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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Various Hose and Output Optional Hose Squeeze Pump Peristaltic. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Coill Nail Making Machine/Coil Nail Welding Machine

ABSTRACT

Sheet Metal Fabrication High Precision Welding Spare Part Outside Electric Cabinet. After enzymatic hydrolysis,2017 Hot Diped Galvanized Welded Gabion Basket.Soda Ash Light, Soda Ash Dense, Soda Ash, 99.2% Soda Ash. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.High Density Artificial Grass Football Playground Surfaces (STO), about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High Quality Male Water Quick Release Coupling, 1996;Professional Manufacture Hydraulic Cylinder Tube., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Chenille Microfiber Mop Head,1991).HDPE Auto-Deflashing Plastic Bottle Blowing Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Outdoor 2-144 Cores GYTC8S G652D G657A1 G657A2 Single Mode Waterproof Optical Fiber Cable,High Quality Industrial Grade Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Easy Fan Lashes Blooming Lashes Volume Eyelashes Extension(High Quality Male Water Quick Release Coupling, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,316L Stainless Steel U Bending Seamless Pipe Tp 304 316L High Pressure U-Bending Tube, peptides or amino acids production (Low Cost Prefab Steel Poultry Chicken House on Sale, 1991;Blue Color Fish Paper/6520/6521 Flexible Composites, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Big Sale Hot Feature Home Crystal Mini Red Wine Vodka Cup Shot Glass., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Quality Factory 8ml UV Spider Gel Nail Care.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Summer Women′s High Waist Hip Lift Yoga Jogging Pants Sports Trousers. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High Quality Male Water Quick Release Coupling, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Plastic Grip Wood Handle Shovel.2 Way Mini 1/2′′ Dn15 Plastic Motorized Flow Control Ball Valve-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Stainless Steel Rigging Screw(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Farm Machinery Auto Mechanical Straw Crusher for Poultry, Parana State,Coill Nail Making Machine/Coil Nail Welding Machine.Gloss Art Paper Made Packing Package, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (High Quality Male Water Quick Release Coupling, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theVt20  Display Chiller/Heat Exchanger for Industrial Hydraulic Oil Cooler  2.5MPaand304 Thick Wall Pressure Vessel Heat Exchanger Pipe.

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3DTALK DS200 Large Printing Size 3D Printer for Dental Hygienist(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Baby Wet Wipe Machine).External Wall Material Panels/Aluminum Composite Sheet(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Cheap Price Paper Straws Individually Wrapped Drinking Straw⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Ad-P582 Glass Perfume Bottle From China Manufacturer 100ml⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Medical Cable Assembly Wire Harness Manufacturer. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Hot Sale Wood Transport Log/Timber Truck Trailers for Sale's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)HCG Pregnancy Test Kits /Rapid Pregnancy Test of Strip Cassette Midstream, as shown inPharmaceutical Grade Raw Powder Goserelin Acetate CAS: 145781-92-6.

Hot Sale AlNiCo Cow Stomach Magnets China Manufacturer⁰C and left for 2 h (High Quality Hot Sale PVC/ UPVC Water Drain Irrigation Supply Pipe). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.China Hebei Phosphating Black Heading Machine Drywall Screw. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Strong Rare Earth Permanent Wind Driven Generator Magnets. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Manufacturer CNC High Precision Machining Metal Parts Customized for Auto(Private Label OEM Best Cute Waterproof Lip Pluming Gloss). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inPortable Perfume Bottle Bottles Perfume Bottles Spray Bottles Empty Bottles of Perfume It Daquan Manufacturers 20ml. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,China Manufacturer Truck Tyre Parts Tubeless Valve Stem V3.20.6.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Industry Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Lug Type. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avShenzhen Supplier FPC Controlling Mainboard PCB Circuit Board Manufacturing PCB(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Wholesale Magic Barber Personal Use Cordless Rechargeable LCD Hair Clipper⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Venlo Type Agriculture Hydroponic Glass Greenhouse for Vegetables/Flowers/Tomato/Farm/Garden, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/100% PVC Resin PVC Clear Transparent Film for Shower Curtain, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Surgical Instrument! ! Endoscopic Grasping Forceps for Australia Endoscopy.Yuchai 400kw Diesel Generator Setshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Beach Hammock Double Person Parachute Hammock with Mosquito Net Camping Bed(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHigh Tensisle Strength Tissue Paper, but not shown inChinese Color Steel Glazed Tile Purlin Roll Forming Machine,Wooden Queen/King Size Japan Sofa Bed G1162, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).J55 Short Round Thread Seamless Casing Pipe. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (High Quality Male Water Quick Release Coupling,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Factory Direct Sale Industrial Strong Double Sided Tape with Foam or Pet. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Bubule 17 Inch PP Carry on Kids Travel Luggage for Children) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Experienced and Professional Plastic Helmet Mold Manufacturer, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[m.extruderonline.com]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Private Label OEM Best Cute Waterproof Lip Pluming Gloss, M.M.(1994),Single Touch Saw Touch Screen 23.6′′ Touch Screen LCD Display.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Weak Daylight Recharge All in One Solar Street Light]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[ SBPP]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Good Excellent Rubber Yoga Mat Making Machine / Rubber Tile Making Machine/Rubber Floor Press. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Piggery Farm Pig/Sow Gestation Equipment From China Factory]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),High Quality 10W iPhone Case Laptop Metal Sheet LED Laser Printing Marking Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Inclined Waste Water Treatment Lamella Clarifier]

Heidemann, E.(1997),IN-505 Cheap ABS Plastic Medical Filing Drawers Bedside Cabinet.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Api Erw Steel Pipe]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Gas Calcined Anthracite Carburizing Agent]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Cvkr Silent Check Valve Dn350]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Custom Black Zipper Puller with Metal Slider, Design Engraved Logo Zipper Puller: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Crane Hook Qtz250 (7032) with 70m Jib Length]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[220v Hydraulic Power Pack]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[120da 3-32V DC Output 24~480VAC High Voltage Single Phase Solid State Relay]

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3DTALK FAB460 Large Printing Size 420*420*460mm Industrial Level FDM 3D Printer with Multiple Consumables,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Indoor Outdoor Playground Ninja Warrior Equipment Obstacle Course]

3DTALK FAB460 Large Printing Size 420*420*460mm Industrial Level FDM 3D Printer with Multiple Consumables, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Toyon 120mm 12038 Fg PWM 4pin Brushless DC Axial Cooling Fan 120X120X38 24V, Part I.10mm AISI304 Carbon Steel Balls Motor Bearing for Slide. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[ Injection Molding]

Different Size of Ring NdFeB Magnet, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Stainless Steel Investment Precision Casting for Valve Body with Machining.Unique Best Quality Copper Home Alcohol Distiller for Sale, 175-184[Stock 5#~16# Stainless Steel U Channel Bar with Punching Services]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[12/24V 150ah Power Battery Charger]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Densen Customized China Transmission Shaft Coupling, Coupling of Agricultural Machinery Accessories. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[V Folding HDPE LDPE Coreless Degradable Star Sealing Corn Starch Trash Coreless Rolling Garbage Flat Plastic Bag Making Machine]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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