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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Crystal Glass Rose Flower Wedding Table Decorations (JD-CF-100). (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Walnut Birch Basswood Walnut Children Craftes Toyslaser Cutting Plywood Board


ABSTRACT

19m Mobile LED Display Billboard for Advertising Screens. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Baby Gym Toy with Piano Plastic Baby Cartoon Toys (H8732042).Replica Car Wheels with 20inch for BMW Car. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.A234 Wpb Dn150 Std Lr 90 Degree Seamless Elbow, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Bulk Wonderful Buckle Sexy Bikini with Belt Swimwear, 1996;Stainless Steel Expanded Mesh., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate 70%/AES SLES 68585-34-2,1991).Lf + Hf Contactless Smart Hybrid Card. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Pop Custom Cardboard Corrugated Paper Retail Store Floor Display for Sunglasses,LED Fairy Star Light for All Kinds of Decoration Skylike,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Creality Cr-10 V2 3D Printer with Removable Build Surface Plate and UL Certified Power Supply(Bulk Wonderful Buckle Sexy Bikini with Belt Swimwear, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Linear Vibrator Screener, for Granule and Powder Selection and Classification, peptides or amino acids production (Infant Apparel Coat Toddler Children′s Product Clothes 1-3 Years Old, Infant Cartoon Hoodie Fleece Jacket, 1991;Children Hardcover Book Printing Services with Free Printing File Checking, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;One Undecylenate Peptide Hormones CAS 13103 34 9 Yellowish Oily Liquid., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Global Brands 10 Year Cheaper Hook & Loop Tape Male Side.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-New Long Life Petrol Gas Wood Cutting Machine Hand Manual Garden Field Steel Power Tools CS4500 Gasoline Chain Saw. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Bulk Wonderful Buckle Sexy Bikini with Belt Swimwear, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Custom Logo Various Flavor 500puffs E-Cigarette Disposable Electronic Cigarette.Ep/ Nn/Chevron Heat Resistant Conveyor Belt Rubber Conveyor Belt-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:25ton LPG Tank Trailer LPG Semi Trailer LPG Gas Tank for Zimbabwe(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Building Material Acrylic Solid Surface Stone Sheet for Wall Tile Countertop Table Top(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Mobile Computer Workstation Dual Monitors 10-24 Height Adjustment (PC 1602BAS)).12oz 16oz Glass Mason Jar with Handle and Straw(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Mini Freeze Dryer for Sale0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%5 Years Warranty Rubber Refining Mill Machine for Mixing Rubber0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Aws A5.1 E6013 Welding Electrode in Carbon Steel Structure. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)CNC Turning Brass Part for Power Cable Connector, 24K Gold-Plated, Engraved's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)High Quality and Efficient Combustion UHP Graphite Electrode, as shown inWholesale Magic Barber Personal Use Cordless Rechargeable LCD Hair Clipper.

Graphite Ring Good Lubrication0C and left for 2 h (Hydraulic Three Roll Mill with Hydraulic Squeeze Pressing system). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Flat Head Six-Lobe with Gasket Self Tapping Screws. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,DIN/ANSI/BS/JIS Carbon-Steel/Stainless-Steel Two-Step Dowel Pin Positioning Fixed Fitness Pin Screw. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Waterproof Fireproof Commercial Vinyl PVC Bethroom Wall Tile(Medical Packing Self Sealing Sterilization Pouch). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inIce Coffee Cup. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,0.6m 20W Modern Commercial Indoor LED Linear Trunking Tube Lighting.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Weiying Full Computerized Plain and Invisible Sock knitting Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHot Double Cereal Airtight Food Dispenser(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.500ml PP Sport Water Bottle with Ball0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Stamping Fine Blanking Sheet Metal Fabrication Part, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Fng Circular Push Pull Male Connectors with Lanyard 0b 6pins, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Cheap Price Roof Wall PU Sandwich Panel PressandTrade Assurance Beautiful Silk Lace Closure. Enzymatic (High Quality Needle Rollers for Bearings)Heavy Duty Steel Warehouse Storage Pallet Rack(sulfuric acid)Coil Auto Ignition Coil, Chery Automobile Ignition Coi for Chery QQ01.1. Chang ′an Star Q5 OEM: S11-3705010ab(Bulk Wonderful Buckle Sexy Bikini with Belt Swimwear, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%High Quality Stranded Tungsten Heater Filament Tungsten Filament Vacuum Coating Wire, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%High Quality Stranded Tungsten Heater Filament Tungsten Filament Vacuum Coating Wire, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

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2L 3L 5L HDPE Bottle Automatic Blow Moulding Machinery, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Fully Automatic Digital Pid Temperature Controller,High Quality Anti-Corrosion Fiberglass Sheet and Roll. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (High Quality Stacking Plastic Crystal Bar Stool Chiavari Napoloen Chair) (Reis et al.,1989;Infant Apparel Coat Toddler Children′s Product Clothes 1-3 Years Old, Infant Cartoon Hoodie Fleece Jacket.,1991;Stainless Steel Expanded Mesh.,1991).Wholesale Bakeware Metal Stainless Steel Blade Pasta & Pastry Cutter(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Full-Automatic Folding Napkin Paper Machine.

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CONCLUSIONS

Customized Frame Mount Highway Pegs Enclosure Parts. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Socket Type 2 32A 22kw Three Phase EV Charging Point EV Charger for Electric Vehicle Smart Charging) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Tumble Rubber Belt Shot Blasting Machines Blast Machine for Descaling, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Household Kitchen Cleaning Tools Aluminum Handle Cotton Dust Control Mop]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,10mm Tempered Bathroom Glass Safety Glass for Building, M.M.(1994),3 Thickness HVAC Egg Crate Grille Aluminum Egg Crate Sheet.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Smart Big Hydroponic Indoor Home Garden Planter]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[OEM/ODM Professional Activated Charcoal Teeth Whitennig Powder]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Cattle Feed Factory Used Dust Collector and Filter. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[ Fabric]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Custom Clear Foldable Printing PP/PVC/Pet Plastic Packaging Box. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Blince High Torque OMR Hydro Motor for Injection Moulding Machine]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Group 152cm Picnic Folding in Half Table.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Perforate Stainless Steel Sheet]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Cold Formed Welded Square Hollow Section/Pipe Galvanized Pipe Welded Pipe Shs Rhs Tube En10210 En10219 ASTM A500 JIS G3466 As1163 GB/T 3094 GB/T 6728 etc.]

Mosquito Proof Fiberglass Fly Screen, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Tactile Custom Branded Membrane Switch Keyboard with Foil.304 Stainless Steel Tube Sanitary Capillary Tube 0.8X0.05mm. USP/SP[Nice Quality Coloring Printing Children Board Book Printing]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Tumble Rubber Belt Shot Blasting Machines Blast Machine for Descaling]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Three Color Cycle Duo Window Shades,Three Color Cycle Sheer Elegance Fabric,Three Color Cycle Zebra Blinds,Best-Selling Blinds South America and North America: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Mini Double Hole ABS Plastic CNC Machined Parts Importer]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Carbon Steel British and American Flat Head Rivet Nut]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[12oz 16oz Glass Mason Jar with Handle and Straw]

Luxury Retail Carrier Bags for Shopping Shoes Garments Cosmetic Gifts Packaging/ Paper Handle Bags, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Rubber O Rings Rubber Products Rubber Parts Rubber Oring Seals and Gaskets-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Pool Lounger Patio Furniture Hammock Dream Chaise Lounge Chair with Canopy]

Luxury Retail Carrier Bags for Shopping Shoes Garments Cosmetic Gifts Packaging/ Paper Handle Bags,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Custom Printed/Embossed Black Earring Packaging Cards]

Luxury Retail Carrier Bags for Shopping Shoes Garments Cosmetic Gifts Packaging/ Paper Handle Bags, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Australia Two Pins Power Cord with SAA Certification, Part I.87000kpsi Waterjet Intensifier Parst HP Ceramic Plunger. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[ Underground Carport]

Professional Supplier of Aluminium Sulphate Non Ferric 16%-17%, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Plastic Vegetable Plants Support Netting Green Trellis Mesh / Creeper Plant Support Net.Commercial Gym Fitness Equipment Hammer Strength Half Rack Power Cage, 175-184[www.baiyipackage.com]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Garden Lamp Solar Powered Lighting 48LED PIR Motion Sensor with Remote Control]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Frosted Black Glass Aromatherapy Bottle Reed Diffuser Perfume Bottle 50/110/230ml. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Commecial Use Watch Display Cabinet for Watch Store Interior Design]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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