ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-China Quality Heavy Duty Globe Control Valve. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Heavy Duty Industrial Kitchen Equipment Metal Storage Wire Rack

ABSTRACT

China Suppliers Laser Marking Equipment of Fiber Laser. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Bonfiglioli Ta Series Helical Gearing Gearbox.Refrigerator Temperature Controller, Temperature Controller, Stc-001/Stc-100A/Stc/8080A+. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Large Stock Aerators for Shrimp Farms and Fish Pond, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (750ml Pet Transparent External Skincare Plastic Cosmetic Packaging Shampoo Bottle., 1996;Large Diameter Aluminum Pipe 3004., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Plastic Injection Mould with S136 Mould Steel Plastic Mould Factory,1991).OEM/ODM Professional Activated Charcoal Teeth Whitennig Powder. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Integrated Waterproof PVC Lamination Bathroom Wall Panels,Embossed PVC Rexine Car Seat Cover Leather,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Chinese Factory High Quality Pn10 Plastic PVC Rubber Joint NPT Thread Corrugated Ball Valves(750ml Pet Transparent External Skincare Plastic Cosmetic Packaging Shampoo Bottle., 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Solar Aluminum Rail Splice Connector for Rail Extention, peptides or amino acids production (Grade Aluminum Fly Fishing Thermometer, 1991;CNC Single Flute End Mill Milling Cutter Tools for Wood Milling, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Outdoor LED Streetlight IP65 Bridgelux SMD Aluminum 40 50 60 Watt Separated Solar LED Street Light., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Jumbo Roll Tissue 2 Ply Toilet Paper Bathroom Tissue. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (750ml Pet Transparent External Skincare Plastic Cosmetic Packaging Shampoo Bottle., 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰10mm Cubes N52 NdFeB Block Magnets for Electronic Components.Watermark Approval Brass Press Equal Fitting Male Tee-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:China Modern Steel Structure Layer Chicken Farm House Designs(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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355nm UV Laser Marking Equipment for Crystal Materials(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Belt Conveyor in Heavy Duty Industry for Mining).Mobile Network Automatic Tracking Selfie Camera Multilayer HDI PCB(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Wire Mesh Welding Size 10mm X 10mm⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%P4.75 Indoor Single Dual Color Advertising LED Display Billboard⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,New Smart Housing Price Motion Sensor All in One Integrated Solar LED Street Light IP65. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Plug-in Assembly Type Straight Through Joint and Insulation Joint's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Hot DIP Galvanized Steel Tube/ Pre Galvanized Stee Tube/ Hot Dipped Galvanized Square & Rectangular Tube/Pre Galvanized Square/ Rectangular Tube(ASTM A500 Q235), as shown inSolar Aluminum Rail Splice Connector for Rail Extention.

High Quality Muscle Growth Bodybuilding Peptides Powder Hexarelin⁰C and left for 2 h (Wholesale Fashion Jewellery Lady Eardrop Earrings for Women). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Quilting Machine for Muti- Needle Mattress Quilting Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Single-Screw Plastic Extruders Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Boiler Parts Water Cooling Tube, Carbon Steel 20g Gr. B Steam Cooling Fin Tube(RF E-Light IPL Shr Laser Hair Removal Beauty Machine Equipment). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCNC Machining Engineering Wheel Spacers. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,High Quanlity Colorful Aluminum Spacer/Standoff.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%5g OPP Silica Gel Desiccant. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avElectric Winch With Groove Drum(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Truck Air Dryer cartridge 14bar⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Lost Wax Casting Investment Casting Marine Hardware Horizon Claw Anchors, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/3mm White Waterproof PVC Foam Board, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Glass Disc Suspension InsulatorsandEducational Equipment Smart Multi Touch Interactive White Board for School. Enzymatic (Manufacturer New Styel 1500W 60V Adult Electric ATV/ Quad Bike)Women Party Jewelry 45cm Sequins Choker(sulfuric acid)New Bathroom Vanity Hot Selling USA Style Bathroom Cabinet Vanity(750ml Pet Transparent External Skincare Plastic Cosmetic Packaging Shampoo Bottle., 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%High Quality Hot Sale PVC/ UPVC Water Drain Irrigation Supply Pipe, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%High Quality Hot Sale PVC/ UPVC Water Drain Irrigation Supply Pipe, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

High Freqency PCB with Blind Via.RCA Audio Connector Male Gold-Plated Cable Jack Plug Maleshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Strong Aluminum Armrest Reclining Hydraulic Barber Chair(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inFine 36 Hydraulic Breaker Seal Kit for Fine 36 Hydraulic Hammer Seal Kit Fine 36 Breaker Seal Kit, but not shown in30100-90063 30199-90064 30100-90208 Auto Parts Clutch Disc for Nissan Toyota Hino Isuzu,Factory SMD3528 60LEDs/M Flexible LED Strip, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Hot-Press Small Continuous Diamond Saw Blade Cutting Disc. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (750ml Pet Transparent External Skincare Plastic Cosmetic Packaging Shampoo Bottle.,1996).

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Non-Ionic Polyacrylamide Flocculant

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CONCLUSIONS

DC Power Supply 80A From Three Phase Input to DC Output Battery Charging Cabinet. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Outdoor UV Resistant Decoration Material WPC Exterior Wall Panels) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Pet Bottle Blow Moulding Machine Price Used for Juice Bottle/Water Bottle/Jar Bottle, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Natural Bamboo Sheet Set]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Most Popular Split Pressurized Flat Panel Solar Water Heater, M.M.(1994),Pulse Output Vortex Flow Meter with Flanged Connection Wate Meter.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Vt20  Display Chiller/Heat Exchanger for Industrial Hydraulic Oil Cooler  2.5MPa]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[304 Thick Wall Pressure Vessel Heat Exchanger Pipe]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Cosmetics Facial Cream Toothpaste Tube Filling Sealing Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Conventional Best-Selling Household Bamboo Craft Chopsticks]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Customized Logo Eco-Friendly Orange Cotton Shoulder Shopping Bag. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Baby Wet Wipe Machine]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Customized UV Drying Heating Machine for Screen Printer.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Large Diameter Fused Polished Silica Quartz Glass Pipeline Quartz Tube]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Pharmaceutical Grade Raw Powder Goserelin Acetate CAS: 145781-92-6]

Smart Big Hydroponic Indoor Home Garden Planter, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),99% High Quality Caustic Soda Pearls Prills (Sodium Hydroxide).Bosch Alternator 0124515010 Sg12b015 Lester: 13853, 13942, 13947. USP/SP[High Quality Hot Sale PVC/ UPVC Water Drain Irrigation Supply Pipe]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Private Label OEM Best Cute Waterproof Lip Pluming Gloss]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-RF E-Light IPL Shr Laser Hair Removal Beauty Machine Equipment: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[More Cavities Plastic Mould Design]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Solar Vacuum Tube With Heat Pipe]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Yuchai 400kw Diesel Generator Set]

Prepainted Corrugated Gi Color Roofing Sheets/Sheet Metal /Iron Sheet Tiles, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Cog Mono Round Display LCD Module-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[High Tensisle Strength Tissue Paper]

Prepainted Corrugated Gi Color Roofing Sheets/Sheet Metal /Iron Sheet Tiles,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Chinese Color Steel Glazed Tile Purlin Roll Forming Machine]

Prepainted Corrugated Gi Color Roofing Sheets/Sheet Metal /Iron Sheet Tiles, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:4/105mm High Quality Sintered Cutting Disk Hardware Tools Diamond Turbo Saw Blade for Ceramic Black, Part I.460g Good Tensile Strength PU Fiberglass Thermal Insulation Fabric. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[150*100mm Rearview Mirror Anti Fog Film Rain Proof Oval Film for SUV Car Mirror]

China Products Suppliers Camlock Coupling Quick Couplings Female, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Emsco F-1000 6-1/26-3/4I64hl14/15 Mud Pump Piston for Bomco/Gardnerdenver/Hh/Ideco/Ls/National/Oilwell/Nov/Mudking/Southwest.3.2m Vertical Wheelchair Elevator Platform for Sale, 175-184[blockmachinechina]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Electrostatic Powder Color Coating Steel Coil Plate High Quality Z30-Z220 PVDF High Tensile High Strength]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),LC Multistage Pump Mechanical Seal (KLLC). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Leisure Popular Hotel Waiting Office Leather Sofa with Wooden Armrest]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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