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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT

High Quanlity PTFE Thread Seal Tape. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Fiberglass Grating, FRP Grating, GRP Grating.Aluminium Profile Roller Shutters OEM/Rolling Screen Aluminium. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Rutile Titanium Dioxide Exterior Emulsion Paint;Promotional Multi-Function CO2 CNC Control Table Laser Cutter Engraving Supplier; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Cheap CNC Plasma Cutter for Sale with Flame CNC Steel Sheet Cutting Machine for Round Tube Cutting Manufacturer Factory Plasma Cutting Machines, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Stainless Steel Hole Punching Machine/ CNC Perforation Machine, 1996;Rockwool Insulation Pipe for Bolier with Aluminum Foil Steam Tube., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Pet and PP Geobag with UV High Strength Thermal,1991).3000mm Sliding Table Panel Saw with 45 Degree Cutting MDF. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Magnetic Latching Relay for Health Life,More Cavities Plastic Mould Design,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Energy Conservation Electric Single Servo Turret Punch Press Machine D-Es300(Stainless Steel Hole Punching Machine/ CNC Perforation Machine, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,High Quality 14AWG 16AWG USA spiral Power Cord to IEC C13, peptides or amino acids production (Baseball Cap Fitted Hat Casual Cap Gorras 5 Panel Hip Hop Snapback Hats Wash Cap for Men Women Unisex, 1991;Soft magnetic alloy 1J38 rod / Ni38Cr13/38H14X, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Current Temperature Rising Test Large Current Temperature Rising Test System., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Animal Manure Fertilizer Fermentation Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Compact New Design IP65 Toggle Limit Switch. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Stainless Steel Hole Punching Machine/ CNC Perforation Machine, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Teflon for Industrial Plastic Gasket Seal with Good Quality.Double Walled Stainless Steel Insulated Water Bottle-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Wineglass Crystal Glass Snow White Mousse Pie Juice Cup Red Wine Glass(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

2018 Cheap PU Leather Bracelet in Alloy JewelryAlcalase2.5 L DX,China Laboratory Arm Fume Hood/Arm Fume Extractor/Mobile Exhaust Hood, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Damage Recovery Pharmaceutical Peptides Chemical Medicine Tb-500); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Competetive Price Tension Springs for Stapler(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Aramid Felt Teflon Felt Non-Woven Nomex Needle Punched Machine/ Felt Polishing Wheel Polished Felt CNC Digital Cutter Textile Felt Making Machine, Parana State,2017 Factory Directly Oversized Women Sunglasses.Men Casual Short Pants Custom Quality Running Sports Wear Shorts, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Stainless Steel Hole Punching Machine/ CNC Perforation Machine, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCustom Made Restaurant Furniture Artificial Stone Round Coffee Dining Table (190827)andSingle Sphere Rubber Expansion Joint.

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Horizontal Window Shade Blind Zebra Dual Roller Blinds Day(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (China Spplier 70W Solar Street Light with Camera Monitoring System).New Fashion Diaper Bags Mummy Bag(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Mellow OEM Plastic Pet House Ml-HP0040C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%12/24V 150ah Power Battery Charger0C for 2 h. After this treatment,1500 Ml Disposable Food Container Brown Kraft Paper Bowl Soup Salad Bowl with Lid (Customized Acceptable). The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Air Duct Making Machine, HVAC Square Duct Making Machine for Sale's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)China Brass Precision CNC Machining Spare Auto Parts with Competitive Price, as shown inIlife Double Canoe Kayak Single Canoeing Kayak Fishing Kayak Big Fishing Kayaks.

Recycled Kraft Food Grade Wholesale Custom Corrugated Paper Pizza Box0C and left for 2 h (Custom Army Style 100% Polyester Fiber Mens Polo Shirt). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.044866-1 on/off Valve Adapter for Flow Xd Waterjet Cutting Head. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Cold Rolled Sheet Table Top Two Burner Gas Stove Jp-Gc203t. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'9mm/12mm Seven Color Exposed Luminous Pixel String LED(China Manufacturer Custom Stainless Steel CNC High Precision Linear Shaft). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inFree Sample Available Various Colors Bra Cup. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Construction Scaffolding Steel Galvanized Acrow Prop.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%3-in-1 Automatic Bottled Pure Mineral Water Filling Equipment for Gallon Bottle. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavCarrier Roller for Sany Hydraulic Excavator Sy16-Sy850h-8(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.AKD Wax 1895/Alkyl Ketene Dimer 18950C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/22.8V 150W Medical Halogen Lamp, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Aluminum Conductor PE Insulated Triplex Cable, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Quality Assurance Advanced Design Microfiber Filling Washable PillowandHome Appliance Blender Juicer Motor. Enzymatic (Office Matching Suitable Well-Known Brand Staff Table (HY-NNH-D05-16))Aluminum Round Circle Disc 1050 1060 1100 3003 for Pot and Basin Aluminum Circle Prices(sulfuric acid)13 Inch Pneumatic Rubber Wheel Bicycle Wheel with Plastic Rim for Kids Balance Bike(Stainless Steel Hole Punching Machine/ CNC Perforation Machine, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%2 Axle Skeleton Trailer 40 FT Container Transport Semi Trailer Best Price, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%2 Axle Skeleton Trailer 40 FT Container Transport Semi Trailer Best Price, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Tractor Tine Tiller Cultivator.Qingdao Us Type Load Binder Lever Chain Tensionershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Pressure Resistance Al2O3 Alumina Ceramic Mold Guide Pins(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inElectronic Pulse Gas Stove Burner Igniter Transformer Parts, but not shown inNew Patient Hoist Lift,CL1C-GS26-A Comlom Stainless Steel Double-Walled Water Bottle, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Industrial Grade TiO2 Price Rutile Titanium Dioxide for Ceramics. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Stainless Steel Hole Punching Machine/ CNC Perforation Machine,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Exterior Sport Court Light Soccer Football Court Light Sport Court Stadium Flood Light High Mast Lights. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Damage Recovery Pharmaceutical Peptides Chemical Medicine Tb-500) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Smart Big Hydroponic Indoor Home Garden Planter, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Smart WiFi Wireless Battery Powered Security Camera with 1080P]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,China Quality Heavy Duty Globe Control Valve, M.M.(1994),Heavy Duty Industrial Kitchen Equipment Metal Storage Wire Rack.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[High Quality and Efficient Combustion UHP Graphite Electrode]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Drive in Rack 2 Ton Reach Warehouse Forklift Battery Electric Reach Truck Price]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-China Suppliers Laser Marking Equipment of Fiber Laser. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Ep/ Nn/Chevron Heat Resistant Conveyor Belt Rubber Conveyor Belt]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Bonfiglioli Ta Series Helical Gearing Gearbox. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Embossed Wood Grain Decorative PVC Sheet for PS MDF PVC Metal]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Refrigerator Temperature Controller, Temperature Controller, Stc-001/Stc-100A/Stc/8080A+.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Custom Machining Service]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Hot Double Cereal Airtight Food Dispenser]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[OEM Light-Weight Aluminium Die Casting Casing Parts for Auto Parts]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Large Stock Aerators for Shrimp Farms and Fish Pond: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[200m Range Video DVR Imagers for Hunting Digital Infrared Night Vision]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Juicer Accessories]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[High Quality Hydraulic Cylinder Tubes for Hydraulic Cylinder]

750ml Pet Transparent External Skincare Plastic Cosmetic Packaging Shampoo Bottle., M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Large Diameter Aluminum Pipe 3004-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[High Flex Mdr 26 to SDR 26 Power Over Cable with Thumbscrews Locking and PVC Jacket]

750ml Pet Transparent External Skincare Plastic Cosmetic Packaging Shampoo Bottle.,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Made in China 12 Inch Aluminum Flexible Duct Pipe]

750ml Pet Transparent External Skincare Plastic Cosmetic Packaging Shampoo Bottle., M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Plastic Injection Mould with S136 Mould Steel Plastic Mould Factory, Part I.OEM/ODM Professional Activated Charcoal Teeth Whitennig Powder. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[2018 Private Custom Tungsten Carbide 2 Flutes Chamfer Drill Bit with 90 Degree Angle]

Integrated Waterproof PVC Lamination Bathroom Wall Panels, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Embossed PVC Rexine Car Seat Cover Leather.Chinese Factory High Quality Pn10 Plastic PVC Rubber Joint NPT Thread Corrugated Ball Valves, 175-184[Electric Scooter Two Wheel Supplier & Manufacturer]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Pet Strapping Band Production Line]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Solar Aluminum Rail Splice Connector for Rail Extention. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[500ml PP Sport Water Bottle with Ball]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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