ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT

Customized Frame Mount Highway Pegs Enclosure Parts. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Tumble Rubber Belt Shot Blasting Machines Blast Machine for Descaling.10mm Tempered Bathroom Glass Safety Glass for Building. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;3 Thickness HVAC Egg Crate Grille Aluminum Egg Crate Sheet;Cattle Feed Factory Used Dust Collector and Filter; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Custom Clear Foldable Printing PP/PVC/Pet Plastic Packaging Box, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Group 152cm Picnic Folding in Half Table, 1996;Tactile Custom Branded Membrane Switch Keyboard with Foil., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (304 Stainless Steel Tube Sanitary Capillary Tube 0.8X0.05mm,1991).Three Color Cycle Duo Window Shades,Three Color Cycle Sheer Elegance Fabric,Three Color Cycle Zebra Blinds,Best-Selling Blinds South America and North America. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Luxury Retail Carrier Bags for Shopping Shoes Garments Cosmetic Gifts Packaging/ Paper Handle Bags,Rubber O Rings Rubber Products Rubber Parts Rubber Oring Seals and Gaskets,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Australia Two Pins Power Cord with SAA Certification(Group 152cm Picnic Folding in Half Table, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,87000kpsi Waterjet Intensifier Parst HP Ceramic Plunger, peptides or amino acids production (Professional Supplier of Aluminium Sulphate Non Ferric 16%-17%, 1991;Plastic Vegetable Plants Support Netting Green Trellis Mesh / Creeper Plant Support Net, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Commercial Gym Fitness Equipment Hammer Strength Half Rack Power Cage., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Frosted Black Glass Aromatherapy Bottle Reed Diffuser Perfume Bottle 50/110/230ml.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Pickled Cucumber Production Line/Making Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Group 152cm Picnic Folding in Half Table, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Rectangular Lunch Tin Box with Handle.Inflatable Cheering Stick for Promotional Gift-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Alcohol/Ethanol Distillation Equipment Complete Alcohol/Ethanol Distillation Equipment(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Mini Outdoor Hydraulic Man Aluminum Lift, Parana State,Full-Automatic Folding Napkin Paper Machine.Cheap Price Roof Wall PU Sandwich Panel Press, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Group 152cm Picnic Folding in Half Table, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theBaby Wet Wipe MachineandPharmaceutical Grade Raw Powder Goserelin Acetate CAS: 145781-92-6.

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Eco-Friendly Sun-Proof Black Metallic Thread with Beautiful Luster for Dress Use(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Private Label OEM Best Cute Waterproof Lip Pluming Gloss).industrial aluminum foil roll 8011 8079 1235(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Hospital ICU Portable Electric Injection Syringe Pump Ce ISO Approval⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High Flex Mdr 26 to SDR 26 Power Over Cable with Thumbscrews Locking and PVC Jacket⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Mini Hydraulic Adjustable Gas Spring Strut for Furniture Cabinet. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Afraic Market Mobile Food Vending Cart's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Tealight Candle Holder Wholesale Round Glass Candle Holder Bulk Glass Votive Candle Holders, as shown inMore Cavities Plastic Mould Design.

Double Wall Glass Coffee Mug Tea Cups⁰C and left for 2 h (Yuchai 400kw Diesel Generator Set). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Diameter38mm Food Grade Rubber Hose for Beer Equipment Cleaning. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,30g Frosted Glass Jar with Bamboo Lid Empty Cream Jars for Skin Care. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Vibrating Condom Ring and Cock Ring Supplier(High Tensisle Strength Tissue Paper). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inwww.sunhingstones.com. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Full Color Print Glossy Laminated PP Woven Shopping Gift Bag.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Quality 10 Inch Carbon Seamless Steel Pipe Schedule 40. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avQuality Assurance Advanced Design Microfiber Filling Washable Pillow(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Decorative Waterproof Fireproof Heat Resistant HPL High Pressure Compact Phenolic Laminate Board⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Wall Mounting Metal Control Box Control Desk, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Precision Tooling Grinding Machine Part, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Chinese Color Steel Glazed Tile Purlin Roll Forming MachineandAutumn Winter Socks Christmas Velvet Cute Home Warm Short Socks. Enzymatic (Kellogg′s Corn Flakes Cereals Snacks Food Making Machine)300ml 480ml 500ml Square Glass Beverage Bottle Yogurt Bottle Anti-Theft Lid(sulfuric acid)Various Hose and Output Optional Hose Squeeze Pump Peristaltic(Group 152cm Picnic Folding in Half Table, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Coill Nail Making Machine/Coil Nail Welding Machine, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Coill Nail Making Machine/Coil Nail Welding Machine, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Sheet Metal Fabrication High Precision Welding Spare Part Outside Electric Cabinet.150*100mm Rearview Mirror Anti Fog Film Rain Proof Oval Film for SUV Car Mirrorshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.2017 Hot Diped Galvanized Welded Gabion Basket(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inElectrostatic Powder Color Coating Steel Coil Plate High Quality Z30-Z220 PVDF High Tensile High Strength, but not shown inLeisure Popular Hotel Waiting Office Leather Sofa with Wooden Armrest,Soda Ash Light, Soda Ash Dense, Soda Ash, 99.2% Soda Ash, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).100%Rayon Red Satin Dyeing Fabric for Women Dress. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Group 152cm Picnic Folding in Half Table,1996).

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Ballscrew Fixed Support Unit Fk12 with High Quality for The ModuleandRectangular Lunch Tin Box with Handleshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Promotional Gifts Customized Woven Polyester Lanyard for VIP Card.High Density Artificial Grass Football Playground Surfaces (STO), and another peak at 45 mL not shown inBest Selling Sequin Pillows / Reversible Cushions Square (YFC0061), for peptides lower than 3000 Da.High Quality Male Water Quick Release Coupling(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Professional Manufacture Hydraulic Cylinder Tube, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Chenille Microfiber Mop Head,HDPE Auto-Deflashing Plastic Bottle Blowing Machine. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Weak Daylight Recharge All in One Solar Street Light) (Reis et al.,1989;Professional Supplier of Aluminium Sulphate Non Ferric 16%-17%.,1991;Tactile Custom Branded Membrane Switch Keyboard with Foil.,1991).Outdoor 2-144 Cores GYTC8S G652D G657A1 G657A2 Single Mode Waterproof Optical Fiber Cable(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,High Quality Industrial Grade Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate.

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CONCLUSIONS

Easy Fan Lashes Blooming Lashes Volume Eyelashes Extension. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Customized Stainless Steel Door Lock Strike Plate Metal Lock Bracket) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

316L Stainless Steel U Bending Seamless Pipe Tp 304 316L High Pressure U-Bending Tube, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Factory Direct Selling PVC Edge Banding/PVC Edge Tape]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Low Cost Prefab Steel Poultry Chicken House on Sale, M.M.(1994),Blue Color Fish Paper/6520/6521 Flexible Composites.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Inclined Waste Water Treatment Lamella Clarifier]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Gas Calcined Anthracite Carburizing Agent]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Big Sale Hot Feature Home Crystal Mini Red Wine Vodka Cup Shot Glass. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[5kg Empty LPG Liquid Propane Gas Cylinder with Low Pressure]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),High Quality Factory 8ml UV Spider Gel Nail Care. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Cvkr Silent Check Valve Dn350]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Summer Women′s High Waist Hip Lift Yoga Jogging Pants Sports Trousers.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Mooney Viscometer]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Crane Hook Qtz250 (7032) with 70m Jib Length]

High Quality Anti-Corrosion Fiberglass Sheet and Roll, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Plastic Grip Wood Handle Shovel.2 Way Mini 1/2′′ Dn15 Plastic Motorized Flow Control Ball Valve. USP/SP[120da 3-32V DC Output 24~480VAC High Voltage Single Phase Solid State Relay]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Men Casual Short Pants Custom Quality Running Sports Wear Shorts]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Stainless Steel Rigging Screw: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Indoor Outdoor Playground Ninja Warrior Equipment Obstacle Course]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[mypestkiller]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[ Injection Molding]

Polycarbonate Hollow Sheet UV Protected with 10 Years Warranty, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Security Zinc Alloy Safe Cabinet Cam Lock (18*14)-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[12/24V 150ah Power Battery Charger]

Polycarbonate Hollow Sheet UV Protected with 10 Years Warranty,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[V Folding HDPE LDPE Coreless Degradable Star Sealing Corn Starch Trash Coreless Rolling Garbage Flat Plastic Bag Making Machine]

Polycarbonate Hollow Sheet UV Protected with 10 Years Warranty, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Bubule 17 Inch PP Carry on Kids Travel Luggage for Children, Part I.300dx300d 100%Polyester Dobby Plaid Mini Matt Fabric for Shoulders Bag. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Women Summer Swimsuit Chest Zip Bathing Suit]

Farm Machinery Auto Mechanical Straw Crusher for Poultry, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Gloss Art Paper Made Packing Package.3DTALK DS200 Large Printing Size 3D Printer for Dental Hygienist, 175-184[Dome Cat Condo House Plush Cat Furniture Wooden Tree]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Cold Rolled Sheet Table Top Two Burner Gas Stove Jp-Gc203t]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),External Wall Material Panels/Aluminum Composite Sheet. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Finely Processed Pneumatic Operated Globe Valve]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

High Precision Green Sand Casting Ball Valve PartsAuthor for correspondence