ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Fiberglass Grating, FRP Grating, GRP Grating. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Aluminium Profile Roller Shutters OEM/Rolling Screen Aluminium.Rutile Titanium Dioxide Exterior Emulsion Paint. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Promotional Multi-Function CO2 CNC Control Table Laser Cutter Engraving Supplier;Cheap CNC Plasma Cutter for Sale with Flame CNC Steel Sheet Cutting Machine for Round Tube Cutting Manufacturer Factory Plasma Cutting Machines; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Stainless Steel Hole Punching Machine/ CNC Perforation Machine, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Rockwool Insulation Pipe for Bolier with Aluminum Foil Steam Tube, 1996;Pet and PP Geobag with UV High Strength Thermal., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (3000mm Sliding Table Panel Saw with 45 Degree Cutting MDF,1991).Magnetic Latching Relay for Health Life. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,More Cavities Plastic Mould Design,Energy Conservation Electric Single Servo Turret Punch Press Machine D-Es300,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High Quality 14AWG 16AWG USA spiral Power Cord to IEC C13(Rockwool Insulation Pipe for Bolier with Aluminum Foil Steam Tube, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Baseball Cap Fitted Hat Casual Cap Gorras 5 Panel Hip Hop Snapback Hats Wash Cap for Men Women Unisex, peptides or amino acids production (Soft magnetic alloy 1J38 rod / Ni38Cr13/38H14X, 1991;High Current Temperature Rising Test Large Current Temperature Rising Test System, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Animal Manure Fertilizer Fermentation Machine., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Compact New Design IP65 Toggle Limit Switch.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Teflon for Industrial Plastic Gasket Seal with Good Quality. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Rockwool Insulation Pipe for Bolier with Aluminum Foil Steam Tube, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Double Walled Stainless Steel Insulated Water Bottle.Wineglass Crystal Glass Snow White Mousse Pie Juice Cup Red Wine Glass-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:2018 Cheap PU Leather Bracelet in Alloy Jewelry(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

China Laboratory Arm Fume Hood/Arm Fume Extractor/Mobile Exhaust HoodAlcalase2.5 L DX,Damage Recovery Pharmaceutical Peptides Chemical Medicine Tb-500, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Competetive Price Tension Springs for Stapler); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Aramid Felt Teflon Felt Non-Woven Nomex Needle Punched Machine/ Felt Polishing Wheel Polished Felt CNC Digital Cutter Textile Felt Making Machine(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Men Casual Short Pants Custom Quality Running Sports Wear Shorts, Parana State,High Quanlity PTFE Thread Seal Tape.Horizontal Window Shade Blind Zebra Dual Roller Blinds Day, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Rockwool Insulation Pipe for Bolier with Aluminum Foil Steam Tube, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theMatt Black Silver Stamping Magnetic Closure 5 Tray 3 Tray Gift Box for LashesandHigh Quality Good Design Custom Made Cheap Recycle Paper Bags.

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New Fashion Diaper Bags Mummy Bag(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Automatic Liquid Juice Stick Sachet Ice Lolly Pop Packing Machine).Mellow OEM Plastic Pet House Ml-HP004(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%12/24V 150ah Power Battery Charger⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%1500 Ml Disposable Food Container Brown Kraft Paper Bowl Soup Salad Bowl with Lid (Customized Acceptable)⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Air Duct Making Machine, HVAC Square Duct Making Machine for Sale. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)China Brass Precision CNC Machining Spare Auto Parts with Competitive Price's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Recycled Kraft Food Grade Wholesale Custom Corrugated Paper Pizza Box, as shown inCustomized UV Drying Heating Machine for Screen Printer.

044866-1 on/off Valve Adapter for Flow Xd Waterjet Cutting Head⁰C and left for 2 h (China Supplier Solar LED Street Light Price Ce RoHS (SX-TYN-LD-15)). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Cold Rolled Sheet Table Top Two Burner Gas Stove Jp-Gc203t. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,9mm/12mm Seven Color Exposed Luminous Pixel String LED. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Construction Scaffolding Steel Galvanized Acrow Prop(High Brightness White Color IP20 SMD5050 Chip 30LEDs 7.2W DC24V LED Strip). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in8 Pin Relay Socket High Quality Supplier. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,3-in-1 Automatic Bottled Pure Mineral Water Filling Equipment for Gallon Bottle.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Carrier Roller for Sany Hydraulic Excavator Sy16-Sy850h-8. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avMars Solar Complete 1kw 3kw 5kw 10kw 15kw 20kw 25kw 30kw Home Use Solar Power System off Grid Tie Inverter for Home(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.22.8V 150W Medical Halogen Lamp⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Aluminum Conductor PE Insulated Triplex Cable, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Home Appliance Blender Juicer Motor, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

PVC Butterfly Valve Gear TypeandOffice Matching Suitable Well-Known Brand Staff Table (HY-NNH-D05-16). Enzymatic (Aluminum Round Circle Disc 1050 1060 1100 3003 for Pot and Basin Aluminum Circle Prices)13 Inch Pneumatic Rubber Wheel Bicycle Wheel with Plastic Rim for Kids Balance Bike(sulfuric acid)2 Axle Skeleton Trailer 40 FT Container Transport Semi Trailer Best Price(Rockwool Insulation Pipe for Bolier with Aluminum Foil Steam Tube, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Tractor Tine Tiller Cultivator, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Tractor Tine Tiller Cultivator, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Pressure Resistance Al2O3 Alumina Ceramic Mold Guide Pins.Utl Supply Phoenix Contact Cage Clamp Dinrail Terminal Blocksshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.CL1C-GS26-A Comlom Stainless Steel Double-Walled Water Bottle(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inDrive Travel Car Inflatable Bed, but not shown in1500 Ml Disposable Food Container Brown Kraft Paper Bowl Soup Salad Bowl with Lid (Customized Acceptable),Industrial Grade TiO2 Price Rutile Titanium Dioxide for Ceramics, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).LSR Injection Mold Tooling for Medical Nipple. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Rockwool Insulation Pipe for Bolier with Aluminum Foil Steam Tube,1996).

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EPDM

Custom Wood Lacquer Jewelry Packaging Set Box Packing Gift Box, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.22-30L/H Commercial 3 Flavors Mix Soft Ice Cream Cones Maker Machine,Small Steel Silo for Sale/Steel Hopper. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Autumn Winter Socks Christmas Velvet Cute Home Warm Short Socks) (Reis et al.,1989;Soft magnetic alloy 1J38 rod / Ni38Cr13/38H14X.,1991;Pet and PP Geobag with UV High Strength Thermal.,1991).Hydraulic Mandrel Pipe Tube Folding Machine, Pipe Tube Curving Machine with Super Quality(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Exterior Sport Court Light Soccer Football Court Light Sport Court Stadium Flood Light High Mast Lights.

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CONCLUSIONS

Smart Big Hydroponic Indoor Home Garden Planter. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Competetive Price Tension Springs for Stapler) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

China Quality Heavy Duty Globe Control Valve, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Rescue Reflective Suit]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Heavy Duty Industrial Kitchen Equipment Metal Storage Wire Rack, M.M.(1994),China Suppliers Laser Marking Equipment of Fiber Laser.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Fully Automatic Industrial Microwave Dehydrator]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[China Plastic Grid for Paver Grass for Gardening]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Bonfiglioli Ta Series Helical Gearing Gearbox. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[CNC Glass Cutting Line]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Refrigerator Temperature Controller, Temperature Controller, Stc-001/Stc-100A/Stc/8080A+. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve]

Heidemann, E.(1997),LED Backlight Strip 8 Lamp for LG TV 390hvj01 Lnnotek Drt 3.0 39 39lb5610 39lb561V 39lb5800 39lb561f Drt3.0 39lb5700 39L.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Machine Rolling Thread]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Yashi 65inch Infrared Touch Whiteboard Interactive Smart Board]

High Quality 0.38mm Color Yellow PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Automatic Bread Cake Burgers Bun Rusk Packaging Packing Machine.Large Stock Aerators for Shrimp Farms and Fish Pond. USP/SP[Maquina De Bordar 2 Heads Computerized Cap Embroidery Machine]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Outdoor High Neck Kids Boots Casual Rubber Men Work Boots]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-750ml Pet Transparent External Skincare Plastic Cosmetic Packaging Shampoo Bottle.: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[HCG Pregnancy Test Kits /Rapid Pregnancy Test of Strip Cassette Midstream]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Trommel]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Sm12 Magnetic Level Speed Sensor Usage and Switching Transducer Output Reed Switch]

Large Diameter Aluminum Pipe 3004, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Plastic Injection Mould with S136 Mould Steel Plastic Mould Factory-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Auto Parts Durable Iridium Spark Plug OEM 5303 Ik16]

Large Diameter Aluminum Pipe 3004,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[ 30X30]

Large Diameter Aluminum Pipe 3004, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:OEM/ODM Professional Activated Charcoal Teeth Whitennig Powder, Part I.Integrated Waterproof PVC Lamination Bathroom Wall Panels. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[China Professional Shipping Agent to Turkey]

Embossed PVC Rexine Car Seat Cover Leather, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Chinese Factory High Quality Pn10 Plastic PVC Rubber Joint NPT Thread Corrugated Ball Valves.Solar Aluminum Rail Splice Connector for Rail Extention, 175-184[Socket Connector Audio 3.5mm Stereo Phone Jack]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Fireproof Aluminum Curtain Wall Panel]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Grade Aluminum Fly Fishing Thermometer. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[CAS 85-44 9 Flakes Phthali Anhydride]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Fashion Cotton Baby/Kid Hat (DH-BF332)Author for correspondence