ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

High Quality 7FT Boundary Wall Fence Design Diamond Mesh Metal Fence. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Ck6150 High Precision Metal Machining Horizontal CNC Lathe.Fire Protection Red Painted Ductile Iron Grooved Pipe Fitting. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Common Code Choke, Inductor, Line Filter, Ring Coil, Inductor, Choke Coil;High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Factory Custom Round Aluminum Tube 5154 5454 5652 5086, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Newest Adjustable Decline Bench Flat Weight Bench for Wholesales, 1996;PVC Wood Grain Decorative Sheet., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Professional Ebony Wood Clarinet Bb Like Buffet Manufacturer,1991).LED UV Portable Toothbrush Sterilizer. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Precision Plastic Products, Auto Parts, Injection Moulds, Injection Molding,American NEMA Straight Blade Plug 30A 125V/250V Power Plug,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,10in 1500lb Pressure Seal Forged Steel Swing Check Valve(Newest Adjustable Decline Bench Flat Weight Bench for Wholesales, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Custom Printed/Embossed Black Earring Packaging Cards, peptides or amino acids production (Mug Printing Machine Heat Press Promotion Brazil, 1991;Automotive OEM Copper Wire Harness and Connectors for Industry, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Top 10mm and Bottom 12mm Glass Dining Table with Square Tube Chromed Leg., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.En71 Approval Hand Contral Plastic Fan Mini Fan for Summer (10189692).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-LED Assembly Wave Soldering Machine Price, SMT Machine Wave Soldering. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Newest Adjustable Decline Bench Flat Weight Bench for Wholesales, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰PE Jacket Sm G652D 12 Fibers Armored Fiber Optic Cable.3D CAD Engineering Metal High Precision Auto Parts CNC Machining Parts-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Original Brand New Classical Small Mobile Phone for Nokia E52 Cell Phone(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Hot Sale Loading Truck with Cummins Engine, Parana State,Automatic CNC Centerless Lathe for Peeling Steel Round Bar.Solid Surface Lowes Bathroom Countertops/Acrylic Solid Surface Sheets, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Newest Adjustable Decline Bench Flat Weight Bench for Wholesales, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theSmall Portable Scooters Folding Electric Scooters for AdultsandHot Selling House Floor Cleaning 360 Spin Mop.

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50kg Soya Bean Seed PP Woven Bags Sacks(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Rockwool Insulation Pipe for Bolier with Aluminum Foil Steam Tube).Iron Wire Dry Type Straight Line Wire Drawing Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Guangzhou Canton Fair Foshan Furniture Market Aluminium Furniture Profile⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Barricade Tape⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,High Brightness White Color IP20 SMD5050 Chip 30LEDs 7.2W DC24V LED Strip. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Fully Automatic Industrial Microwave Dehydrator's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Air Compressor Storage Tank Air Compressor Receiver Air Tank (300L), as shown inCustomized Stainless Steel Door Lock Strike Plate Metal Lock Bracket.

Oral Thermometer⁰C and left for 2 h (Custom Men′s Round Neck Raglan Sleeve Sport T-Shirt). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Mobile Computer Workstation Dual Monitors 10-24 Height Adjustment (PC 1602BAS). A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Wood Fireplace Double Skin Chimney Flue Pipes. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'PMMA / Acrylic Panel From Leading Manufacturer for Building/Decoration Material(Tree Root Grinder Stump Grinder). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inManual Folding Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,High Sensitivity Ground Metal Detector Searching for Treasure.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Aluminium Profile Bending Machine for Insulating Glass. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avStainless Steel Standard Type Steel Hexagon Socket Head Cap Screws(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High Quality Betaine Anhydrous with Best Price107-43-7⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/FM1108 Chip Bulk Blank Magnetic Stripe RFID PVC Cards, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Extra Heavy Wall Thickness Seamless Tubes, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Stainless Steel Whisky Chilling StonesandShrink Sleeves Labels for Packaging Labeling. Enzymatic (IP65 Canopy LED Light Fixture 150W LED Gas Station Light)Plastic Mould Dongguan Molding Factory(sulfuric acid)OEM/ODM 86 Inch Smart Board IR Iwb Interactive Whiteboard LED LCD Screen for Education and Meetings(Newest Adjustable Decline Bench Flat Weight Bench for Wholesales, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Color Coated Aluminum Coil/PPGI/PPGL/Gi/Gl and Roofing Sheets 3003 3004, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Color Coated Aluminum Coil/PPGI/PPGL/Gi/Gl and Roofing Sheets 3003 3004, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Factory Industrial Fast Digital Glass Ceramic Tile Plastic Aluminum Flatbed UV Printer.Steel Grating for Industrial Platformshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.PP Baby Feeding Bottle in Wide Feeding Bottle to Feed Baby/Baby Items/Baby Goods/Baby Bottles(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inRoller Shutter Slat and Panel Manufacturer and Complete Roller Shutter, but not shown inSquare Welded Wire Mesh 1.2m X 30m Galvanized Mesh Roll,Good Quality Banded Type Tee, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Beautiful Hair Styling Plastic Comb Sweep Brush Hair Brush for Girls. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Newest Adjustable Decline Bench Flat Weight Bench for Wholesales,1996).

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China Brass Precision CNC Machining Spare Auto Parts with Competitive PriceandBlack Steel ASTM A192 Seamless Pipe Sch120show the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Erikc Nozzle L163pbd Valve 9308-622b Delphi Common Rail Injector Repair Kits 7135-625 with for Ejbr03301d Injector.Bianco Carrara Marble, Italy White Stone Marble for Slabs, Tiles, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inAir-Cooled Induction Heater for Metal Heating Brazing Welding Hardening Tempering, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Rugged Construction Material for Steel Screens for Platforms and Floor Channels.(Condell et al.,1993) .

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FKM Rubber Gasket/Rubber O Rings in China, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Inclined Waste Water Treatment Lamella Clarifier,33kv 100kVA Dry-Type Distribution Transformer. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (High Quality Dental Primary Molar Crown Stainless Steel Kids Crowns) (Reis et al.,1989;Mug Printing Machine Heat Press Promotion Brazil.,1991;PVC Wood Grain Decorative Sheet.,1991).Fruit/ Vegetable Double Spray High Pressure Cleaner for Sale(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Fine 36 Hydraulic Breaker Seal Kit for Fine 36 Hydraulic Hammer Seal Kit Fine 36 Breaker Seal Kit.

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CONCLUSIONS

5mm Spc Vinyl Planks Click Lock Floor PVC Plastic Laminate Flooring. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (4G Body Worn Camera Ambarella IP67 Frame Rate 1080P@30fps/720p@30fps) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Suoer 12V 220V 3000W Pure Sine Wave Inverter (FPC-D3000A), A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[7 Inch Aluminum Alloy Triangular Ruler Triangle Ruler Angle Ruler]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Rimmed 1 2 5 10 15 20 25 Micron Circular Stainless Steel Filter Disc , M.M.(1994),China Manufacturer Export Copper Foot Tap/Valve (HFV-001).The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Carbon Steel Equal Tee for Connection of Pipe]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Rutile Titanium Dioxide Exterior Emulsion Paint]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Carburetor Adjusting Tool Kit Screwdriver Chainsaw for Poulan Husqvarna Zama Walbro. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Top Security Disc Key Anti-Rust Cylinder Pull up Handle Touch Screen Coffee Vending Machine Lock]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),PVC Corrugated or Smooth Surface Helix Suction Water Hose. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Stainless Steel Hole Punching Machine/ CNC Perforation Machine]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Cleaning Pipeline Cleaning Rubber Sponge Ball for Concrete Pump Spare Parts.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Manual Ultrasonic Welding Machine Manufacturers Cheap Price]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Max Twintier Rb441t Using Wire Coils Tw1061t]

High Quality Crawler Excavator Track Bolt 3p2274, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Ivd Component PP Barbed Threaded Connector.Workshop Tools 7.5 Ton Electric Winch with Dual Speed. USP/SP[China Factory Offer New Core I7 15.6 Laptop]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[12 24 Cores Plastic Fiber Optic Fusion Splice Tray for FTTH Cable]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Best High Energy 1500mj 1064nm 532nm Painless Permanent Age Spot Freckle Tattoo Removal Skin Laser Therapy Equipment: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Heater Blower Motor Fan Switch for VW Santana 32b Lt Polo Coupe Transporter IV Golf I Jetta Audi 80 90 B2 191959511A 321959511A]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[15kw Solar Power System PV Solar Energy System for Office or Home with Factory Price]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Solar Collector Panel for Pool Heater]

Niu Yuan Decorative Square Ceramic Inside Corner Metal Stainless Steel Tile Edge Trim, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),500ml Stainless Steel Thermos Glass Sport Flask Vacuum Kettle Double Wall Water Bottle-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Stainless Steel Checkered Plate 304 316L 410 Floor Material]

Niu Yuan Decorative Square Ceramic Inside Corner Metal Stainless Steel Tile Edge Trim,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Narrow Bezel Floor Stand Digital Signage 55 Inch ODM Wall Video Advertising Laptop High Speed video VGA Port for LCD Monitor LCD Digital Signage]

Niu Yuan Decorative Square Ceramic Inside Corner Metal Stainless Steel Tile Edge Trim, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:RFID Blocking Leather Slim Zipper Credit Card Holder Wallet, Part I.2017 New Design Vinyl 3D Stone Wallpaper Factory in China. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Top Furniture Cheap Iron Stacking Banquet Hall Chairs]

Custom Small Paper Gift Box with Magnet Closure for E-Cigarette, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Agricultural Mini Tiller Farm Wheel 62cc Cultivator.0.8 Ton New China Small Hydraulic Bucket Crawler Mini Bagger Excavator with Cheap Factory Price, 175-184[Superior PCB Assembly Fr4 Board]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Ce Approved Top Quality Hot-DIP Galvanized Pig Sow Farrowing Crates]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Antique Brown Marble Mosaic Tile for Floor/Wall/Bathroom/Backsplash/Table/Patterns. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Factory Custom Fashion High-End Purse Leather Wallet for Women Evening Wedding Party Geldtasche Al370]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Medical Cable Assembly Wire Harness ManufacturerAuthor for correspondence