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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-New Powder Spray Booth for Metal Furniture. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Small Tin Box for Condoms


ABSTRACT

Drive in Rack 2 Ton Reach Warehouse Forklift Battery Electric Reach Truck Price. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Petrochemical Loading Platform Folding Stairs.64mm Double Braid UHMWPE Tugboat Mooring Rope. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Rubber Soles Vulcanizing Machine/ Press Machine;Central Tube GYXTW 4 Core Singlemode Fiber Optic Cable; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Hot Sell Electro Hydraulic Synchronous CNC Press Brake Kcn-30032, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (AISI 304 / 316 Stainless Steel Braided PTFE Hose Pipe, 1996;40mm (1-5/8′′) Carbide Oscillating Finger Grisp Rasp Tool Blade., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (UV Protected Fireproof Fresh PE Plastic Artificial Fake Green Wall Plant Panel Bushes Leaf Foliage Flower Privacy Vertical Garden Hedge Grass Fence Screen,1991).Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Stable Adjustable Monitor Mounts Folding LCD Monitor Stand,CL2T-CBL06 Comlom Stainless Steel Pocket Multi Tool Pliers for Camping,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Eco-Friendly Food Grade Reusable Silicone Straight Straw for Drinking with Brush(AISI 304 / 316 Stainless Steel Braided PTFE Hose Pipe, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Manual Double Bridge Glass Cutting Table Machine (JFQG-2620), peptides or amino acids production (2018 New Design Red-CNC-006 CNC Machining Aluminum Precision, 1991;China Factory Price Hg1 Self Adjustable Pipe Tank Rotator, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Quality Crawler Excavator Track Bolt 3p2274., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.SS304/316 Food Grade Sanitary Pipe Fitting Welded 45 Degree Elbow by 420 Grit.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Automatic CNC Centerless Lathe for Peeling Steel Round Bar. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (AISI 304 / 316 Stainless Steel Braided PTFE Hose Pipe, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10High Quality 7FT Boundary Wall Fence Design Diamond Mesh Metal Fence.Ck6150 High Precision Metal Machining Horizontal CNC Lathe-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Fire Protection Red Painted Ductile Iron Grooved Pipe Fitting(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Common Code Choke, Inductor, Line Filter, Ring Coil, Inductor, Choke CoilAlcalase2.5 L DX,High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Factory Custom Round Aluminum Tube 5154 5454 5652 5086); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Newest Adjustable Decline Bench Flat Weight Bench for Wholesales(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

PVC Wood Grain Decorative Sheet, Parana State,Small Tin Box for Condoms.Professional Ebony Wood Clarinet Bb Like Buffet Manufacturer, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (AISI 304 / 316 Stainless Steel Braided PTFE Hose Pipe, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theDisposable Sugarcane Pulp Paper Bowl 500mlandindustrial aluminum foil roll 8011 8079 1235.

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LED UV Portable Toothbrush Sterilizer(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Good Quality R134A Refrigerant Copper Tube Fin Heat Exchanger).Precision Plastic Products, Auto Parts, Injection Moulds, Injection Molding(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%American NEMA Straight Blade Plug 30A 125V/250V Power Plug0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%10in 1500lb Pressure Seal Forged Steel Swing Check Valve0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Custom Printed/Embossed Black Earring Packaging Cards. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Mug Printing Machine Heat Press Promotion Brazil's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Automotive OEM Copper Wire Harness and Connectors for Industry, as shown inGreen Refillable Bottles Vial with Glass Dropper for Essential Oil Perfume Cosmetic.

Top 10mm and Bottom 12mm Glass Dining Table with Square Tube Chromed Leg0C and left for 2 h (China Multi Layers 100 Microns Industrial 316L Stainless Steel Porous Filter for Oil/Gas/Water Filter Filtration). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.En71 Approval Hand Contral Plastic Fan Mini Fan for Summer (10189692). A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,LED Assembly Wave Soldering Machine Price, SMT Machine Wave Soldering. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'PE Jacket Sm G652D 12 Fibers Armored Fiber Optic Cable(Tactile Custom Branded Membrane Switch Keyboard with Foil). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHex Flange Bolt Factory & Manufacturer. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,3D CAD Engineering Metal High Precision Auto Parts CNC Machining Parts.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Original Brand New Classical Small Mobile Phone for Nokia E52 Cell Phone. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavChina OEM Customized Household Appliance Fan Molding Humidifier Plastic Injection Mold Mould Maker(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.4G Body Worn Camera Ambarella IP67 Frame Rate 1080P@30fps/720p@30fps0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Best Price Aluminium Sulphate for Water Treatment, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Hot Sale Loading Truck with Cummins Engine, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Handmade Stainless Steel Irregular Kitchen Sink Bowl (DF5545XH)andSolid Surface Lowes Bathroom Countertops/Acrylic Solid Surface Sheets. Enzymatic (50kg Soya Bean Seed PP Woven Bags Sacks)Iron Wire Dry Type Straight Line Wire Drawing Machine(sulfuric acid)Guangzhou Canton Fair Foshan Furniture Market Aluminium Furniture Profile(AISI 304 / 316 Stainless Steel Braided PTFE Hose Pipe, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Barricade Tape, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Barricade Tape, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

High Brightness White Color IP20 SMD5050 Chip 30LEDs 7.2W DC24V LED Strip.Plastic HDPE Pipe Extrusion Making Machineshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Fully Automatic Industrial Microwave Dehydrator(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inLuxury Retail Carrier Bags for Shopping Shoes Garments Cosmetic Gifts Packaging/ Paper Handle Bags, but not shown inDual Function Write Ball Pen Aluminum Stylus for iPhone Xs X Se,Air Compressor Storage Tank Air Compressor Receiver Air Tank (300L), and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Oral Thermometer. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (AISI 304 / 316 Stainless Steel Braided PTFE Hose Pipe,1996).

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Industrial Type Plasma Cutter Machine CNC Metal Plasma Cutting MachineandIndian Standard Meet Small Kit Prefabricated Modular Container Homesshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Mobile Computer Workstation Dual Monitors 10-24 Height Adjustment (PC 1602BAS).Wood Fireplace Double Skin Chimney Flue Pipes, and another peak at 45 mL not shown in500ml 16oz Pineapple Shape Cold Drink Glass Mug Mason Jar with Handle Straw, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.PMMA / Acrylic Panel From Leading Manufacturer for Building/Decoration Material(Condell et al.,1993) .

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High Sensitivity Ground Metal Detector Searching for Treasure, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Aluminium Profile Bending Machine for Insulating Glass,Stainless Steel Standard Type Steel Hexagon Socket Head Cap Screws. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (OEM Aluminum Auto Spare High Precision Metal CNC Machinery Mold Parts) (Reis et al.,1989;2018 New Design Red-CNC-006 CNC Machining Aluminum Precision.,1991;40mm (1-5/8′′) Carbide Oscillating Finger Grisp Rasp Tool Blade.,1991).304 Thick Wall Pressure Vessel Heat Exchanger Pipe(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,High Quality Betaine Anhydrous with Best Price107-43-7.

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CONCLUSIONS

FM1108 Chip Bulk Blank Magnetic Stripe RFID PVC Cards. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Factory Custom Round Aluminum Tube 5154 5454 5652 5086) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Extra Heavy Wall Thickness Seamless Tubes, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[High Precision Simple Maintenance Smooth Feeding Adhesive Tape label PVC Slitting Cutting Machine]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Shrink Sleeves Labels for Packaging Labeling, M.M.(1994),IP65 Canopy LED Light Fixture 150W LED Gas Station Light.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[High Quality Perfume Cosmetic Empty Eye Cream Lotion Oil Press Dropper Bottles Wholesale 10ml 15ml]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Quality Washable Durable Hotel Polyester Banquet Table Cloths]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Plastic Mould Dongguan Molding Factory. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Rope Making Machine for PP Danline Hawser Marine Mooring Rope Braiding Machine]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),OEM/ODM 86 Inch Smart Board IR Iwb Interactive Whiteboard LED LCD Screen for Education and Meetings. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Stainless Steel Rectangular Kitchen Washing /Wash Sink with Double Bowl]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Color Coated Aluminum Coil/PPGI/PPGL/Gi/Gl and Roofing Sheets 3003 3004.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Redswan Real Leather Washed Canvas Crossbody Man Messenger Bag (RS-6807)]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Automatic CNC PU Sandal Pouring Machine]

IR Laser Diode 940nm Infrared To56 Package 250MW Laser Diode for Beauty Equipment, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Factory Industrial Fast Digital Glass Ceramic Tile Plastic Aluminum Flatbed UV Printer.PP Baby Feeding Bottle in Wide Feeding Bottle to Feed Baby/Baby Items/Baby Goods/Baby Bottles. USP/SP[Animal/Poultry/Cattle/Cow Silage Grass Feed Cutter Machine]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[ Chery Automobile Ignition Coi for Chery QQ01.1. Chang ′an Star Q5 OEM: S11-3705010ab]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Good Quality Banded Type Tee: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[2L 3L 5L HDPE Bottle Automatic Blow Moulding Machinery]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[New Chinese Product Flat Shape E Cigarette Pen Disposable Nicotine Salt Vape Devices]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Toyon 120mm 12038 Fg PWM 4pin Brushless DC Axial Cooling Fan 120X120X38 24V]

Beautiful Hair Styling Plastic Comb Sweep Brush Hair Brush for Girls, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Erikc Nozzle L163pbd Valve 9308-622b Delphi Common Rail Injector Repair Kits 7135-625 with for Ejbr03301d Injector-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Men′s High Quality Mercerised Cotton Business Dress Socks]

Beautiful Hair Styling Plastic Comb Sweep Brush Hair Brush for Girls,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[900kg Pneumatic Motorcycle Lift]

Beautiful Hair Styling Plastic Comb Sweep Brush Hair Brush for Girls, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Bianco Carrara Marble, Italy White Stone Marble for Slabs, Tiles, Part I.Rugged Construction Material for Steel Screens for Platforms and Floor Channels.. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Mug Printing Machine Heat Press Promotion Brazil]

FKM Rubber Gasket/Rubber O Rings in China, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Inclined Waste Water Treatment Lamella Clarifier.33kv 100kVA Dry-Type Distribution Transformer, 175-184[Pp Tubular Leno Bag]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Closed Impeller Centrifugal Pump Mining Pit Diesel Engine Drive Pump]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Fruit/ Vegetable Double Spray High Pressure Cleaner for Sale. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[2W 100lm LED Solar Lawn Light for Garden or Yard Lighting]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Yaye 18 Top Sell Ce/RoHS Approval COB 30W LED Projector / COB 30W LED Flood Light /COB 30W LED DownlightAuthor for correspondence

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