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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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ABSTRACT

Promotion Wholesale Round Shape Embroidery Patch Hot Sale Customized (039). After enzymatic hydrolysis,Deck Crane Electro-Hydraulic Telescopic Boom Remote Control Operation.Dust Hood Fume Extraction Systems for Robotic Laser Cutting. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;IP40 M8/M12/M16/M23 Male Waterproof Cable Circular Industryconnector;Nordic Solid Wood Dining Chair/Smile Chair; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Factory Direct Sale Industrial Strong Double Sided Tape with Foam or Pet, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Experienced and Professional Plastic Helmet Mold Manufacturer, 1996;Private Label OEM Best Cute Waterproof Lip Pluming Gloss., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Single Touch Saw Touch Screen 23.6′′ Touch Screen LCD Display,1991).Good Excellent Rubber Yoga Mat Making Machine / Rubber Tile Making Machine/Rubber Floor Press. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,High Quality 10W iPhone Case Laptop Metal Sheet LED Laser Printing Marking Machine,IN-505 Cheap ABS Plastic Medical Filing Drawers Bedside Cabinet,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Tent Windows Use China Made PVC Transparent Clear Mesh Tarp(Experienced and Professional Plastic Helmet Mold Manufacturer, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,13 Oz Flex Banner PVC Frontlit Banner Material, peptides or amino acids production (Custom Black Zipper Puller with Metal Slider, Design Engraved Logo Zipper Puller, 1991;3DTALK FAB460 Large Printing Size 420*420*460mm Industrial Level FDM 3D Printer with Multiple Consumables, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Chubby 163cm Fat Big Ass Female Real Sex Doll for Man., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Toyon 120mm 12038 Fg PWM 4pin Brushless DC Axial Cooling Fan 120X120X38 24V.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-10mm AISI304 Carbon Steel Balls Motor Bearing for Slide. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Experienced and Professional Plastic Helmet Mold Manufacturer, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Different Size of Ring NdFeB Magnet.Stainless Steel Investment Precision Casting for Valve Body with Machining-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Unique Best Quality Copper Home Alcohol Distiller for Sale(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

China PCBA Supplier Custom Game Controller PCB, Parana State,Custom Women High Waisted Tight Workout Sport Gym Fitness Yoga Wear.TPU TPR Rubber Band Plastic Extruder Machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Experienced and Professional Plastic Helmet Mold Manufacturer, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theSingle Cheap Custom Festival Woven RFID Fabric Wristband for EventsandBulk Wonderful Buckle Sexy Bikini with Belt Swimwear.

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Wheel Loader Transmission Gear Box/Customized Casting Parts(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Air Duct Making Machine).SMT Mini Desktop Visual Chip Mounter Tp210+ (TORCH)(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Auto Spare Parts Ignition Coil 22448-2y0010C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%3D Good Quality Laser Engraving Machine for Souvenirs Shop0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Built in Controller! Magic Pie 24V, 36V, 48V 250-1000W / Electric Bike Conversion Accessories. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)3.0inch HD Car Dash Camera DVR Recorder with 1080P Resolution WDR G-Sensor Loop Recording's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Reverse Flow Configuration Axial Fan, as shown in64mm Double Braid UHMWPE Tugboat Mooring Rope.

Handcraft Wood Jewelry Storage Box with Lock and Key0C and left for 2 h (Alcohol/Ethanol Distillation Equipment Complete Alcohol/Ethanol Distillation Equipment). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.TBR SBR Linear Rail Support Bearing Unit Aluminum Linear Rail Unit. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Single Spindle Micro CNC Lathe Ck0640. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Various Styles Indoor Fire Proof Eco Click Vinyl Spc Flooring(Workshop Tools 7.5 Ton Electric Winch with Dual Speed). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inPremade Zipper Pouch Coffee Powder Packing Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Pipe Thermostat with Sensor Ce Certificate.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Quality Frosted Flakes Plant/Gluten Free Bulk Breakfast Cereal Corn Flakes Production Line. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavCe Wood Grain 0.2mm~0.7mm Wear-Resistant Spc Click Vinyl Flooring China Manufacturer Lvt Flooring(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Breathable Surgical Paper Tape/ Micropore Medical Tape0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Fashion Wool Felt Lady Cloche Wide Brim Floppy Hat with Felt Bow, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Crane Hook Qtz250 (7032) with 70m Jib Length, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Jumbo Roll Tissue 2 Ply Toilet Paper Bathroom TissueandChina Manufacturer Price Home 24V 250W Mono Poly PV Solar Cell Panel for Solar System. Enzymatic (Emsco F-800 4 I40HK14/15 Mud Pump Piston for Bomco/Gardnerdenver/Hh/Ideco/Ls/National/Oilwell/Nov/Mudking/Southwest)Diesel Truck Engine Parts 3306 Turbocharger for Caterpillar(sulfuric acid)Online High Sensitivity Checkweigher with Pusher Bar(Experienced and Professional Plastic Helmet Mold Manufacturer, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Piggery Farm Pig/Sow Gestation Equipment From China Factory, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Piggery Farm Pig/Sow Gestation Equipment From China Factory, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Lw250*700 Spiral Discharge Decanter Separator for Water Treatment.Prepainted Corrugated Gi Color Roofing Sheets/Sheet Metal /Iron Sheet Tilesshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Single Cheap Custom Festival Woven RFID Fabric Wristband for Events(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inTent Windows Use China Made PVC Transparent Clear Mesh Tarp, but not shown inAbrasive 6 Sanding Disc for Automotive Industry,Children Gift Outdoor Wooden Rocking Horse Toy, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Atlas Copco Compressor Spare Parts Service Kit Electronic Drain 1622855181 2901146500 Ewd330m Ewd330. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Experienced and Professional Plastic Helmet Mold Manufacturer,1996).

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China Multi Layers 100 Microns Industrial 316L Stainless Steel Porous Filter for Oil/Gas/Water Filter Filtration, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.XCMG Official Manufacture Tractor Tractors Mini Tractor Construction Equipment Bulldozers Backhoe Wheel Loader Towable Backhoe  Site Dumpe,Outdoor High Neck Kids Boots Casual Rubber Men Work Boots. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Raw Material Adhesive NBR Latex of Latex Long Gloves) (Reis et al.,1989;Custom Black Zipper Puller with Metal Slider, Design Engraved Logo Zipper Puller.,1991;Private Label OEM Best Cute Waterproof Lip Pluming Gloss.,1991).Best Selling Sequin Pillows / Reversible Cushions Square (YFC0061)(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Hr17 Series 160A, 250A, 400A, 630A 3p Fuse Switch Disconnector.

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CONCLUSIONS

2019 Anti Theft Credit Card Protector Aluminum RFID Blocking Wallet. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Drive Travel Car Inflatable Bed) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

CNC Grinding Machining Parts High Precision, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Washami New and Popular Eye Cosmetic Kajal]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,High Quality Cheap Price Disposable IV Infusion Set with Precise Filter, M.M.(1994),Clear Drug Packaging Custom Printed Recloseable Medicine Plastic Bag.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[HDPE Auto-Deflashing Plastic Bottle Blowing Machine]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[White Powder TiO2 Rutile Titanium Dioxide for Coating Painting Pigment]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-GB11638 10L 40L C2h2 Low Pressure Acetylene Cylinder with Valve. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Small Steel Silo for Sale/Steel Hopper]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Disposable Clear Take Away Plastic Salad Bowl Forming Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[for Bahrain Market Hot Cafe Vending Machine F303V]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Blank PVC Card 13.56MHz/ 125kHz Contactless Smart Card for Access Control.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Precision Injection Molding Companies Custom Design Plastic Parts]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[TPU TPR Rubber Band Plastic Extruder Machine]

2 Cavity Semi-Auto Large Plastic Pet Water Milk Bottle Blowing Molding/Moulding Machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Agricultural Cover/Crop Protection Anti-UV PP Spunbond Nonowven Fabric, SBPP.Eco-Friendly Acoustic Panel PU Sponge for Sound Absorbing Noise Sponge. USP/SP[High Quality Warm Paste Packaging Machine]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[2000LTR Horizontal Foam Tank Fire Fighting Suppression]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Carbon Stee Semless Pipe (ASTM A106 Gr B): part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Upper Limbs Machine/Spare Parts for Fitness Equipment]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Plastic Injection Electronic Mould Plastic Part Mold Component]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Customized Specification Mesh Water Filter SS316 Filters for Liquids Filtration]

OEM Wld8200 Infrared Lamp Spray Paint Booth China Supplier for Sale, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Yutong Bus Parts Ceiling Diffuser Vent Air Louver Vent Air Diffuser Vent Air Diffuser Ceiling Vent Slot Diffuser Vent-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[ 13947]

OEM Wld8200 Infrared Lamp Spray Paint Booth China Supplier for Sale,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[External Wall Material Panels/Aluminum Composite Sheet]

OEM Wld8200 Infrared Lamp Spray Paint Booth China Supplier for Sale, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Hot Selling House Floor Cleaning 360 Spin Mop, Part I.Srfloor Plastic Flooring Interlock Suspended Outdoor PP Tiles. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Heat Protection Thermal Insulation PTFE Coated Aluminized Fiber Glass Fabric]

Advanced Unlocking Tool for Locksmith, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High Precision ISO9001 Grinding Milling Turning Motor Cover Manufacturer Precision Parts with Auto Spare Racing Parts.Fashion Design Sleeveless Fitness Wear, 175-184[A4 Two Pocket Folder Products Made in China]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Wholesale Universal Garden Smart Flower Pot]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),DC Colorful Battery Operated Small Hand Fan for Outdoor Use. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Fashion Design Sleeveless Fitness Wear]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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