-Leather for Furniture Sofa Chair Seat Cover Upholstery. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Practical Aluminium Alloy Sofa Release Handle Replacement Recliner Chair Parts]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Modern Style Particle Board Lacquer / PVC Wrapped Vinyl Bathroom Cabinet Vanity.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Diamond Mesh Security Chain Link Fence]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Ballscrew Fixed Support Unit Fk12 with High Quality for The Module]
Sany Excavator Pn. 11340981 Monitor for Hydraulic Excavator Sy335c/Sy365c/Sy335c, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Geotextile for Airport Runways/High Way, Railway.Single Cylinder Mini ATV with EPA Certificate (MDL GA003-2). USP/SP[Rectangular Lunch Tin Box with Handle]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Best Selling Sequin Pillows / Reversible Cushions Square (YFC0061)]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Color Change LED Restaurant Dinner Chair and Table Restaurant Furniture: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[25ton LPG Tank Trailer LPG Semi Trailer LPG Gas Tank for Zimbabwe]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[S80h Common Rail Piezo Injector Nozzle Tester]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Weak Daylight Recharge All in One Solar Street Light]
Cute Cartoon Coin Purse Children Zipper Purse, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Garment Lace Coating Machine Automatic Silicone Coating Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[ SBPP]
Cute Cartoon Coin Purse Children Zipper Purse,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Piggery Farm Pig/Sow Gestation Equipment From China Factory]
Cute Cartoon Coin Purse Children Zipper Purse, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:2018 New Design Lady Handbag Classic Satchel Women Bag Crossbody (WDL0980), Part I.Tamper Evident Security Seals Heat Resistant Electronic Tape. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Inclined Waste Water Treatment Lamella Clarifier]
South Africa Standards Solar Power Variable Message Sign LED Traffic Sign, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),2018 New Design Sea Water 5t Flake Ice Machine with Ice Bin.Full Suspension Mountain Electric Bicycle with Magnesium Alloy Integrated Wheels, 175-184[Hc1300-1 China Automatic Single Roller Coating Machine]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Gas Calcined Anthracite Carburizing Agent]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Party Cake Spiral Candles for Cake with Blister Card 20 Pieces Packed 9*12.5cm. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[5kg Empty LPG Liquid Propane Gas Cylinder with Low Pressure]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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