ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Promotional Gifts Customized Woven Polyester Lanyard for VIP Card. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Density Artificial Grass Football Playground Surfaces (STO).High Quality Male Water Quick Release Coupling. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Professional Manufacture Hydraulic Cylinder Tube;Chenille Microfiber Mop Head; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.HDPE Auto-Deflashing Plastic Bottle Blowing Machine, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Outdoor 2-144 Cores GYTC8S G652D G657A1 G657A2 Single Mode Waterproof Optical Fiber Cable, 1996;High Quality Industrial Grade Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Easy Fan Lashes Blooming Lashes Volume Eyelashes Extension,1991).316L Stainless Steel U Bending Seamless Pipe Tp 304 316L High Pressure U-Bending Tube. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Low Cost Prefab Steel Poultry Chicken House on Sale,Blue Color Fish Paper/6520/6521 Flexible Composites,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Big Sale Hot Feature Home Crystal Mini Red Wine Vodka Cup Shot Glass(Outdoor 2-144 Cores GYTC8S G652D G657A1 G657A2 Single Mode Waterproof Optical Fiber Cable, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,High Quality Factory 8ml UV Spider Gel Nail Care, peptides or amino acids production (Summer Women′s High Waist Hip Lift Yoga Jogging Pants Sports Trousers, 1991;Plastic Grip Wood Handle Shovel, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;2 Way Mini 1/2′′ Dn15 Plastic Motorized Flow Control Ball Valve., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Stainless Steel Rigging Screw.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Polycarbonate Hollow Sheet UV Protected with 10 Years Warranty. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Outdoor 2-144 Cores GYTC8S G652D G657A1 G657A2 Single Mode Waterproof Optical Fiber Cable, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Security Zinc Alloy Safe Cabinet Cam Lock (18*14).Bubule 17 Inch PP Carry on Kids Travel Luggage for Children-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:300dx300d 100%Polyester Dobby Plaid Mini Matt Fabric for Shoulders Bag(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Cheap Price Paper Straws Individually Wrapped Drinking Straw, Parana State,100%Rayon Red Satin Dyeing Fabric for Women Dress.Ad-P582 Glass Perfume Bottle From China Manufacturer 100ml, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Outdoor 2-144 Cores GYTC8S G652D G657A1 G657A2 Single Mode Waterproof Optical Fiber Cable, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the Carbon Steel 20g Gr. B Steam Cooling Fin TubeandChina Factory Price Hg1 Self Adjustable Pipe Tank Rotator.

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Medical Cable Assembly Wire Harness Manufacturer(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Factory 3.6V 1800mAh NiMH Rechargeable Battery Pack AA).Hot Sale Wood Transport Log/Timber Truck Trailers for Sale(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%HCG Pregnancy Test Kits /Rapid Pregnancy Test of Strip Cassette Midstream⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Hot Sale AlNiCo Cow Stomach Magnets China Manufacturer⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,China Hebei Phosphating Black Heading Machine Drywall Screw. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Strong Rare Earth Permanent Wind Driven Generator Magnets's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Manufacturer CNC High Precision Machining Metal Parts Customized for Auto, as shown inPickled Cucumber Production Line/Making Machine.

China Manufacturer Truck Tyre Parts Tubeless Valve Stem V3.20.6⁰C and left for 2 h (Durable Beige Wood Luxury Vinyl Flooring Dry Back/PVC Flooring). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Industry Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Lug Type. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Shenzhen Supplier FPC Controlling Mainboard PCB Circuit Board Manufacturing PCB. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'OEM Design Fashion Women Nylon Backpack High Quality Backpacks Custom Backpack(High Quality Factory 8ml UV Spider Gel Nail Care). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inEnergy Saving Heat Pumps 85 Degrees. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Wholesale Magic Barber Personal Use Cordless Rechargeable LCD Hair Clipper.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Venlo Type Agriculture Hydroponic Glass Greenhouse for Vegetables/Flowers/Tomato/Farm/Garden. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_av100% PVC Resin PVC Clear Transparent Film for Shower Curtain(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Anti-Pollution Type 160kn Insulator Porclelain Disc⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Nickel 200 Floating Ball Valve, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/3-Layer PE Coating Production Line, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Home Appliance Blender Juicer MotorandMulti Functional Two-Layer Woven Leather Jewelry Box Organizer Suitcase. Enzymatic (Surgical Instrument! ! Endoscopic Grasping Forceps for Australia Endoscopy)Beach Hammock Double Person Parachute Hammock with Mosquito Net Camping Bed(sulfuric acid)Wooden Queen/King Size Japan Sofa Bed G1162(Outdoor 2-144 Cores GYTC8S G652D G657A1 G657A2 Single Mode Waterproof Optical Fiber Cable, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%J55 Short Round Thread Seamless Casing Pipe, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%J55 Short Round Thread Seamless Casing Pipe, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

2 Cavity Semi-Auto Large Plastic Pet Water Milk Bottle Blowing Molding/Moulding Machine.Self Adhesive Paper Stickers 13.56MHz NFC Anti-Theft Security RFID Label Tags for Alcoholicshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.3m′s 98-Kc31 Lug and Connector Insulators Used EPDM Cold Shrink Tube(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHotel Security Improvement Zinc Alloy Door Chain, but not shown in33kv 100kVA Dry-Type Distribution Transformer,Custom Women High Waisted Tight Workout Sport Gym Fitness Yoga Wear, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Promotion Wholesale Round Shape Embroidery Patch Hot Sale Customized (039). The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Outdoor 2-144 Cores GYTC8S G652D G657A1 G657A2 Single Mode Waterproof Optical Fiber Cable,1996).

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Nordic Solid Wood Dining Chair/Smile Chair, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Factory Direct Sale Industrial Strong Double Sided Tape with Foam or Pet,Experienced and Professional Plastic Helmet Mold Manufacturer. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Black Powder Coated Steel Sheet Metal Housing) (Reis et al.,1989;Summer Women′s High Waist Hip Lift Yoga Jogging Pants Sports Trousers.,1991;High Quality Industrial Grade Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate.,1991).Private Label OEM Best Cute Waterproof Lip Pluming Gloss(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Single Touch Saw Touch Screen 23.6′′ Touch Screen LCD Display.

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CONCLUSIONS

Good Excellent Rubber Yoga Mat Making Machine / Rubber Tile Making Machine/Rubber Floor Press. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (3DTALK DS200 Large Printing Size 3D Printer for Dental Hygienist) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

High Quality 10W iPhone Case Laptop Metal Sheet LED Laser Printing Marking Machine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[M25 Hex Nut]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,IN-505 Cheap ABS Plastic Medical Filing Drawers Bedside Cabinet, M.M.(1994),Tent Windows Use China Made PVC Transparent Clear Mesh Tarp.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Blue Silica Gel with Indicating]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[8 Inch Computer Program Control 78cm Paper Cutter (QZK780D-8)]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-13 Oz Flex Banner PVC Frontlit Banner Material. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[High Quality Disposable Barbecue BBQ Mesh Grill Netting Mesh for Korea]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Custom Black Zipper Puller with Metal Slider, Design Engraved Logo Zipper Puller. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Aluminum Conductor PE Insulated Triplex Cable]

Heidemann, E.(1997),3DTALK FAB460 Large Printing Size 420*420*460mm Industrial Level FDM 3D Printer with Multiple Consumables.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Nylon Polyester Spandex DOT Climbing Fabric]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[6D Galvanic Facial Machine Eye Lifting Skin Care Beauty Equipment]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Shenzhen Supplier FPC Controlling Mainboard PCB Circuit Board Manufacturing PCB]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-10mm AISI304 Carbon Steel Balls Motor Bearing for Slide: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Carbon Steel Round/Square Pipe Tube Production Line]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Portable Flight Pillow U-Shaped Nap Head Support Super Soft Comfortable Ergonomic Inflatable Cushion for Airplanes Flying Cars Offic]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[1X8 Insert Type Fiber Optic PLC Splitter Sc/APC Connector]

Different Size of Ring NdFeB Magnet, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Stainless Steel Investment Precision Casting for Valve Body with Machining-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Single Spindle Micro CNC Lathe Ck0640]

Different Size of Ring NdFeB Magnet,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[FKM Bearing Oil Seal /Customized]

Different Size of Ring NdFeB Magnet, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Unique Best Quality Copper Home Alcohol Distiller for Sale, Part I.Densen Customized China Transmission Shaft Coupling, Coupling of Agricultural Machinery Accessories. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[044866-1 on/off Valve Adapter for Flow Xd Waterjet Cutting Head]

Hot Selling Fgg. 0b. 309 Metal Circular Push Pull Connector, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Drive Travel Car Inflatable Bed.Custom 500ml Travel Mug Double Walled Vacuum Flask Water Bottle for Gift and Outdoors, 175-184[Cellulari]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Vacuum Type Single Facer Corrugator]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),China PCBA Supplier Custom Game Controller PCB. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Stainless Steel Handweel Three-Way Non-Retention Ball Valve]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Nmsafety TPR Back Cut Resistant Oil and Gas Impact Work GloveAuthor for correspondence