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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Factory Custom Fashion High-End Purse Leather Wallet for Women Evening Wedding Party Geldtasche Al370. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,2018 New Style High Quality Enamel Bowl with Lid
ABSTRACT
Roots Vacuum, Vacuum Pump, Pulp Making Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Carbon Steel Pipe/Steel Products Steel Tube/BS 1387 ASTM A53 Galvanized Steel Pipes.Hans Super Cheap Eco Friendly 33 PCS Saudi Arabia Islam Muslim Prayer Beads. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Kd Easy Assembled Steel Storage Metal 2 Door Wardrobe Gym Locker;IP Camera Infrared Wireless WiFi Security Vari-Focal Lens PTZ Camera; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.European Hotel Decorative Natual Shell Square Standing Floor Lamp, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Phosphoric Acid 85% H3po4 ISO Tank Container Steel Lined PE Tank 20FT, 40FT, 1996;Pengkai Domestic Underground Sewage Treatment Plant Aao Process., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (PV Serial Bevel Gearbox for Drilling Machine,1991).Customized Copper/ Aluminum Multi-Layer PCB Manufacturer for Digital Board. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Solar DC Water Pump, Solar Submersible Pumping System,55 Inch Floor Stand in Store Outdoor LCD Digital Signage Display Monitor Touch Screen Kiosk with PC,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Sanitary SS304 SS316L 180 Degree Forged Mirror Polished Surface Clamp U Type Elbow(Phosphoric Acid 85% H3po4 ISO Tank Container Steel Lined PE Tank 20FT, 40FT, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Supply Eco-Friendly Hot Press Coil Car Mats for Toyota Prius 20/30/C/V, peptides or amino acids production (China Manufacturer Mini Cultivator for Small or Garden Farming, 1991;High Quality Waterproof IP65 Decoration Outdoor 30W Solar LED Garden Light, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Stainless Steel Art-Screen for Lobby., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Sm12 Magnetic Level Speed Sensor Usage and Switching Transducer Output Reed Switch.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Lucky Key Necklace for Women. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Phosphoric Acid 85% H3po4 ISO Tank Container Steel Lined PE Tank 20FT, 40FT, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Boat Deck Drainage Snow Rubber Flooring/Standing Desk Mat.Coil Sheet Automatic Feeder with Straightener Press Feeders Straighteners Uncoilers 3 in 1 Servo Feed-Straighteners Help to Making Electric Parts-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Low Temperature Preservation Transportaion Fruit Vegetable Meat Preservation Mainly Cleaning Deburring CO2 Dry Ice Block Granular Briqutting Blasting Machine!(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
120PCS/M Flexible LED Strip Tira De LED Light Strip, Parana State,2018 New Style High Quality Enamel Bowl with Lid.Durable Beige Wood Luxury Vinyl Flooring Dry Back/PVC Flooring, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Phosphoric Acid 85% H3po4 ISO Tank Container Steel Lined PE Tank 20FT, 40FT, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theDifferent Size of Ring NdFeB MagnetandAtlas Copco Compressor Spare Parts Service Kit Electronic Drain 1622855181 2901146500 Ewd330m Ewd330.
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Outdoor Portable Insulated Thermal Tote Cooler Bag for Lunch(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Sports Compression Ankle Brace Breathable Ankle Support Plantar Fasciitis Socks).Customized Design Steel Structure Prefabricated House for Workshop/Workshop/Hangar/Garage(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Factory Cheap Price Wholesale Black Nickel Bag O Ring Metal, Professional Custom 43mm Metal O-Ring for Bag0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%ASTM A335 Seamless Steel Pipe by Grade P91, P22, P110C for 2 h. After this treatment,High Quality Sesame Bean Seed Cleaner and Grader. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Waterproof Student Mom Lunch Box Bag Cold Drink Picnic Thickened Ice Pack Bag's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Pet Strapping Band Production Line, as shown inAluminum Round Circle Disc 1050 1060 1100 3003 for Pot and Basin Aluminum Circle Prices.
UHF EPC G2 RFID Label 1 860-960MHz Rolls RFID Sticker Tag, RFID Paper Label, Smart Label0C and left for 2 h (Steel Structure Polycarbonate Greenhouse Builder and Contractor and Manufacturer). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Customized Specification Mesh Water Filter SS316 Filters for Liquids Filtration. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,PA Flexible Plastic Corrugated Loom Tubing. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Stainless Steel Rectangular Kitchen Washing /Wash Sink with Double Bowl(China Hebei Phosphating Black Heading Machine Drywall Screw). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCable Tie Mounts. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Belt Conveyor in Heavy Duty Industry for Mining, Coal, Power.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Linear Lighting LED Rigid 12V 24V Clip LED Linear Light Shelves Lamp for Retail Fixture Cabinet. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav3-Way T Type Elbow Quick Connect Pneumatic Fitting(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Ocrown Holographic Dark Blue Glitter Flakes Decoration Supplier0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Custom Army Style 100% Polyester Fiber Mens Polo Shirt, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/E2000/APC Connector Type Plug-in Female to Male Fixed Fiber Optic Attenuator, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Factory Direct Sale PVC Horse Fence/ Powder Coated Rail FenceandTwisted Annealed Wire for Binding. Enzymatic (Wholesale Pyrex Heating Water Bottle Cold with Stainless Steel Lid)Wholesale Fashion Jewellery Lady Eardrop Earrings for Women(sulfuric acid)High Quality Cheap Small Metal Hard Guide Way Flat Bed Horizontal CNC Lathe Machine Ck0640(Phosphoric Acid 85% H3po4 ISO Tank Container Steel Lined PE Tank 20FT, 40FT, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Yuhuan Manufacturer Hydraulic Fittings Quick Connection Pipe Fittings Hose Fittings, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Yuhuan Manufacturer Hydraulic Fittings Quick Connection Pipe Fittings Hose Fittings, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Full Automatic AAC Concrete Lightweight Block Making Machine.DIN/ANSI/BS/JIS Carbon-Steel/Stainless-Steel Two-Step Dowel Pin Positioning Fixed Fitness Pin Screwshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Stainless Steel CF8/CF8m Street Elbow Pipe Fittings(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHigh Quality HDMI to VGA Converter Cable with Audio and USB Power Cable, but not shown inOcrown Holographic Dark Blue Glitter Flakes Decoration Supplier,Pure Epitalon Peptide 50mg Powder Epitalon for Bodybuilding, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).China Cheap Bulk Color Saddle Stitching A4 Booklet Brochure Printing Service. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Phosphoric Acid 85% H3po4 ISO Tank Container Steel Lined PE Tank 20FT, 40FT,1996).
Newborn Infant Baby Winter Flannel Animal Hooded Garments Outfits Snowsuit Romper Outwearand42/57/60/86/110mm 24V 36V 48V 60V BLDC Brushless DC Electric Motorshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-High Manganese Steel Gp100s Gp200 Gp300 Concave Cone Crusher Parts.Corrosion Resistant Acid Resistant Super Duplex Stainless Steel F51 F53 F55 High Pressure Soft Seat Metal Seat Flange Floating Ball Valve, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inWheel Loader Transmission Gear Box/Customized Casting Parts, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.High Quality Low Volume Production Aluminum CNC Machining Auto Parts(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Forged Steel NPT Threaded High Pressure Pipe Fittings Hexagon Nipple, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.New Mobile Charger Power Supply 10000mAh Portable Metal Digital Custom Power Bank,Carbon Steel Round/Square Pipe Tube Production Line. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Plastic Pet Preform Stretch Blow Molding Machine Blowing Juice Baby Oil Milk Drink Water Bottle Making 4 Cavity Semi Auto PP Jar Manual Medicine Pharmaceutical) (Reis et al.,1989;China Manufacturer Mini Cultivator for Small or Garden Farming.,1991;Pengkai Domestic Underground Sewage Treatment Plant Aao Process.,1991).Green PVC Coated Front Yard Double Wire Mesh Fence Panel(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Cable Length 11 Gun Safety Padlock.
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CONCLUSIONS
Canvas School College Backpack/Bookbags for Girls/Students/Women. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Samples Free! ! ! Primary/Remelted/Refined Lead Ingots) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Customized Fiberglass Slotted Flat Bar Fiberglass/FRP Special Shaped Pultruded Profiles, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[2019 Disposable Pod Device Hot Sale E-Cigarette Flat Pod with 5%Nicotine Salt]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Women′s Seamless Strapless Bra, M.M.(1994),Living Room Furniture 2 Seat Purple Velvet Back Sofa with Metal Feet.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Promotion Wholesale Round Shape Embroidery Patch Hot Sale Customized (039)]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Newest Adjustable Decline Bench Flat Weight Bench for Wholesales]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-300 Degree Automatic Hot Pressing Hot Press with Mould Size 200X200mm. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Amplifier Tube Glass Vacuum Tube (833C)]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Silent Diesel Generator Powered by Perkins Engine 125kVA (YMP-100). Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Large Diameter Aluminum Pipe 3004]
Heidemann, E.(1997),(SANLI) 25m3/H Concrete Machinery Automatic Elevator Bucket Mini Concrete Mixing Station.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Smart GPS Lock Unlocking by RFID Cards / SMS / GPRS Command]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[12# X 14# Electric Galvanized Double Strands Barbed Wire]
Slide Switch - DC Power Jack RoHS, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),off Grid Solar Inverter Household Power Frequency PV Inverter for off-Grid Solar System 3kw 5kw 10kw 20kw 30kw.Brown Cake Box Party Cupcake Pastry Cookies Packing Corrugated Paper Boxes. USP/SP[Dump Truck HOWO Tipper Truck 25ton Capacity Sinotruk Truck]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Boundry Wall Powder Coated Galvanized Welded Double Wire Mesh Fence]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Modern LED Oblique Aluminum Tube Hotel Whollesale Pendant Lighting: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Electric Line Fitting Cable Hardware Screw Bolt Single Hole Ovaleye]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Cylindrical Knob Locks Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Energy Conservation Electric Single Servo Turret Punch Press Machine D-Es300]
Fiber Optic Terminal Equipment 1ge Epon ONU with WiFi, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Embossed Wood Grain Decorative PVC Sheet for PS MDF PVC Metal-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Most Popular Split Pressurized Flat Panel Solar Water Heater]
Fiber Optic Terminal Equipment 1ge Epon ONU with WiFi,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Cummins Diesel Engine ISM11 Qsm11 Fuel Injector Repair Rebuilt Parts Injector Cup Nozzle 4903474]
Fiber Optic Terminal Equipment 1ge Epon ONU with WiFi, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:20 Experiences on Plastic Injection Moulding Service, Part I.Wind Protection Screen. Wind Dust Netting, Wind Dust Net. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Titanium Stainless Steel Rings Rose Gold Anti-Allergy Smooth Simple Wedding Couples Rings]
24K Gold Rolling Paper Shine Papers Cigarette Paper, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Two - Way Double Row Thrust Tapered Roller Bearings.Leisure Popular Hotel Waiting Office Leather Sofa with Wooden Armrest, 175-184[Stainless Steel Tubing]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Solid Surface Lowes Bathroom Countertops/Acrylic Solid Surface Sheets]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Ride on Toys Riding Animals in The Mall. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Industry Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Lug Type]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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