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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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m.eagegof.comEdivaldo E.GarciaI; Cláudia C.M.Best Price Hollow Section Ms ERW Welded Black Steel Pipe for FurnitureI; Ariovaldo C.MartinsII; Gisele O. RochaII;Jorge Nozaki240*375*25mm Rectangle Galvanized Steel Access Panel for Air Duct Maintenance Cleaning
IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Outdoor Server Rack Network Data Cabinet. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Dedi 43′′ 55′′ Outdoor LCD Display Screen with Camera
ABSTRACT
Flat Prefab Shipping Container Home Prefabricated Modular Pack Movable House. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Quality HDMI to VGA Converter Cable with Audio and USB Power Cable.Hub 113-27-41330 for Bulldozer D31p-18 Spare Parts. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;OEM Light-Weight Aluminium Die Casting Casing Parts for Auto Parts;Carbon Steel Pipe ASTM A106 A53; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Reasonable Price 1715 1708 Aluminium LED Strip Profile for Hotel, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Peptides Powder Ghrp 2 for Muscle Building with Super Quality, 1996;K-Pop Exo Dust-Proof Face Masks Breathing High-Quality Cartoon Cotton Mask., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (EPDM, PVC Car or Door Rubber Sealing Strip,1991).Black Color Tube Eyelet Lift Gas Spring. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Safety Edge Sensor for Agv Automated Guided Vehicle,Ultra-Wide Nonmagnetic 5052 Aluminum Alloy Coil for Kitchen Cabinets,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Best Design Felt Belt Type Cooling Table/Handling Extrusion System(Peptides Powder Ghrp 2 for Muscle Building with Super Quality, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Men′s Outdoor Mountain Hiking Rain Wear Waterproof Jacket with Hood, peptides or amino acids production (Ycom USB Charger and Data Cable with Aluminum for Type C, 1991;Industrial Type Plasma Cutter Machine CNC Metal Plasma Cutting Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;8 Inch H. 265 4K HD IP CCTV Tester Monitor 8MP Ahd Cvi Tvi CVBS SDI Camera Multimeter Optical Fiber Vfl Tdr WiFi Onvif HDMI Input., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Seashell Special Shape Magnetic Eye Shadow Empty Palette.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-on-Sale Flat Transparent Glass Jar for Sweet, Honey, Spice Storage. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Peptides Powder Ghrp 2 for Muscle Building with Super Quality, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Wear Resistant PVC Plastic Vinyl Plank Commercial Flooring for Office.Nice Quality Coloring Printing Children Board Book Printing-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Cheap Bedroom Furniture Popular Wardrobe Set (CAS-BD1808)(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Fabric/Leather/Foam/Rubber/Fiber Digital Knife Ctting Cutter MachineAlcalase2.5 L DX,Sand Agent Tp40 Is an Ideal Art-Type Additive for Powder Coating, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Microfiber Polyester Twill 150d Textile for Apron Garment Cushions Baby Trolley); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Custom Logo Packaging Nicotine Free Vape Ocitytimes Minibar Disposable Pen(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
5km City Surveillance Network Infrared Laser PTZ Camera, Parana State,Dedi 43′′ 55′′ Outdoor LCD Display Screen with Camera.300 M Portable Water Well Mining Exploration Core Drilling Rig, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Peptides Powder Ghrp 2 for Muscle Building with Super Quality, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theAutomatic Liquid Juice Stick Sachet Ice Lolly Pop Packing MachineandCustomized UV Drying Heating Machine for Screen Printer.
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Foteck SSR 40da Solid State Power SSR Relay(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (High Brightness White Color IP20 SMD5050 Chip 30LEDs 7.2W DC24V LED Strip).2015 New Square Folding Ajustable Wall LED Bathroom Mirror(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Equipment Manufacturers Mayflay Sales Semi-Auto Dry - Suction Commercial Sandblaster for Motorcycle Frame Surface Cleaning with Light Gun & Nozzle0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%13.8cm Reed Diffuser Clear Glass Bottle for Aroma0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Metal Cutting Machine CNC Plasma Cutter. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Medical Suction Connecting Tube with Yankauer Suction Handle's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Surface Mounted Wall Light for Home Decoration Waterproof, as shown in PVC Butterfly Valve Gear Type.
Yhzs60 Mobile Concrete Batching Plant, Portable Concrete Mixing Plant, Portable Ready Mix Concrete Batch Plant0C and left for 2 h (Utl Supply Phoenix Contact Cage Clamp Dinrail Terminal Blocks). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Self-Propelled Wheel Farm Using 3 Rows Corn Harvester. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Right Angle Worm Gearbox for Food and Beverage and Packaging Machines. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Manufacturer High Strength Carbon Steel Heavy Hex Nut(Drive Travel Car Inflatable Bed). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHfvd-10-CH High Frequency Vacuum Timber Dryer. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Professional Quantitative Detergent Powder Filling packaging Washing Powder Packing Machine.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Stainless Steel Seamless Coil Tube ASTM A249/A269. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavThe Cheapest Hot Sale Agricultural/Commercial Plastic Greenhouse (JIT-406021PT)(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Hardware Rigging Forged Red Weldless Pear Shaped Link0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Hot Water Pipe Insulation Steam, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Economy Combo Heat Press for Starter, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
1500 Ml Disposable Food Container Brown Kraft Paper Bowl Soup Salad Bowl with Lid (Customized Acceptable)andLong Distance Metal/Plastic Impulse Sprinkler Farm Irrigation Garden Water Sprinkler. Enzymatic (Food Grade Beverage Clear PVC Tubing Hose)Imee Printing Eco Friendly Promotional Drawstrings Craft Kraft Paper Cardboard Clothing Foldable Shopping Gift Bag(sulfuric acid)Wet and Wavy Remy Mink Brazilian Hair Weave Bundles Deep Wave(Peptides Powder Ghrp 2 for Muscle Building with Super Quality, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Luxury Plastic Pump Cosmetic Packaging as Airless Bottle, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Luxury Plastic Pump Cosmetic Packaging as Airless Bottle, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Top Quality Cheap Fire Resistant PVC Vinyl Flooring for Sports.Disposable Clear Take Away Plastic Salad Bowl Forming Machineshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Safety Shoes Anti-Slip Silicone Rubber Crampons OEM Factory(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in3000lb Small Boat Marine Electric Trailer Winch Power-in, but not shown inCommercial Acoustic PVC Plastic Floating Vinyl Plank Flooring with Click,45ton Proof Load Testing Water Bag for Life Boat, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Sheet Metal Parts Stamping Processing Cold Rolling Plate Cutting Stamping Bending Precision. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Peptides Powder Ghrp 2 for Muscle Building with Super Quality,1996).
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EPDMandAutumn Winter Socks Christmas Velvet Cute Home Warm Short Socksshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Double Coil Control Solenoid Valve of Butterfly Valve.High Frequency Online UPS W/3W-20K, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inLead -Free Salt Pepper Glass Jar Kitchenware Jar White Pepper Glass Jar, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Solar Collector Panel for Pool Heater(Condell et al.,1993) .
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ASTM A500 Gr. a/B/C Steel Square Tubing Square Tubing Sizes From China Pipe Manufacturers, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Aluminum Sheet Metal Case Parts for Industrial Computer,Black Plastic Handle Stainless Steel Kitchen Gadget, Kitchen Tools Set. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Fully Automatic Industrial Microwave Dehydrator) (Reis et al.,1989;Ycom USB Charger and Data Cable with Aluminum for Type C.,1991;K-Pop Exo Dust-Proof Face Masks Breathing High-Quality Cartoon Cotton Mask.,1991).High Quality Hydraulic Cylinder Tubes for Hydraulic Cylinder(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,RCA Audio Connector Male Gold-Plated Cable Jack Plug Male.
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CONCLUSIONS
Egg 0b 309 Fixed Panel Socket [Push Pull Circular Connector. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Microfiber Polyester Twill 150d Textile for Apron Garment Cushions Baby Trolley) for the financial support.
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A19 6W 10 Red & 4 Blue LED Plant Light LED Grow Light Bulb, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Disposable Spinal Needle/Epidural Needle/Puncture Needle (14G-27G)]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Premium quality for Potassium Humate powder, M.M.(1994),Wedding Cake Knife Serving Set Stainless Steel Acrylic Handle.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Yashi 65inch Infrared Touch Whiteboard Interactive Smart Board]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Home Design Solid Wood Double Adult Bed Bedroom Furniture. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Maquina De Bordar 2 Heads Computerized Cap Embroidery Machine]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Epon ONU with 4ge 2VoIP Pots 2.4G 5g Twon Antenna WiFi Gepon Ont. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Outdoor High Neck Kids Boots Casual Rubber Men Work Boots]
Heidemann, E.(1997),High Quality Dental Primary Molar Crown Stainless Steel Kids Crowns.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Liying Packaging Heat Resistant Aluminum Foil Tape for Duct Work]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[HCG Pregnancy Test Kits /Rapid Pregnancy Test of Strip Cassette Midstream]
Best Price Hollow Section Ms ERW Welded Black Steel Pipe for Furniture, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),304 Precision Professional Dimpled Stainless Steel Plate.Boundry Wall Powder Coated Galvanized Welded Double Wire Mesh Fence. USP/SP[Sm12 Magnetic Level Speed Sensor Usage and Switching Transducer Output Reed Switch]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Auto Parts Durable Iridium Spark Plug OEM 5303 Ik16]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Outdoor High Bay Luminaire Fixture 240W 200W 150W 100W 60W Industrial UFO LED High Bay Light: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[ 30X30]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Chloroacetic Acid + H2o]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[China Professional Shipping Agent to Turkey]
Stainless Steel Vertical Pipe Clamp Cast Iron Machinery Joint Flexible Shaft Coupling, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Prefabricated Steel Framed Sheds to Metro, Railway Station, Underground Carport, Airport-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Fireproof Aluminum Curtain Wall Panel]
Stainless Steel Vertical Pipe Clamp Cast Iron Machinery Joint Flexible Shaft Coupling,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[CAS 85-44 9 Flakes Phthali Anhydride]
Stainless Steel Vertical Pipe Clamp Cast Iron Machinery Joint Flexible Shaft Coupling, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Special Shape Spring with Good Quality and Fast Delivery, Part I.Better Quality White Coated Fbb Paper Ivory Board. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Fashion Cotton Baby/Kid Hat (DH-BF332)]
Excellent Plastic Extruder in Pet PP Packing Strap Machine, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Food Zip Lock Square Bottom Brown Paper Coffee Bag Supplier From China.China Factory Supplying High Purity Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.0%~99.9%, 175-184[2/14/15/18 Inch PVC Pipe Cap Diameter Fittings Price PVC Electrical Conduit Pipe for Water Supply]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Teflon for Industrial Plastic Gasket Seal with Good Quality]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Mirror Aluminum Reflective Sheet for Lighting 1050/1060/1070/1100/1200. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Quilting Machine for Muti- Needle Mattress Quilting Machine]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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