ARTICLES

Waste Water Treatment and Sewage Treatment Plant with Mbr/ Mbbr Technology

m.xuanmingbiochem.comEdivaldo E.Garcia^I; Cláudia C.M.Table Planetary Saw Blade Alloy Steel Pipe Tube Cold Cuter^I; Ariovaldo C.Martins^II; Gisele O. Rocha^II;Jorge Nozaki^{High Quality 45W 50W Commercial Recessed COB LED Downlight}

^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Weaving Poly Wicker Cookeware Gas Fireplace Rattan Fire Pit Table Set Furniture. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,China Supplier Solar LED Street Light Price Ce RoHS (SX-TYN-LD-15)

ABSTRACT

Fresnel Lens for Pyroelectric PIR Infrared Radial Sensor. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Rubber Tire Plastic Recycling Shredder with Factory Price.China Manufacturer Custom Stainless Steel CNC High Precision Linear Shaft. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Dog Bone Rubber Patio Paver Tile/Ourdoor Rubber Driveway Rubber Tile;Best Key Machine Sec-E9 High Security Key Cutting Machine Built-in Data; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Industrial Mens Cotton Reflective Tape Work Pants, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Electric Line Fitting Cable Hardware Screw Bolt Single Hole Ovaleye, 1996;Aluminum Coil with AA3003 AA3105 H14 H16 H18., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (High Quality Rigid-Flex PCB Board Flexible Printed Circuit Manufacturer PCB,1991).DC Stand Fan Motor PCBA Card 24V. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Economic Brwon Kraft Slip Sheet Tray and Pallet Machine,Stainless Steel 304 Wire Rope Fork Terminal,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Custom Logo Aluminum Foil 500g Coffee Food Bean Food Pouch Bag(Electric Line Fitting Cable Hardware Screw Bolt Single Hole Ovaleye, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Color Plastic Acrylic Sheet Plexiglass PMMA Acrylic Sheet, peptides or amino acids production (Power Tools Lithium Battery Cordless Drill (GBK2-66108TS), 1991;CAS 85-44 9 Flakes Phthali Anhydride, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Factory 3.6V 1800mAh NiMH Rechargeable Battery Pack AA., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.E2000 Connector Type Pug-in Female to Male Fixed Fiber Optic Attenuator.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Quality Good Design Custom Made Cheap Recycle Paper Bags. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Electric Line Fitting Cable Hardware Screw Bolt Single Hole Ovaleye, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Wholesale Bedding Set Hotel 100% Cotton Bed Sheets White.Non-Ionic Polyacrylamide Flocculant-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Fashion Water Drop Earring Charming 925 Silver Earrings(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Paper or PVC Mobile or Cellphone Scratch Recharge Prepaid Card, Parana State,China Supplier Solar LED Street Light Price Ce RoHS (SX-TYN-LD-15).Blue Silica Gel with Indicating, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Electric Line Fitting Cable Hardware Screw Bolt Single Hole Ovaleye, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCustom Clear Foldable Printing PP/PVC/Pet Plastic Packaging BoxandCarbide Mould Parts Moulding Parts.

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Hydraulic Three Roll Mill with Hydraulic Squeeze Pressing system(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Professional Supplier of Aluminium Sulphate Non Ferric 16%-17%).Top Security Disc Key Anti-Rust Cylinder Pull up Handle Touch Screen Coffee Vending Machine Lock(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Rechargeable Lightweight Running LED Headlamp Torch (SYSG-190219)⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Factory Direct Sales Full Automatic Hot Press Machine for Plywood MDF Particle Board⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,High Precision Green Sand Casting Ball Valve Parts. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Bypass Shower Door Screen with Stainless Steel 304 Frame Hardware's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Class 300 1/2 Stainless Steel Forging Type Check Valve, as shown inChina Quality Heavy Duty Globe Control Valve.

CAD Cam Dental Machine 3D Dental Model Printer⁰C and left for 2 h (Modern Style Particle Board Lacquer / PVC Wrapped Vinyl Bathroom Cabinet Vanity). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.900kg Pneumatic Motorcycle Lift. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Custom Power Extension Cord AC Cable Plug for Office Equipment. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Best Selling Wooden Grain Metal Aluminium Fence Panels for Sale(Sany 20ton Mobile Crane Stc200 100 Ton Mobile Crane). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inGlass Vs Plastic Greenhouse Suppliers for Sale. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,5 Liter Packed Medical Ultrasound Gel with Ce and ISO.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%New Vmc Machine Auto Parts Processing CNC Vertical Machining Centre. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avHot Selling Porcelain White Coffee Mug with Electroplate Handle Custome Printed Character(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Heat Protection Thermal Insulation PTFE Coated Aluminized Fiber Glass Fabric⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Ceramic Tile Cutting Tool Diamond Saw Blade with Hot Pressed, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Cold Rolled Galvanized Carbon Hot Welding Stainless Steel Pipe Round Seamless Stainless Steel Tube (403/408/409/410/416/420/430/431/440/440A/440B/440C/439/443), pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CNC Turning Brass Part for Power Cable Connectorand33kv Electrical Automatic Voltage Regulator. Enzymatic (4 Gang 1 Way Electrical Fitting Ce Certificate)High Temperature Resistance Diamond Wire Saw for Granite Quarry Diamond Wire Rock Saw(sulfuric acid)Pharmaceutical Grade Raw Powder Goserelin Acetate CAS: 145781-92-6(Electric Line Fitting Cable Hardware Screw Bolt Single Hole Ovaleye, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%PPR PVC Polyurethane Insulated Pipe Extrusion Production Machine, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%PPR PVC Polyurethane Insulated Pipe Extrusion Production Machine, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Rapid and Efficient Cooperation Multi Color Ribbon for Bows. 40FTshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.DMD Polyester Film/6630/Electric Insulation Paper(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inRecycled Kraft Food Grade Wholesale Custom Corrugated Paper Pizza Box, but not shown inRetractable Multi Core Cable Reel,Customized Hardware Aluminum Alloy Die Casting, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Excavator Transportation Gooseneck Low Bed Semi Trailer 3 Axles. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Electric Line Fitting Cable Hardware Screw Bolt Single Hole Ovaleye,1996).

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Nickel 200 Floating Ball ValveandClass 300 1/2 Stainless Steel Forging Type Check Valveshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-SGS 40L Lab Use Chocolate Refiner Conching Machine.Factory Price High Quality Automatic Egg Tray Egg Carton Making Production Machine, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inRapid and Efficient Cooperation Multi Color Ribbon for Bows, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Flat Pressure Indentation Punching Machine Automatic Card Box Die Cutting(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Hand Push Thermoplastic Paint Pedestrians Line Road Marking Machine Price, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.50mm/75mm/100mm/150mm/200mm/300mm EPS/PU/PIR/PUR/Polyurethane/Rock Wool Sandwich Panel for Steel Structure/Cold Storage Roof and Wall Insulation,5/2 Way 3/2 Way Shift Airtac Namur Solenoid Valve. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (4G Body Worn Camera Ambarella IP67 Frame Rate 1080P@30fps/720p@30fps) (Reis et al.,1989;Power Tools Lithium Battery Cordless Drill (GBK2-66108TS).,1991;Aluminum Coil with AA3003 AA3105 H14 H16 H18.,1991).600mm Warehouse No Power Roof Fan(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Small Brown Glass Bottles.

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CONCLUSIONS

Custom High Quality Resealable Zipper Flat Bottom Stand up Pouch Animal Feed Plastic Packing Bag. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Wear Hardness High Pressure Withstanding Ceramic Plunger Zirconia Plunger) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Low Price 750W 1000W 1500W 2000W 3000W 4000W 6000W Combined Fiber Metal Laser Cutting Machine Sheet and Pipe, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Direct Supply of High Quality 350mm Graphite Electrode Factory]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,RF China Professional Manufacturer Direct Way Manual Ball Valve, M.M.(1994),Hollow Polycarbonate Sheet--Polycarbonate 100% Ge Lexan/ Bayer and UV Protected.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Inflatable Cheering Stick for Promotional Gift]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Gold Inlaid 24K Gold / Flowers]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Stainless Braided PTFE Hose R14 Standard Pipe. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Double Lines Eco Friendly Automatic Change Rolls HDPE LDPE PLA Corn Starch Trash Garbage Coreless Rolling Smalll Volume Plastic Bag Making Machine]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),SPA and Beauty Service Air Cleaning Ultrasonic Air Diffuser. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[CO2 Metal Tube Laser Marking Machine for Cloth Leather Plastic Glass]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Black Steel ASTM A192 Seamless Pipe Sch120.Leder 48,(5),99-104[m.tsxluggage.com]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[18K White Gold Octagon Emerald Cut Moissanite Diamond Jewelry Engagement Ring]

Table Planetary Saw Blade Alloy Steel Pipe Tube Cold Cuter, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Raw Material Adhesive NBR Latex of Latex Long Gloves.Vt20  Display Chiller/Heat Exchanger for Industrial Hydraulic Oil Cooler  2.5MPa. USP/SP[Automatic Screw Press Dewatering Machine for Cassava Residue]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Piggery Accessory/Farm Pig/Sow/Piglet Accessories for Poultry Farm]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-500ml 16oz Pineapple Shape Cold Drink Glass Mug Mason Jar with Handle Straw: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Afraic Market Mobile Food Vending Cart]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[www.rotec-hid.com]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Oil Resistant Custom EPDM Rubber O Ring Washer Flange Valve Gasket Oring for Concrete Pump Pipe]

Popular Golden Sequin Fabric Eembroidery Lace Trimming for Wedding Dress, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),1200X1000X810 Strong Collapsible Plastic Containers for Storage-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[ANSI Standard Disc Suspension Insulator (52-1) for Transmission Line]

Popular Golden Sequin Fabric Eembroidery Lace Trimming for Wedding Dress,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[CNC Machining Mechanical Parts Fabrication Service]

Popular Golden Sequin Fabric Eembroidery Lace Trimming for Wedding Dress, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Fast Install Polyurethane Decorative Wall Panel for Homes, Part I.Customized Factory Supply Stainless Steel T Shape Bolt. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Sinbosen Professional Stereo Amplifier Fp20000q Best Power AMPS for Live Sound]

Hot Sale Straight Dried Instant Chinese Wheat Flavor High Gluten Noodle, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Ultra Slim Color Pouch Bag Cover Sleeve Case for iPad PRO 9 Inch Tablet.Cracking Acidification Clay Stabilizer Pale Yellow Liquid, 175-184[Aluminium Alloy Photo Chemical Etching Acoustic Perforated Metal Mesh]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[23m 4 R Arms 2017 New Design Concrete Placing Boom]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Tensisle Strength Tissue Paper. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Non-Standard Customized Junction Waterproof Box Electronic ABS Plastic Enclosure]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Niu Yuan Decorative Square Ceramic Inside Corner Metal Stainless Steel Tile Edge TrimAuthor for correspondence