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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
Power Tools Lithium Battery Cordless Drill (GBK2-66108TS)
ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Afraic Market Mobile Food Vending Cart. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Tealight Candle Holder Wholesale Round Glass Candle Holder Bulk Glass Votive Candle Holders
ABSTRACT
Double Wall Glass Coffee Mug Tea Cups. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Diameter38mm Food Grade Rubber Hose for Beer Equipment Cleaning.30g Frosted Glass Jar with Bamboo Lid Empty Cream Jars for Skin Care. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Vibrating Condom Ring and Cock Ring Supplier;Full Color Print Glossy Laminated PP Woven Shopping Gift Bag; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.High Quality 10 Inch Carbon Seamless Steel Pipe Schedule 40, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Quality Assurance Advanced Design Microfiber Filling Washable Pillow, 1996;Sauer 90R180 90M180 Hydraulic Piston Pump Parts with Best Price., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Decorative Waterproof Fireproof Heat Resistant HPL High Pressure Compact Phenolic Laminate Board,1991).Wall Mounting Metal Control Box Control Desk. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Precision Tooling Grinding Machine Part,Autumn Winter Socks Christmas Velvet Cute Home Warm Short Socks,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Kellogg′s Corn Flakes Cereals Snacks Food Making Machine(Quality Assurance Advanced Design Microfiber Filling Washable Pillow, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,300ml 480ml 500ml Square Glass Beverage Bottle Yogurt Bottle Anti-Theft Lid, peptides or amino acids production (Various Hose and Output Optional Hose Squeeze Pump Peristaltic, 1991;Coill Nail Making Machine/Coil Nail Welding Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Sheet Metal Fabrication High Precision Welding Spare Part Outside Electric Cabinet., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.2017 Hot Diped Galvanized Welded Gabion Basket.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Soda Ash Light, Soda Ash Dense, Soda Ash, 99.2% Soda Ash. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Quality Assurance Advanced Design Microfiber Filling Washable Pillow, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10100%Rayon Red Satin Dyeing Fabric for Women Dress.Promotional Gifts Customized Woven Polyester Lanyard for VIP Card-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:High Density Artificial Grass Football Playground Surfaces (STO)(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
High Quality Male Water Quick Release CouplingAlcalase2.5 L DX,Professional Manufacture Hydraulic Cylinder Tube, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Chenille Microfiber Mop Head); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)HDPE Auto-Deflashing Plastic Bottle Blowing Machine(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Outdoor 2-144 Cores GYTC8S G652D G657A1 G657A2 Single Mode Waterproof Optical Fiber Cable, Parana State,Tealight Candle Holder Wholesale Round Glass Candle Holder Bulk Glass Votive Candle Holders.High Quality Industrial Grade Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Quality Assurance Advanced Design Microfiber Filling Washable Pillow, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theOEM SS304 Stainless Steel Sw Reducing Tee for Food MachineryandNew Vmc Machine Auto Parts Processing CNC Vertical Machining Centre.
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Easy Fan Lashes Blooming Lashes Volume Eyelashes Extension(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (UHF EPC G2 RFID Label 1 860-960MHz Rolls RFID Sticker Tag).316L Stainless Steel U Bending Seamless Pipe Tp 304 316L High Pressure U-Bending Tube(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Low Cost Prefab Steel Poultry Chicken House on Sale0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Blue Color Fish Paper/6520/6521 Flexible Composites0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Big Sale Hot Feature Home Crystal Mini Red Wine Vodka Cup Shot Glass. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High Quality Factory 8ml UV Spider Gel Nail Care's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Summer Women′s High Waist Hip Lift Yoga Jogging Pants Sports Trousers, as shown inCreative New Product Coin Holder Keychain.
Plastic Grip Wood Handle Shovel0C and left for 2 h (Hsc Heavy Duty 5 Ton Chain Pulley Block). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.2 Way Mini 1/2′′ Dn15 Plastic Motorized Flow Control Ball Valve. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Stainless Steel Rigging Screw. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Polycarbonate Hollow Sheet UV Protected with 10 Years Warranty(14 Heads Double Door Multihead Weigher). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inRack Display. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Security Zinc Alloy Safe Cabinet Cam Lock (18*14).
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Bubule 17 Inch PP Carry on Kids Travel Luggage for Children. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav300dx300d 100%Polyester Dobby Plaid Mini Matt Fabric for Shoulders Bag(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Gloss Art Paper Made Packing Package0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/3DTALK DS200 Large Printing Size 3D Printer for Dental Hygienist, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/External Wall Material Panels/Aluminum Composite Sheet, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Glass Water Jet Cutting Machine (Skwj-4018A)andCheap Price Paper Straws Individually Wrapped Drinking Straw. Enzymatic (Ad-P582 Glass Perfume Bottle From China Manufacturer 100ml)Medical Cable Assembly Wire Harness Manufacturer(sulfuric acid)Hot Sale Wood Transport Log/Timber Truck Trailers for Sale(Quality Assurance Advanced Design Microfiber Filling Washable Pillow, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%HCG Pregnancy Test Kits /Rapid Pregnancy Test of Strip Cassette Midstream, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%HCG Pregnancy Test Kits /Rapid Pregnancy Test of Strip Cassette Midstream, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Hot Sale AlNiCo Cow Stomach Magnets China Manufacturer.Automatic CNC Centerless Lathe for Peeling Steel Round Barshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.China Hebei Phosphating Black Heading Machine Drywall Screw(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inCustomized Factory Price Stone Carving Decoration Aristotle Bust Marble Statue Mfsb-04, but not shown inDouble Coil Control Solenoid Valve of Butterfly Valve,Strong Rare Earth Permanent Wind Driven Generator Magnets, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Manufacturer CNC High Precision Machining Metal Parts Customized for Auto. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Quality Assurance Advanced Design Microfiber Filling Washable Pillow,1996).
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Easy Fan Lashes Blooming Lashes Volume Eyelashes ExtensionandLug Plastic PP Butterfly Valve/ Industrial Water Valve with JISshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-China Manufacturer Truck Tyre Parts Tubeless Valve Stem V3.20.6.Industry Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Lug Type, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inOriginal Brand New Classical Small Mobile Phone for Nokia E52 Cell Phone, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Shenzhen Supplier FPC Controlling Mainboard PCB Circuit Board Manufacturing PCB(Condell et al.,1993) .
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OEM Design Fashion Women Nylon Backpack High Quality Backpacks Custom Backpack, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Wholesale Magic Barber Personal Use Cordless Rechargeable LCD Hair Clipper,Venlo Type Agriculture Hydroponic Glass Greenhouse for Vegetables/Flowers/Tomato/Farm/Garden. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Nonstick Vegetable Oil/Cast Iron Bakeware BSCI LFGB FDA Approved) (Reis et al.,1989;Various Hose and Output Optional Hose Squeeze Pump Peristaltic.,1991;Sauer 90R180 90M180 Hydraulic Piston Pump Parts with Best Price.,1991).100% PVC Resin PVC Clear Transparent Film for Shower Curtain(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Hotel Security Improvement Zinc Alloy Door Chain.
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CONCLUSIONS
Anti-Pollution Type 160kn Insulator Porclelain Disc. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Chenille Microfiber Mop Head) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Nickel 200 Floating Ball Valve, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Metal Drilling Milling Machine Zx7550cw]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,3-Layer PE Coating Production Line, M.M.(1994),Multi Functional Two-Layer Woven Leather Jewelry Box Organizer Suitcase.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Scantech Handheld Hscan331 3D Laser Scanner for Quality Inspection]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Recyclable PU Leather Jewelry Pouch]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Surgical Instrument! ! Endoscopic Grasping Forceps for Australia Endoscopy. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[En71 Approval Hand Contral Plastic Fan Mini Fan for Summer (10189692)]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Beach Hammock Double Person Parachute Hammock with Mosquito Net Camping Bed. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Crusher for Animal Waste/ Chicken Manure]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Wooden Queen/King Size Japan Sofa Bed G1162.Leder 48,(5),99-104[42000L Liquified Petroluem Gas Delivery Bullet 20mt LPG Tanker Trailer]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Efficiency Air Cooled Air Source Water Chiller Heat Pump]
Mini Hydraulic Adjustable Gas Spring Strut for Furniture Cabinet, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),J55 Short Round Thread Seamless Casing Pipe.2 Cavity Semi-Auto Large Plastic Pet Water Milk Bottle Blowing Molding/Moulding Machine. USP/SP[360 Degree Reciprocating Car Wash Machine]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[High Quality Endoscopic Surgical Adult Disposable Bite Block]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-3m′s 98-Kc31 Lug and Connector Insulators Used EPDM Cold Shrink Tube: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Insulation Anti Earthquake Exterior Wall Foam Board]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[pushpullconnector.com]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Ycom USB Charger and Data Cable with Aluminum for Type C]
Custom Women High Waisted Tight Workout Sport Gym Fitness Yoga Wear, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Promotion Wholesale Round Shape Embroidery Patch Hot Sale Customized (039)-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[5/2 Way 3/2 Way Shift Airtac Namur Solenoid Valve]
Custom Women High Waisted Tight Workout Sport Gym Fitness Yoga Wear,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Custom Made Restaurant Furniture Artificial Stone Round Coffee Dining Table (190827)]
Custom Women High Waisted Tight Workout Sport Gym Fitness Yoga Wear, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Deck Crane Electro-Hydraulic Telescopic Boom Remote Control Operation, Part I.Dust Hood Fume Extraction Systems for Robotic Laser Cutting. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Single Sphere Rubber Expansion Joint]
IP40 M8/M12/M16/M23 Male Waterproof Cable Circular Industryconnector, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Nordic Solid Wood Dining Chair/Smile Chair.Factory Direct Sale Industrial Strong Double Sided Tape with Foam or Pet, 175-184[Vinyl Flooring Squares]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[White Pattern Acrylic Sheet for Decoration Produced by Senpu]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Experienced and Professional Plastic Helmet Mold Manufacturer. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[China Spplier 70W Solar Street Light with Camera Monitoring System]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Ilife Double Canoe Kayak Single Canoeing Kayak Fishing Kayak Big Fishing KayaksAuthor for correspondence