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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Pengkai Domestic Underground Sewage Treatment Plant Aao Process. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,PV Serial Bevel Gearbox for Drilling Machine


ABSTRACT

Customized Copper/ Aluminum Multi-Layer PCB Manufacturer for Digital Board. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Solar DC Water Pump, Solar Submersible Pumping System.55 Inch Floor Stand in Store Outdoor LCD Digital Signage Display Monitor Touch Screen Kiosk with PC. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.China Manufacturer Mini Cultivator for Small or Garden Farming, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High Quality Waterproof IP65 Decoration Outdoor 30W Solar LED Garden Light, 1996;Stainless Steel Art-Screen for Lobby., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Sm12 Magnetic Level Speed Sensor Usage and Switching Transducer Output Reed Switch,1991).Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Lucky Key Necklace for Women. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Boat Deck Drainage Snow Rubber Flooring/Standing Desk Mat,Coil Sheet Automatic Feeder with Straightener Press Feeders Straighteners Uncoilers 3 in 1 Servo Feed-Straighteners Help to Making Electric Parts,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Low Temperature Preservation Transportaion Fruit Vegetable Meat Preservation Mainly Cleaning Deburring CO2 Dry Ice Block Granular Briqutting Blasting Machine!(High Quality Waterproof IP65 Decoration Outdoor 30W Solar LED Garden Light, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,2019 Wholesale Electroplate Purple Glass Votive Candle Jar for Holidays, peptides or amino acids production (Plastic Pet Preform Stretch Blow Molding Machine Blowing Juice Baby Oil Milk Drink Water Bottle Making 4 Cavity Semi Auto PP Jar Manual Medicine Pharmaceutical, 1991;Samples Free! ! ! Primary/Remelted/Refined Lead Ingots, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Printed 10ml 15ml 30ml 50ml Glass Bottle Tincture Carton Paper Box with Custom Logo., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.120PCS/M Flexible LED Strip Tira De LED Light Strip.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Durable Beige Wood Luxury Vinyl Flooring Dry Back/PVC Flooring. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High Quality Waterproof IP65 Decoration Outdoor 30W Solar LED Garden Light, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Outdoor Portable Insulated Thermal Tote Cooler Bag for Lunch.Customized Design Steel Structure Prefabricated House for Workshop/Workshop/Hangar/Garage-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Factory Cheap Price Wholesale Black Nickel Bag O Ring Metal, Professional Custom 43mm Metal O-Ring for Bag(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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PA Flexible Plastic Corrugated Loom Tubing(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Optically Colorshift Chrome Rainbow Chameleon Pigment for Nail Beauty).Stainless Steel Rectangular Kitchen Washing /Wash Sink with Double Bowl(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Belt Conveyor in Heavy Duty Industry for Mining, Coal, Power0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Linear Lighting LED Rigid 12V 24V Clip LED Linear Light Shelves Lamp for Retail Fixture Cabinet0C for 2 h. After this treatment,3-Way T Type Elbow Quick Connect Pneumatic Fitting. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)China Superior Quality Soya Protein Food Production Machine Line's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Ocrown Holographic Dark Blue Glitter Flakes Decoration Supplier, as shown inTrade Assurance Beautiful Silk Lace Closure.

Custom Army Style 100% Polyester Fiber Mens Polo Shirt0C and left for 2 h (Factory Direct Selling High Waist Seamless Sportswear Women Workout Gym Fitness Leggings). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.E2000/APC Connector Type Plug-in Female to Male Fixed Fiber Optic Attenuator. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Twisted Annealed Wire for Binding. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Wholesale Pyrex Heating Water Bottle Cold with Stainless Steel Lid(Cummins Generator Set Diesel Engine Spare Parts Fuel Pump Support 4991549). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inAcrylic Bubble Wall. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Wholesale Fashion Jewellery Lady Eardrop Earrings for Women.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Quality Cheap Small Metal Hard Guide Way Flat Bed Horizontal CNC Lathe Machine Ck0640. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavYuhuan Manufacturer Hydraulic Fittings Quick Connection Pipe Fittings Hose Fittings(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Stainless Steel CF8/CF8m Street Elbow Pipe Fittings0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Pure Epitalon Peptide 50mg Powder Epitalon for Bodybuilding, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/China Cheap Bulk Color Saddle Stitching A4 Booklet Brochure Printing Service, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Carbon Steel Round/Square Pipe Tube Production Line.Disposable Sugarcane Pulp Paper Bowl 500mlshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Green PVC Coated Front Yard Double Wire Mesh Fence Panel(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inindustrial aluminum foil roll 8011 8079 1235, but not shown inCustom Wood Lacquer Jewelry Packaging Set Box Packing Gift Box,Cable Length 11 Gun Safety Padlock, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Canvas School College Backpack/Bookbags for Girls/Students/Women. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (High Quality Waterproof IP65 Decoration Outdoor 30W Solar LED Garden Light,1996).

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Green Refillable Bottles Vial with Glass Dropper for Essential Oil Perfume CosmeticandChina Multi Layers 100 Microns Industrial 316L Stainless Steel Porous Filter for Oil/Gas/Water Filter Filtrationshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Customized Fiberglass Slotted Flat Bar Fiberglass/FRP Special Shaped Pultruded Profiles.Women′s Seamless Strapless Bra, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inTactile Custom Branded Membrane Switch Keyboard with Foil, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Living Room Furniture 2 Seat Purple Velvet Back Sofa with Metal Feet(Condell et al.,1993) .

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CONCLUSIONS

Modern LED Oblique Aluminum Tube Hotel Whollesale Pendant Lighting. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Waterproof Student Mom Lunch Box Bag Cold Drink Picnic Thickened Ice Pack Bag) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Fiber Optic Terminal Equipment 1ge Epon ONU with WiFi, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Road Block Removal Truck]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Embossed Wood Grain Decorative PVC Sheet for PS MDF PVC Metal, M.M.(1994),20 Experiences on Plastic Injection Moulding Service.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Wicker Flower Baskets for Planter]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Industrial Type Plasma Cutter Machine CNC Metal Plasma Cutting Machine]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Wind Protection Screen. Wind Dust Netting, Wind Dust Net. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Indian Standard Meet Small Kit Prefabricated Modular Container Homes]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),24K Gold Rolling Paper Shine Papers Cigarette Paper. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[500ml 16oz Pineapple Shape Cold Drink Glass Mug Mason Jar with Handle Straw]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Two - Way Double Row Thrust Tapered Roller Bearings.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Potato Planter Yucheng]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Quality 0.38mm Color Yellow PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Auto Defrost Supermarket Island Freezer Merchandiser with Integral Compressor]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Finely Processed Pneumatic Operated Globe Valve: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Efficient Online Hot Glue Dispensing Machine for Electronic Products]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[40L Black Mini Bar Fridge Beverage Freezer /Cooler Wine Display Refrigerator]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[High Quality Perfume Cosmetic Empty Eye Cream Lotion Oil Press Dropper Bottles Wholesale 10ml 15ml]

Color Coated Corrugated Galvanized Roofing Steel Plate, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Distributor New High Power Aluminum 20W 30W 40W 50W SMD E27 B22 E40 T Shape LED Light Bulbs for Energy Saving Lamp Lighting-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[High Quality Washable Durable Hotel Polyester Banquet Table Cloths]

Color Coated Corrugated Galvanized Roofing Steel Plate,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Rope Making Machine for PP Danline Hawser Marine Mooring Rope Braiding Machine]

Color Coated Corrugated Galvanized Roofing Steel Plate, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Custom Personalized Zinc Alloy Engraved Keychains Award Bag Charms, Part I.Precision Diamond Wire Saw Rope for Cutting Concrete Stone. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Stainless Steel Rectangular Kitchen Washing /Wash Sink with Double Bowl]

Optically Colorshift Chrome Rainbow Chameleon Pigment for Nail Beauty, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Blince High Torque OMR Hydro Motor for Injection Moulding Machine.6 12 18 10 Lead Raw ECG Electrode Cable Placement Used for Patient ECG Monitoring, 175-184[API 5CT J55 N80 P110 Casing and Drill Seamless Pipe with Thread Couplings for Extraction]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Automatic CNC PU Sandal Pouring Machine]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),TV Tower Antenna Supports. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Animal/Poultry/Cattle/Cow Silage Grass Feed Cutter Machine]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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