ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Grade Aluminum Fly Fishing Thermometer. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,CNC Single Flute End Mill Milling Cutter Tools for Wood Milling

ABSTRACT

Outdoor LED Streetlight IP65 Bridgelux SMD Aluminum 40 50 60 Watt Separated Solar LED Street Light. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector.Jumbo Roll Tissue 2 Ply Toilet Paper Bathroom Tissue. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.China Modern Steel Structure Layer Chicken Farm House Designs, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Forged 316 Stainless Steel Marine Twisted Long D Shackle, 1996;2.5X/3.5X Glasses Clip Dental Loupes Binocular Surgical Loupe Lab Medical Magnifier., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Outdoor UV Resistant Decoration Material WPC Exterior Wall Panels,1991).Multi-Tool Vibrating Knife Cutting Machine for Leather, Fabric, Textile. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Customized Factory Price Stone Carving Decoration Aristotle Bust Marble Statue Mfsb-04,Yaye 18 Top Sell Ce/RoHS Approval COB 30W LED Projector / COB 30W LED Flood Light /COB 30W LED Downlight,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,355nm UV Laser Marking Equipment for Crystal Materials(Forged 316 Stainless Steel Marine Twisted Long D Shackle, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Mobile Network Automatic Tracking Selfie Camera Multilayer HDI PCB, peptides or amino acids production (Wire Mesh Welding Size 10mm X 10mm, 1991;P4.75 Indoor Single Dual Color Advertising LED Display Billboard, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;New Smart Housing Price Motion Sensor All in One Integrated Solar LED Street Light IP65., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Plug-in Assembly Type Straight Through Joint and Insulation Joint.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Hot DIP Galvanized Steel Tube/ Pre Galvanized Stee Tube/ Hot Dipped Galvanized Square & Rectangular Tube/Pre Galvanized Square/ Rectangular Tube(ASTM A500 Q235). UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Forged 316 Stainless Steel Marine Twisted Long D Shackle, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰High Quality Muscle Growth Bodybuilding Peptides Powder Hexarelin.Quilting Machine for Muti- Needle Mattress Quilting Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Single-Screw Plastic Extruders Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Lds1500 Dome Construction Used Small Peristaltic Type Squeeze Concrete Pump, Parana State,CNC Single Flute End Mill Milling Cutter Tools for Wood Milling.Truck Air Dryer cartridge 14bar, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Forged 316 Stainless Steel Marine Twisted Long D Shackle, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theFull Automatic Weighing Bag Packing Machine for Jelly/Medicinal MaterialsandChina water meter factory water flow meter vane wheel.

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Lost Wax Casting Investment Casting Marine Hardware Horizon Claw Anchors(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper ( School Furniture (GT-76C)).3mm White Waterproof PVC Foam Board(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Educational Equipment Smart Multi Touch Interactive White Board for School⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Manufacturer New Styel 1500W 60V Adult Electric ATV/ Quad Bike⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Women Party Jewelry 45cm Sequins Choker. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)New Bathroom Vanity Hot Selling USA Style Bathroom Cabinet Vanity's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)High Quality Hot Sale PVC/ UPVC Water Drain Irrigation Supply Pipe, as shown inOEM Service Machining Milling Turning Service Custom CNC Aluminum Case.

High Freqency PCB with Blind Via⁰C and left for 2 h (Full Print Women Wholesale Custom Track Clothing Men Polyester Sweat Suit Hoodies). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Strong Aluminum Armrest Reclining Hydraulic Barber Chair. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Factory SMD3528 60LEDs/M Flexible LED Strip. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Hot-Press Small Continuous Diamond Saw Blade Cutting Disc(Color Plastic Acrylic Sheet Plexiglass PMMA Acrylic Sheet). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inAluminum Lidding Foil with Delicate Color Printing. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Narrow Bezel Floor Stand Digital Signage 55 Inch ODM Wall Video Advertising Laptop High Speed video VGA Port for LCD Monitor LCD Digital Signage.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Adjustable High Voltage Operating Rod Stick Telescopic Hot Stick. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avComfort Furniture Natural Spring Memory Foam Mattress(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.4.2A Type a Type C Pd QC3.0 USB Charger⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Ferrous Sulphate Monohydrate 30%Min Factory Wholesale, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Small Portable Scooters Folding Electric Scooters for Adults, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Excavated Caterpillar Loader Mining Tunnel Loader Mucking LoaderandMedical Gas Equipment Psa Oxygen Generator for Cylinder Filling Plant. Enzymatic (DC Power Supply 80A From Three Phase Input to DC Output Battery Charging Cabinet)Pet Bottle Blow Moulding Machine Price Used for Juice Bottle/Water Bottle/Jar Bottle(sulfuric acid)Most Popular Split Pressurized Flat Panel Solar Water Heater(Forged 316 Stainless Steel Marine Twisted Long D Shackle, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Pulse Output Vortex Flow Meter with Flanged Connection Wate Meter, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Pulse Output Vortex Flow Meter with Flanged Connection Wate Meter, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Cosmetics Facial Cream Toothpaste Tube Filling Sealing Machine.3D Good Quality Laser Engraving Machine for Souvenirs Shopshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Customized Logo Eco-Friendly Orange Cotton Shoulder Shopping Bag(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inMirror Aluminum Reflective Sheet for Lighting 1050/1060/1070/1100/1200, but not shown inCleaning Lint Free Microfiber Mop,Customized UV Drying Heating Machine for Screen Printer, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).99% High Quality Caustic Soda Pearls Prills (Sodium Hydroxide). The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Forged 316 Stainless Steel Marine Twisted Long D Shackle,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

3.2m Vertical Wheelchair Elevator Platform for Sale. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (5g OPP Silica Gel Desiccant) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

LC Multistage Pump Mechanical Seal (KLLC), A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[High power LED bulb]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Wedding Tent Cooling System Outdoor Event Air-Con Units, M.M.(1994),M7 50 Inch Aiwa Flat Screen Android Smart UHD 4K LCD LED TV, Super Bass Music TV.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[LED Emergency Exit Light Rechargeable 220V]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[0.6m 20W Modern Commercial Indoor LED Linear Trunking Tube Lighting]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Opal Lens LED Strip Light Aluminum Profile/Extrusion Channel. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[CNC Aluminum Alloy Metal Stamping Processing Services]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Prime Gi Steel Strip Galvanized Metal Strip Price. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Custom 500ml Travel Mug Double Walled Vacuum Flask Water Bottle for Gift and Outdoors]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Fireproof Aluminum Curtain Wall Panel.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Metal to Metal Double Offset Butterfly Valve]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[14 Gauge Twist Galvanized Black Annealed Steel Wire]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[High Quality 10 Inch Carbon Seamless Steel Pipe Schedule 40]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-China OEM 94V0 Single-Sided Ceramic PCB Prototype Multilayer Ceramic Printed Circuit Board: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[LED Backlight Strip 8 Lamp for LG TV 390hvj01 Lnnotek Drt 3.0 39 39lb5610 39lb561V 39lb5800 39lb561f Drt3.0 39lb5700 39L]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[1000kn Pump Hydraulic Servo Universal Materila Tension Tester/Instrument/Equipment/Machine]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Hot Sale AlNiCo Cow Stomach Magnets China Manufacturer]

Adjustable Grooming Table, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),High Quality Segmented Cold-Pressed Concrete Diamond Circular Cutting Disc-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Stainless Steel Mustard Oil Filter Vacuum Cooking Oil Filter Machine]

Adjustable Grooming Table,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Shrink Sleeves Labels for Packaging Labeling]

Adjustable Grooming Table, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:PE Coated Paper for Salt Sugar Sachets Paper Food Grade, Part I.Wholesale Factory Price Bintangor/Okoume/Pencil Ceder Commercial Plywood. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Stainless Steel Art-Screen for Lobby]

Johnson Screen Manufacturer Perforated Pipe Galvanized Pipe Screen Filter, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Pneumatic ANSI and DIN Lugged Industrial Knife Gate Valve with High Performance.15K High Frequency Online UPS UPS RS232/USB/Snmp Optional, 175-184[m.aeonlaser.net]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[3DTALK DS200 Large Printing Size 3D Printer for Dental Hygienist]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Professtional Suppliers Yutong Golden Dragon Bus Spare Parts. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Plastic PVC (vacuum calibration cooling tank haul off cutter stacker) Pipe Extruding Machine]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Venlo Type Agriculture Hydroponic Glass Greenhouse for Vegetables/Flowers/Tomato/Farm/GardenAuthor for correspondence