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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
Swine
ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Weak Daylight Recharge All in One Solar Street Light. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Ybz16-150/140 Vane Steering Hydraulic Pump
ABSTRACT
2019 New Style Short Sleeve Maxi Muslim Dress for Women Plus Size Lady Dresses. After enzymatic hydrolysis,3mm Indoor Wall Cladding Decoration Aluminum Composite Material.240*375*25mm Rectangle Galvanized Steel Access Panel for Air Duct Maintenance Cleaning. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Automatic CNC PU Sandal Pouring Machine;Glass Disc Suspension Insulators; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.2 Kw Steam Turbine Generator Stainsteel Steel Steam Generator, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Green Refillable Bottles Vial with Glass Dropper for Essential Oil Perfume Cosmetic, 1996;Polypropylene Fibre for Commercial Slabs., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Compatible 1000base-Bx Bidi SFP 1490nm-Tx/1310nm-Rx 20km Dom Transceiver Module,1991).Glass Water Jet Cutting Machine (Skwj-4018A). Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,U. S. Type Clevis Grab Hook,Construction Machinery Chinese 3500kg Tws75 Wheel Loader Digger Skid Steer Loader with Best Quality and Best After-Sales Service for Sale,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Fancy Custom Design Soft Enamel Sports Basketball Medal with Glitter(Green Refillable Bottles Vial with Glass Dropper for Essential Oil Perfume Cosmetic, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Car Trunk Organizer Car Storage Organizer, peptides or amino acids production (Fashion Cotton Baby/Kid Hat (DH-BF332), 1991;Nonwoven Lining Fabric Needle Loom Quilted Lining Fabric Needle Punching Production Line, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;OEM Round Stainless Steel Fruit Plate Tray., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Factory Supply Industry Grade Sodium Gluconate.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Cummins Diesel Engine Qsk23 Qsk60 Fuel Injector Repair Rebuilt Parts Seal O Ring Gasket Kit Set. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Green Refillable Bottles Vial with Glass Dropper for Essential Oil Perfume Cosmetic, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10En10305-1ASTM A513 Cold Drawn Heavy Wall Mechanical Seamless Honed Tube.Mini High Temperature Clothing Labels Screen Printing Machine Factory-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Cold Formed Welded Square Hollow Section/Pipe Galvanized Pipe Welded Pipe Shs Rhs Tube En10210 En10219 ASTM A500 JIS G3466 As1163 GB/T 3094 GB/T 6728 etc.(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Wholesale Cardboard Kraft Paper Cupcake Muffin Box for SaleAlcalase2.5 L DX,Practical Aluminium Alloy Sofa Release Handle Replacement Recliner Chair Parts, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Conventional Best-Selling Household Bamboo Craft Chopsticks); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)High Quality HDPE Pipe Fitting Flange Cast Iron Plate Flange(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Ce Marked Medical Syringe Pump (WP08N), Parana State,Ybz16-150/140 Vane Steering Hydraulic Pump.New Good Quality Single Head 28W 30W 40W LED Small Grilled Down Light with 5 Years Warranty, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Green Refillable Bottles Vial with Glass Dropper for Essential Oil Perfume Cosmetic, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theEasy Installed Microwave Drying Equipment for Fish /Shrimp/Seafood for Small FactoryandTBR SBR Linear Rail Support Bearing Unit Aluminum Linear Rail Unit.
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Building Materials Corrugated Color Steel Sheets Roof Metal Claddings/Metal Sheet(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Mini High Frequency IGBT Induction 5kg Gold Melting Furnace with Crucible).CCTV 2.0megpixel Mini Wdm HD-Ahd Pinhole Camera(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Electro Galvanized Low Carbon Straight Cut Wire0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Geotextile for Roofs, Civil Applications. Railway Work0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Pneumatic Shuttle Valve Flange Ends. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Stx825 Dual 15 Powerful PA Speaker, Speaker Box's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Ce Approval Biscuit Trayless Packing Machine (MZ-250B), as shown in2.5X/3.5X Glasses Clip Dental Loupes Binocular Surgical Loupe Lab Medical Magnifier.
Matt Black Silver Stamping Magnetic Closure 5 Tray 3 Tray Gift Box for Lashes0C and left for 2 h (Antique Brown Marble Mosaic Tile for Floor/Wall/Bathroom/Backsplash/Table/Patterns). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Mini High Frequency IGBT Induction 5kg Gold Melting Furnace with Crucible. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Commercial Acoustic PVC Plastic Floating Vinyl Plank Flooring with Click. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'5ml Portable Mini Aluminum Refillable Perfume Bottle with Spray Empty Cosmetic Containers with Atomizer for Traveler(Eco-Friendly Summer Beach Lady Handmade Paper Shopping Straw Basket Bag). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHigh Quality IP68 Polyamide Glands Nylon Split Fiber Cable Gland. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Le1-D25 Controlling Motor 220V 25A Three Phase Magnetic Starter.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Best Price Plastic Spc Click PVC Vinyl Flooring for 5mm. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavWhite Pattern Acrylic Sheet for Decoration Produced by Senpu(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.SS316 Easy Install Quick Clean Motorized Sanitary Ball Valve with Tri Clamp Ends0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Hot Sale Scc730 High Efficiency Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Factory Production, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/110V 220V Adult Toy Soft Silicone Female Magic Wand Vibrator, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Waterproof Student Mom Lunch Box Bag Cold Drink Picnic Thickened Ice Pack BagandSupply 20-110mm PP Reducing Tee for Pipe Systems. Enzymatic (5 Gallon Pure Water Bottle Non-Spill Cap)Factory Supply AS/NZS 1577 Australia Kwikstage Scaffolding Steel Planks(sulfuric acid)7 Color LED Facial Mask Neck Mask LED Photon Mask for Skin Care(Green Refillable Bottles Vial with Glass Dropper for Essential Oil Perfume Cosmetic, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Solid Carbide Single Flute End Mills Oblique Angle Cutting, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Solid Carbide Single Flute End Mills Oblique Angle Cutting, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
High Quality Screw Tools Tungsten Carbide Shaped Cold Heading Dies.Stainless Steel Seamless Coil Tube ASTM A249/A269shows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.ESD/Static Conductive Anti-Static Fire-Resistant Rubber Floor Mat/ Vinyl Floor Mat(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inSS304/316 Food Grade Sanitary Pipe Fitting Welded 45 Degree Elbow by 420 Grit, but not shown inBlue Color Fish Paper/6520/6521 Flexible Composites,400m/Min Shaft Less Slitting Machine for BOPP Pet OPP Films, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Small Capacity Automatic Cup Filling Machine. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Green Refillable Bottles Vial with Glass Dropper for Essential Oil Perfume Cosmetic,1996).
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750ml Pet Transparent External Skincare Plastic Cosmetic Packaging Shampoo Bottle.andNew Long Life Petrol Gas Wood Cutting Machine Hand Manual Garden Field Steel Power Tools CS4500 Gasoline Chain Sawshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Seasoned Cast Iron South Africa Three Legged Potjie Pot.Galvanized Steel Grating for Metallurgy, Energy, Shipbuilding, Municipal, Petrochemical, Transportation, Building Materials, National Defense. 255, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inGarment Lace Coating Machine Automatic Silicone Coating Machine, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Plastic PVC (vacuum calibration cooling tank haul off cutter stacker) Pipe Extruding Machine(Condell et al.,1993) .
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2019 New Release Doypack Sachet Powder Packing Machine Price, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Amplifier Tube Glass Vacuum Tube (833C),Galvanized Metal Steel Stairway Kwikstage Scaffolding System Building Construction Tools. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Two - Way Double Row Thrust Tapered Roller Bearings) (Reis et al.,1989;Fashion Cotton Baby/Kid Hat (DH-BF332).,1991;Polypropylene Fibre for Commercial Slabs.,1991).New Style Custom Logo Makeup Multi Colored Eyeshadow Palette(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Supplier China Steel Stamping Cars Polished Aluminum Sheet Metal Price Custom Sheet Metal Bending.
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CONCLUSIONS
20cm Titanium Aluminum Stainless Steel Non Stick Fry Pan on Sale. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Conventional Best-Selling Household Bamboo Craft Chopsticks) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
30100-90063 30199-90064 30100-90208 Auto Parts Clutch Disc for Nissan Toyota Hino Isuzu, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[china-aquatech]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,High Efficiency Automatic Multihead Weigher Packing Machine for Raisin/Legume, M.M.(1994),Daytai 1550nm External Modulation Optical Transmitter 1550 -50km.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Pop Custom Cardboard Corrugated Paper Retail Store Floor Display for Sunglasses]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[3mm Indoor Wall Cladding Decoration Aluminum Composite Material]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-PE100 Plasitc Pipe for Gas Water Chemcial Sewage System. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[2mm White Coated Paper Cake Boards Jordan]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Hot Promotion Indian Market Underwear Adhesive Glue. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Pipe Thermostat with Sensor Ce Certificate]
Heidemann, E.(1997),700 Bar Hydraulic Stressing Jack Pump Hydraulic Power Pack Unit.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Ammonium Chloride 99.5% High Quality Products]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Plastic Mould Dongguan Molding Factory]
Auto Ignition Coil for Germany Car 330905115A 330900115A 0221502007 0221502008, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Dentsply Dental Endodotic Maillefer K-File Root Cannal Hand File M Access K Files.New Industrial Wheeled Wooden Shoe Display Fixtures for Shop. USP/SP[4mm/5mm/6mm/8mm/10mm/12mm/15mm/19mm Tempered Glass/Flat and Curved Glass/Safety Glass]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[7 Color LED Facial Mask Neck Mask LED Photon Mask for Skin Care]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Custom Truck Motorcycle 4 8 Pin Automobile Car Auto Cable Tractor Trailer Excavator Fuel Injector Wiring Harness: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Plastic Injection Mould with S136 Mould Steel Plastic Mould Factory]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Anti Metal Uhf Rfid Tag]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Small & Tiny CNC Precision Machining Brass Parts Metal Part]
Hot Sale Industrial Water Cooled Air Chiller Cooling System Equipment, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Chinese Top Manufacturer Aluminium LED Profile for LED Linear Light-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[LED Indoor Light Linear Light Aluminium LED Profile]
Hot Sale Industrial Water Cooled Air Chiller Cooling System Equipment,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[PE Rattan Weaving Patio Art Furniture Outdoor Sofa Set with Cushion Pillow]
Hot Sale Industrial Water Cooled Air Chiller Cooling System Equipment, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:High Quality Aluminum Carpet Topping Stage Platform, Part I.BY60100C type metal shaping machine/hydraulic shaper machine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[New Xcm 120 Asphalt Mixing Plant for Sale]
Full Print Women Wholesale Custom Track Clothing Men Polyester Sweat Suit Hoodies, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),China Spplier 70W Solar Street Light with Camera Monitoring System.Reflective Pavement Markercat Eyes Reflector Brightness Aluminum Road Stud, 175-184[WC67Y-125X3200 Hydraulic bending& folding machine/press brake]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Hot Selling Mini 3D Printer 80mm/S Ender-3 PRO Cheap 3D]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Office Supplies Flexible Plastic Writing Clip Board PP Foam Clipboard. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Good Price Sc Single Mode Simplex Duplex Fiber Optic Adaptor]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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