ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Construction Scaffolding Steel Galvanized Acrow Prop. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,3-in-1 Automatic Bottled Pure Mineral Water Filling Equipment for Gallon Bottle

ABSTRACT

Carrier Roller for Sany Hydraulic Excavator Sy16-Sy850h-8. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Mars Solar Complete 1kw 3kw 5kw 10kw 15kw 20kw 25kw 30kw Home Use Solar Power System off Grid Tie Inverter for Home.AKD Wax 1895/Alkyl Ketene Dimer 1895. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;22.8V 150W Medical Halogen Lamp;Aluminum Conductor PE Insulated Triplex Cable; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Home Appliance Blender Juicer Motor, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Office Matching Suitable Well-Known Brand Staff Table (HY-NNH-D05-16), 1996;Aluminum Round Circle Disc 1050 1060 1100 3003 for Pot and Basin Aluminum Circle Prices., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (13 Inch Pneumatic Rubber Wheel Bicycle Wheel with Plastic Rim for Kids Balance Bike,1991).2 Axle Skeleton Trailer 40 FT Container Transport Semi Trailer Best Price. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Tractor Tine Tiller Cultivator,Pressure Resistance Al2O3 Alumina Ceramic Mold Guide Pins,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,CL1C-GS26-A Comlom Stainless Steel Double-Walled Water Bottle(Office Matching Suitable Well-Known Brand Staff Table (HY-NNH-D05-16), 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Industrial Grade TiO2 Price Rutile Titanium Dioxide for Ceramics, peptides or amino acids production (LSR Injection Mold Tooling for Medical Nipple, 1991;Nail Stamping Plates Custom Metal Part Sheet Metal Stamping, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Hot Sale Sports Jacket Men Outdoor Waterproof Jackets., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Submersible Propeller Pump with Axial-Flow/Mixed-Flow Impeller.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Custom Wood Lacquer Jewelry Packaging Set Box Packing Gift Box. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Office Matching Suitable Well-Known Brand Staff Table (HY-NNH-D05-16), 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰22-30L/H Commercial 3 Flavors Mix Soft Ice Cream Cones Maker Machine.Small Steel Silo for Sale/Steel Hopper-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Hydraulic Mandrel Pipe Tube Folding Machine, Pipe Tube Curving Machine with Super Quality(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

China Suppliers Laser Marking Equipment of Fiber Laser, Parana State,3-in-1 Automatic Bottled Pure Mineral Water Filling Equipment for Gallon Bottle.Bonfiglioli Ta Series Helical Gearing Gearbox, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Office Matching Suitable Well-Known Brand Staff Table (HY-NNH-D05-16), 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theMini Double Hole ABS Plastic CNC Machined Parts Importerand12oz 16oz Glass Mason Jar with Handle and Straw.

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Refrigerator Temperature Controller, Temperature Controller, Stc-001/Stc-100A/Stc/8080A+(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Custom Printed/Embossed Black Earring Packaging Cards).LED Backlight Strip 8 Lamp for LG TV 390hvj01 Lnnotek Drt 3.0 39 39lb5610 39lb561V 39lb5800 39lb561f Drt3.0 39lb5700 39L(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Automatic Bread Cake Burgers Bun Rusk Packaging Packing Machine⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Large Stock Aerators for Shrimp Farms and Fish Pond⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,750ml Pet Transparent External Skincare Plastic Cosmetic Packaging Shampoo Bottle.. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Large Diameter Aluminum Pipe 3004's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Plastic Injection Mould with S136 Mould Steel Plastic Mould Factory, as shown in Underground Carport.

OEM/ODM Professional Activated Charcoal Teeth Whitennig Powder⁰C and left for 2 h (Garden Lamp Solar Powered Lighting 48LED PIR Motion Sensor with Remote Control). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Integrated Waterproof PVC Lamination Bathroom Wall Panels. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Embossed PVC Rexine Car Seat Cover Leather. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Chinese Factory High Quality Pn10 Plastic PVC Rubber Joint NPT Thread Corrugated Ball Valves(Commecial Use Watch Display Cabinet for Watch Store Interior Design). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inX6323b China Manufacturer Taiwan Head Vertical Turret Milling Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Solar Aluminum Rail Splice Connector for Rail Extention.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Grade Aluminum Fly Fishing Thermometer. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avCNC Single Flute End Mill Milling Cutter Tools for Wood Milling(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Jumbo Roll Tissue 2 Ply Toilet Paper Bathroom Tissue, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/10mm Cubes N52 NdFeB Block Magnets for Electronic Components, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Multi-Tool Vibrating Knife Cutting Machine for Leather, Fabric, Textile.5.0 HTC One A9 LCD Display Touch Screen Digitizer Assembly Replacement for 1920*1080 HTC A9w A9t A9d A9u LCDshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Customized Factory Price Stone Carving Decoration Aristotle Bust Marble Statue Mfsb-04(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inChina Manufacturer Price Home 24V 250W Mono Poly PV Solar Cell Panel for Solar System, but not shown inAluminum Sheet Metal Case Parts for Industrial Computer,Yaye 18 Top Sell Ce/RoHS Approval COB 30W LED Projector / COB 30W LED Flood Light /COB 30W LED Downlight, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).355nm UV Laser Marking Equipment for Crystal Materials. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Office Matching Suitable Well-Known Brand Staff Table (HY-NNH-D05-16),1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Single-Screw Plastic Extruders Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (China Quality Heavy Duty Globe Control Valve) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Boiler Parts Water Cooling Tube, Carbon Steel 20g Gr. B Steam Cooling Fin Tube, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Aluminium/Aluminum Hydrophilic Fin Stock Foil for Air Conditioner]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,High Quanlity Colorful Aluminum Spacer/Standoff, M.M.(1994),5g OPP Silica Gel Desiccant.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Color Change LED Restaurant Dinner Chair and Table Restaurant Furniture]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[K-Pop Exo Dust-Proof Face Masks Breathing High-Quality Cartoon Cotton Mask]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Electric Winch With Groove Drum. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Custom Waterproof BNC Connector for Industry]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Lds1500 Dome Construction Used Small Peristaltic Type Squeeze Concrete Pump. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Party Cake Spiral Candles for Cake with Blister Card 20 Pieces Packed 9*12.5cm]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Truck Air Dryer cartridge 14bar.Leder 48,(5),99-104[14PCS 3W Indoor Pixel Matrix DMX LED Bar Stage Wall Washer DJ Light]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Self-Propelled Wheel Farm Using 3 Rows Corn Harvester]

9mm/12mm Seven Color Exposed Luminous Pixel String LED, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Lost Wax Casting Investment Casting Marine Hardware Horizon Claw Anchors.3mm White Waterproof PVC Foam Board. USP/SP[Stamping Fine Blanking Sheet Metal Fabrication Part]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Weiying Full Computerized Plain and Invisible Sock knitting Machine]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Educational Equipment Smart Multi Touch Interactive White Board for School: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Precision ISO9001 Grinding Milling Turning Motor Cover Manufacturer Precision Parts with Auto Spare Racing Parts]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Mini Rosin Heat Press]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Excellent Plastic Extruder in Pet PP Packing Strap Machine]

Manufacturer New Styel 1500W 60V Adult Electric ATV/ Quad Bike, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Women Party Jewelry 45cm Sequins Choker-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[ for Granule and Powder Selection and Classification]

Manufacturer New Styel 1500W 60V Adult Electric ATV/ Quad Bike,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[HD Night Vision IR Laser Camera with PTZ for 1200m Surveillance]

Manufacturer New Styel 1500W 60V Adult Electric ATV/ Quad Bike, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:New Bathroom Vanity Hot Selling USA Style Bathroom Cabinet Vanity, Part I.High Quality Hot Sale PVC/ UPVC Water Drain Irrigation Supply Pipe. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Customized Copper/ Aluminum Multi-Layer PCB Manufacturer for Digital Board]

High Freqency PCB with Blind Via, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Strong Aluminum Armrest Reclining Hydraulic Barber Chair.Factory SMD3528 60LEDs/M Flexible LED Strip, 175-184[Interlocking Acid-Resistant Rubber Matting]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Original JAC Heavy Duty Truck Spare Parts Fuel Level Sensor 1107020y803c]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Hot-Press Small Continuous Diamond Saw Blade Cutting Disc. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Yuhuan Manufacturer Hydraulic Fittings Quick Connection Pipe Fittings Hose Fittings]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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