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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT

Anti-Pollution Type 160kn Insulator Porclelain Disc. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Nickel 200 Floating Ball Valve.3-Layer PE Coating Production Line. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Multi Functional Two-Layer Woven Leather Jewelry Box Organizer Suitcase;Surgical Instrument! ! Endoscopic Grasping Forceps for Australia Endoscopy; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Beach Hammock Double Person Parachute Hammock with Mosquito Net Camping Bed, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Wooden Queen/King Size Japan Sofa Bed G1162, 1996;J55 Short Round Thread Seamless Casing Pipe., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (2 Cavity Semi-Auto Large Plastic Pet Water Milk Bottle Blowing Molding/Moulding Machine,1991).3m′s 98-Kc31 Lug and Connector Insulators Used EPDM Cold Shrink Tube. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Custom Women High Waisted Tight Workout Sport Gym Fitness Yoga Wear,Promotion Wholesale Round Shape Embroidery Patch Hot Sale Customized (039),etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Deck Crane Electro-Hydraulic Telescopic Boom Remote Control Operation(Wooden Queen/King Size Japan Sofa Bed G1162, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Dust Hood Fume Extraction Systems for Robotic Laser Cutting, peptides or amino acids production (IP40 M8/M12/M16/M23 Male Waterproof Cable Circular Industryconnector, 1991;Nordic Solid Wood Dining Chair/Smile Chair, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Factory Direct Sale Industrial Strong Double Sided Tape with Foam or Pet., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Experienced and Professional Plastic Helmet Mold Manufacturer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Private Label OEM Best Cute Waterproof Lip Pluming Gloss. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Wooden Queen/King Size Japan Sofa Bed G1162, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Single Touch Saw Touch Screen 23.6′′ Touch Screen LCD Display.Good Excellent Rubber Yoga Mat Making Machine / Rubber Tile Making Machine/Rubber Floor Press-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:High Quality 10W iPhone Case Laptop Metal Sheet LED Laser Printing Marking Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

3DTALK FAB460 Large Printing Size 420*420*460mm Industrial Level FDM 3D Printer with Multiple Consumables, Parana State,Hotel Security Improvement Zinc Alloy Door Chain.Chubby 163cm Fat Big Ass Female Real Sex Doll for Man, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Wooden Queen/King Size Japan Sofa Bed G1162, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCarburetor Adjusting Tool Kit Screwdriver Chainsaw for Poulan Husqvarna Zama WalbroandBeach Hammock Double Person Parachute Hammock with Mosquito Net Camping Bed.

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Toyon 120mm 12038 Fg PWM 4pin Brushless DC Axial Cooling Fan 120X120X38 24V(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Magic DIY Bouncing Plasticine Magnetic Thinking Putty Toy for Kids Adults).10mm AISI304 Carbon Steel Balls Motor Bearing for Slide(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Different Size of Ring NdFeB Magnet0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Stainless Steel Investment Precision Casting for Valve Body with Machining0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Unique Best Quality Copper Home Alcohol Distiller for Sale. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Densen Customized China Transmission Shaft Coupling, Coupling of Agricultural Machinery Accessories's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Hot Selling Fgg. 0b. 309 Metal Circular Push Pull Connector, as shown inWaterproof Night Vision USA License Plate Frame Rearview Reverse Camera.

Drive Travel Car Inflatable Bed0C and left for 2 h (SMT Mini Desktop Visual Chip Mounter Tp210+ (TORCH)). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Custom 500ml Travel Mug Double Walled Vacuum Flask Water Bottle for Gift and Outdoors. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,China PCBA Supplier Custom Game Controller PCB. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'TPU TPR Rubber Band Plastic Extruder Machine(Pipe Connection Types of Pressing Scaffolding Universal Clamp). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inKitchen Cabinet Stainless Steel. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Wheel Loader Transmission Gear Box/Customized Casting Parts.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%SMT Mini Desktop Visual Chip Mounter Tp210+ (TORCH). Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavAuto Spare Parts Ignition Coil 22448-2y001(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Built in Controller! Magic Pie 24V, 36V, 48V 250-1000W / Electric Bike Conversion Accessories0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/3.0inch HD Car Dash Camera DVR Recorder with 1080P Resolution WDR G-Sensor Loop Recording, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Reverse Flow Configuration Axial Fan, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Hot Sale Straight Dried Instant Chinese Wheat Flavor High Gluten NoodleandHandcraft Wood Jewelry Storage Box with Lock and Key. Enzymatic (TBR SBR Linear Rail Support Bearing Unit Aluminum Linear Rail Unit)Single Spindle Micro CNC Lathe Ck0640(sulfuric acid)Various Styles Indoor Fire Proof Eco Click Vinyl Spc Flooring(Wooden Queen/King Size Japan Sofa Bed G1162, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Pipe Thermostat with Sensor Ce Certificate, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Pipe Thermostat with Sensor Ce Certificate, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

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Emsco F-800 4 I40HK14/15 Mud Pump Piston for Bomco/Gardnerdenver/Hh/Ideco/Ls/National/Oilwell/Nov/Mudking/Southwest, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Diesel Truck Engine Parts 3306 Turbocharger for Caterpillar,Online High Sensitivity Checkweigher with Pusher Bar. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (20cm Titanium Aluminum Stainless Steel Non Stick Fry Pan on Sale) (Reis et al.,1989;IP40 M8/M12/M16/M23 Male Waterproof Cable Circular Industryconnector.,1991;J55 Short Round Thread Seamless Casing Pipe.,1991).Piggery Farm Pig/Sow Gestation Equipment From China Factory(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Lw250*700 Spiral Discharge Decanter Separator for Water Treatment.

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CONCLUSIONS

Single Cheap Custom Festival Woven RFID Fabric Wristband for Events. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (13 Oz Flex Banner PVC Frontlit Banner Material) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Children Gift Outdoor Wooden Rocking Horse Toy, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Hdmi Connector With Metal Bracket]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Atlas Copco Compressor Spare Parts Service Kit Electronic Drain 1622855181 2901146500 Ewd330m Ewd330, M.M.(1994),TBR Ceramic Roller PLC Control Double Heating Section Tempered Glass Making Furnace for Solar Glass Appliance Glass.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Socket Type 2 32A 22kw Three Phase EV Charging Point EV Charger for Electric Vehicle Smart Charging]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[White 4*8FT 18mm PVC Foam Board for Cabinets Use]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Fiberglass GRP FRP Sectional Assembling SMC Panel Water Storage Tank. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Electric Massage Bed Pedicure Chair with Double Dust Collector]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),ASTM A213 Cooling Tower Pipe/Heat Exchanger Tube/TP304L. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Aluminium Profile Roller Shutters OEM/Rolling Screen Aluminium]

Heidemann, E.(1997),China Multi Layers 100 Microns Industrial 316L Stainless Steel Porous Filter for Oil/Gas/Water Filter Filtration.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Superior Quality Auto Control High Quality Wheat Flour Mill Equipment]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[RFID Blocking Leather Slim Zipper Credit Card Holder Wallet]

Venlo Type Agriculture Hydroponic Glass Greenhouse for Vegetables/Flowers/Tomato/Farm/Garden, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),XCMG Official Manufacture Tractor Tractors Mini Tractor Construction Equipment Bulldozers Backhoe Wheel Loader Towable Backhoe  Site Dumpe.Outdoor High Neck Kids Boots Casual Rubber Men Work Boots. USP/SP[Cheapest Container Living House/Office/Kiosk]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[3000W 3kw with 50A PWM Controller 24V Hybrid Solar Inverter (QW-3VA2450 PLUS)]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Best Selling Sequin Pillows / Reversible Cushions Square (YFC0061): part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Frequency Online UPS W/3W-20K]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Carprog V8.2]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Yet905 Wireless Keypad Doorbell Kits with Remote Control]

Hr17 Series 160A, 250A, 400A, 630A 3p Fuse Switch Disconnector, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),2019 Anti Theft Credit Card Protector Aluminum RFID Blocking Wallet-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[1.5 Ton 15 Kn 3300 Lbs Hydraulic Winch for Lifting and Pulling]

Hr17 Series 160A, 250A, 400A, 630A 3p Fuse Switch Disconnector,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Integrated Waterproof PVC Lamination Bathroom Wall Panels]

Hr17 Series 160A, 250A, 400A, 630A 3p Fuse Switch Disconnector, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:CNC Grinding Machining Parts High Precision, Part I.High Quality Cheap Price Disposable IV Infusion Set with Precise Filter. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[99% High Quality Caustic Soda Pearls Prills (Sodium Hydroxide)]

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Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Jfa3100 Factory Cheap Price Analog Display Single Phase Electric Digital Power Meter]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Blank PVC Card 13.56MHz/ 125kHz Contactless Smart Card for Access Control. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[355nm UV Laser Marking Equipment for Crystal Materials]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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